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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (31): 41-46.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0299

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

兰州百合组培增殖系数与鳞茎膨大的关键影响因子研究

张鑫1,2(), 郭志鸿3(), 柴娟1,2, 马荣1,2, 周锋1,2, 王琼1,2, 姚卓男1,2   

  1. 1 甘肃亚盛农业研究院有限公司，兰州 730030
    2 甘肃亚盛（实业）集团股份有限公司农业农村部耕地保育重点实验室，兰州 730030
    3 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院，兰州 730030
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-15 修回日期:2025-10-15 出版日期:2025-11-05 发布日期:2025-11-07
  • 通讯作者:
    郭志鸿，男，1977年出生，助理研究员，博士，主要从事百合育种及良种繁育。E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    张鑫，女，1991年出生，农艺师，硕士，研究方向为百合育种及良种繁育。E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国有资本经营预算支持省属企业科研项目“兰州百合优良新品种高效选育及脱毒良种规模化繁育技术集成与示范”(2024GZ011); 兰州百合优质种源开发关键技术“揭榜挂帅”项目“兰州百合优质种源开发关键技术‘揭榜挂帅’项目（第一批）”(2024-5-1); 甘肃省科技计划项目“兰州百合种质高效利用和优良新品种快速选育”(22YF7NA028); 甘肃省科技计划项目“兰州百合全产业链高效开发关键技术研究与应用”(24ZDNA006)

Study on Key Factors Influencing the Proliferation Coefficient and Bulb Enlargement in Tissue Culture of Lilium davidii var. unicolor

ZHANG Xin1,2(), GUO Zhihong3(), CHAI Juan1,2, MA Rong1,2, ZHOU Feng1,2, WANG Qiong1,2, YAO Zhuonan1,2   

  1. 1 Gansu Yasheng Agricultural Research Institute Co., Ltd., Lanzhou 730030
    2 Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Gansu Yasheng (Industrial) Group Co., Ltd., Lanzhou 730030
    3 Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730030
  • Received:2025-04-15 Revised:2025-10-15 Published:2025-11-05 Online:2025-11-07

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摘要：

为解决百合传统繁殖周期长、增殖系数低的产业化瓶颈，优化其组织培养快繁技术体系，以兰州百合(Lilium davidii var. unicolor)脱毒试管苗鳞片切片为外植体，通过单因子梯度试验，探究激素配比(ZT、IAA、KT)、蔗糖含量、光照时间及培养温度对百合鳞片切片增殖系数的影响，同时分析蔗糖浓度与激素组合对试管鳞茎膨大的调控效应。结果表明：（1）鳞片切片增殖的最优条件为1.0 mg/L KT+ 0.5 mg/L ZT+ 0.2 mg/L IAA（激素配比）、30 g/L蔗糖、23℃培养温度及12 h/d光照，此条件下增殖系数最高达43，且植株生长健壮、叶片数量适中，兼顾增殖效率与成本控制。（2）单一细胞分裂素（KT或ZT）单独使用时，以1.5 mg/L ZT+ 0.2 mg/L IAA（增殖系数29）和1.5 mg/L KT+ 0.2 mg/L IAA（增殖系数27）效果最佳，但显著低于2种细胞分裂素协同处理。（3）试管鳞茎膨大的最优组合为0.5 mg/L KT+ 0.3 mg/L IAA（激素配比）与60 g/L蔗糖，鳞茎形成率达96%，膨大倍数最高为3.3，且鳞茎抱合度好、鲜重积累显著；蔗糖浓度过高(≥90 g/L)虽可提升膨大倍数(3.71)，但会导致鳞茎形成率下降(89.7%)及生长异常。本研究明确了兰州百合组培增殖与鳞茎膨大的关键调控因子及最优参数，可为其脱毒良种规模化繁育提供科学依据。

关键词: 兰州百合, 组织培养, 增殖系数, 蔗糖浓度, 植物激素, 光照时间, 培养温度

Abstract:

To address the industrialization bottlenecks of traditional lily propagation, namely the long cycle and low multiplication coefficient, and to optimize its rapid propagation system via tissue culture, this study utilized scale segments from virus-free test-tube plantlets of Lilium davidii var. unicolor as explants. Through single-factor gradient experiments, the effects of hormone combinations (ZT, IAA, KT), sucrose concentration, photoperiod, and culture temperature on the proliferation coefficient of lily scale segments were investigated. Additionally, the regulatory effects of sucrose concentration and hormone combinations on the bulking of test-tube bulbs were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) the optimal conditions for scale segment proliferation were 1.0 mg/L KT + 0.5 mg/L ZT+ 0.2 mg/L IAA (hormone combination), 30 g/L sucrose, a culture temperature of 23℃, and a 12 h/d photoperiod. Under these conditions, the maximum proliferation coefficient reached 43, with robust plant growth and a moderate number of leaves, balancing efficiency and cost control. (2) When using a single cytokinin (KT or ZT) alone, 1.5 mg/L ZT+ 0.2 mg/L IAA (proliferation coefficient 29) and 1.5 mg/L KT+ 0.2 mg/L IAA (proliferation coefficient 27) yielded the best results, but these were significantly lower than the synergistic treatment involving both cytokinins. (3) The optimal combination for test-tube bulb bulking was 0.5 mg/L KT+ 0.3 mg/L IAA (hormone combination) with 60 g/L sucrose, achieving a bulb formation rate of 96% and a maximum bulking multiple of 3.3. The bulbs exhibited good compactness and significant fresh weight accumulation. Although a higher sucrose concentration (≥90 g/L) could increase the bulking multiple (3.71), it led to a decreased bulb formation rate (89.7%) and abnormal growth. This study clarifies the key regulatory factors and optimal parameters for the proliferation and bulb bulking of Lilium davidii var. unicolor in tissue culture, providing a scientific basis and technical support for the large-scale propagation of its virus-free improved varieties.

Key words: Lilium davidii var. unicolor, tissue culture, multiplication coefficient, sucrose concentration, phytohormone, radiation time, culture temperature