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中国农学通报 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (13): 8-12.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0386

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

降解地膜在春植甘蔗上的应用效果研究

唐国磊1(), 代光伟2, 冯璐1, 陈国伟2, 李晓富3, 浦明3, 李如丹1()   

  1. 1 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所,云南开远 661699
    2 临沧南华糖业有限公司,云南临沧 677000
    3 耿马南华糖业有限公司,云南耿马 677500
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-09 修回日期:2022-12-09 出版日期:2023-05-05 发布日期:2023-04-27
  • 通讯作者: 李如丹,男,1982年出生,云南宣威人,副研究员,硕士,研究方向:甘蔗营养与栽培研究。通信地址:661699 云南省开远市灵泉东路363号,Tel:0873-7227007,E-mail:lirudan@126.com
  • 作者简介:

    唐国磊,男,1979年出生,云南泸西人,大学专科,研究方向:甘蔗绿色轻简栽培研究。通信地址:661699 云南省开远市灵泉东路363号,Tel:0873-7227007,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目“热带作物增产节本增效栽培技术集成与示范”(2020YFD1000600); 云南省科科技支撑绿色产业发展项目“甘蔗全产业链关键技术创新研究与应用”(202004AC100001-A02); 云南省重大科技专项计划项目“甘蔗宜机化新品种选育及配套关键技术集成示范”(202102AE090028)

The Application Effect of Degradable Mulching Film on Spring Planting Sugarcane

TANG Guolei1(), DAI Guangwei2, FENG Lu1, CHEN Guowei2, LI Xiaofu3, PU Ming3, LI Rudan1()   

  1. 1 Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kaiyuan, Yunnan 661699
    2 Lincang Nanhua Sugar Co., Ltd., Lincang, Yunnan 677000
    3 Gengma Nanhua Sugar Co., Ltd., Gengma, Yunnan 677500
  • Received:2022-05-09 Revised:2022-12-09 Online:2023-05-05 Published:2023-04-27

摘要:

为筛选出适合春植甘蔗使用的降解地膜,以4种降解地膜为研究材料,研究地膜的降解特性,降解地膜处理对成熟期甘蔗株高、茎径、有效茎数目、锤度、产量的影响。结果表明,降解2号、3号持续有效覆盖时间为80 d,田间覆盖时间满足春植甘蔗萌芽对水分和温度要求;降解2号处理下地温、土壤湿度有利于甘蔗萌发;甘蔗成熟期,降解1号处理的甘蔗株高最低,聚乙烯膜处理的甘蔗茎径值最小,降解2号处理的甘蔗有效茎(77748株/hm2)值最大,降解3号处理的蔗茎锤度最高,降解2号、3号、4号处理的甘蔗产量均高于聚乙烯膜处理,但各处理差异不显著(P<0.05)。综合分析认为,降解膜2号有效覆盖时间满足甘蔗出苗要求,且成熟期的产量和糖分(锤度)相对较高,具备大面积推广应用的可行性。

关键词: 甘蔗, 春植, 降解地膜, 形态特征, 产量, 糖分

Abstract:

Four kinds of degradable mulching film were used as research materials to select the suitable one for spring planting sugarcane. The degradation characteristics of the mulching film were studied, and the effects of degradable mulching film on the height, stem diameter, stem number, Brix and yield of sugarcane in mature stage were studied. The results showed that: the continuous effective mulching time of Degradation No.2 and No.3 was 80 days, and the field mulching time of the two kinds of degradable mulching film could meet the water and temperature requirements of spring sugarcane germination. Soil temperature and soil moisture were beneficial to sugarcane germination under the mulching treatment of Degradation No.2. In the mature stage of sugarcane, the sugarcane plant height of Degradation No.1 treatment was the lowest, the sugarcane stem diameter of polyethylene film treatment was the lowest, the sugarcane effective stem number of Degradation No.2 treatment was the highest (77748 plants/hm2), and the sugarcane stem Brix under Degradation No.3 treatment was the highest. The sugarcane yield of Degradation No.2, No.3 and No.4 treatments was higher than that of polyethylene film treatment. However, there was no significant difference among the treatments (P<0.05). The comprehensive analysis showed that the effective coverage time of Degradation No.2 could meet the requirements of sugarcane germination, and the stem yield and sugar content (Brix) of sugarcane in mature stage are relatively high. Therefore, Degradation No.2 is feasible to be popularized and applied in a large area sugarcane planting.

Key words: sugarcane, spring planting, degradable mulching film, morphological characteristics, yield, Brix