植物萜类合成酶的研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0106

中国农学通报 ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (34): 13-22.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0106

植物萜类合成酶的研究进展

何伟贤¹^,²^,³(), 李旭龙¹^,²^,³, 张龙¹^,², 顾艳¹^,², 王继华¹^,²^,³, 徐世强¹^,²()

¹ 广东省农业科学院作物研究所/广东省农作物遗传改良重点实验室，广州 510640
² 广东省道地南药资源保护与利用工程中心，广州 510640
³ 广州中医药大学中药学院，广州 510640

收稿日期:2025-02-17 修回日期:2025-07-01 出版日期:2025-12-04 发布日期:2025-12-04
通讯作者:
徐世强，男，1989年出生，河南信阳人，助理研究员，博士，主要从事南药资源保护与利用研究。通信地址：510640 广东省广州市天河区五山金颖路西二街18号，E-mail：xushiqiang@gdaas.cn。
作者简介:
何伟贤，男，2002年出生，广东佛山人，硕士研究生，主要从事南药资源保护与利用研究。通信地址：510640 广东省广州市天河区五山金颖路西二街18号，E-mail：767523145@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年基金“MobHLH25靶定香叶醇合酶MoGES调控巴戟天环烯醚萜生物合成的分子机理”(32200305); 广东省科技计划项目“广东省农作物遗传改良重点实验室运行项目”(2023B1212060038); 广州市科技计划项目“MoWRKY15靶定MoGES调控巴戟天环烯醚萜生物合成的分子机制”(2025A04J5304)

Research Progress on Plant Terpene Synthase

HE Weixian¹^,²^,³(), LI Xulong¹^,²^,³, ZHANG Long¹^,², GU Yan¹^,², WANG Jihua¹^,²^,³, XU Shiqiang¹^,²()

¹ Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics & Improvement, Guangzhou 510640
² Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Conservation and Utilization of the Genuine Southern Medicinal Resources, Guangzhou 510640
³ School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510640

Received:2025-02-17 Revised:2025-07-01 Published:2025-12-04 Online:2025-12-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究旨在阐明植物萜类合成酶(terpene synthase，TPS)在萜类化合物生物合成中的关键作用及其复杂调控机制，并探讨其多样化的生物学特性与广阔的应用前景。基于现有文献和研究成果，采用系统综述与综合分析方法，从功能分类、进化历程、结构催化特性及多层次调控（DNA、转录、转录后）维度分析TPS的作用机理与环境响应规律。TPS通过多样化的结构域催化形成种类繁多的萜类骨架，其过程具有高度复杂性。TPS的活性受精细的多层级调控；转录调控受多种转录因子控制；转录后水平调控则包括mRNA稳定性、翻译效率及蛋白质翻译后修饰等；环境因素（如生物/非生物胁迫）可显著影响TPS基因表达及酶活性，进而调控特定萜类产物的合成积累。不同TPS家族成员在进化上呈现发散性，其功能分化与植物适应性及萜类多样性密切相关。对TPS结构与功能关系的深入解析，为理解其底物选择性和产物特异性提供了分子基础。TPS研究为阐明萜类化合物生物合成及调控机制提供了核心理论支撑，极大地推动了其在农业、医药、香料、化妆品及工业领域的创新应用，对促进可持续发展、增进人类健康和提升生活质量具有重要意义。

关键词: 萜类合成酶, 结构, 进化, 调控机制, 应用

Abstract:

This study aims to clarify the key role of plant terpenoid synthase (TPS) in terpenoid biosynthesis and its complex regulation mechanism, and to explore its diverse biological characteristics and broad application prospects. Based on existing literature and research findings, we employed systematic review and comprehensive analysis methods to investigate the functional mechanisms and environmental response patterns of TPS from multiple dimensions: functional classification, evolution, structural catalytic characteristics, and multi-level regulation (DNA, transcription, and post-transcription). TPS catalyzes the formation of various terpenoid skeletons through its diverse structural domains, and the catalytic process is highly complex. The activity of TPS is strictly regulated by multiple levels; transcriptional regulation is mediated by various transcription factors; post-transcriptional regulation encompasses mRNA stability, translation efficiency, and protein post-translational modification. Environmental factors (e.g., biotic/abiotic stresses) have been demonstrated to significantly influence TPS gene expression and enzyme activity, thereby modulating the synthesis and accumulation of specific terpenoid products. Members of different TPS families exhibit divergence in evolution, and their functional differentiation is closely related to plant adaptability and terpenoid diversity. The relationship between the structure and function of TPS provides a molecular basis for understanding their substrate selectivity and product specificity. Research on TPS provides a core theoretical foundation for elucidating terpenoid biosynthesis and its regulatory mechanisms, significantly promoting their applications in agriculture, medicine, fragrances, cosmetics, and industry. This work holds substantial importance for sustainable development, human health, and the improvement of quality of life.

Key words: terpene synthase, structure, evolution, regulatory mechanism, application

何伟贤, 李旭龙, 张龙, 顾艳, 王继华, 徐世强. 植物萜类合成酶的研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2025, 41(34): 13-22.

HE Weixian, LI Xulong, ZHANG Long, GU Yan, WANG Jihua, XU Shiqiang. Research Progress on Plant Terpene Synthase[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(34): 13-22.

图/表 2

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植物	转录因子	次生代谢产物	参考文献
黄花蒿(Artemisia annua)	AaERF1、AaERF2(AP2/ERF)	青蒿素(+)	[52]
	AaORA(AP2/ERF)	—	[53]
	AabZIP1(bZIP)	—	[54]
长春花(Catharanthus roseus)	ORCA1、ORCA2(AP2/ERF)	长春碱(+)	[55]
	ORCA3(AP2/ERF)	—	[56-59]
	CrMYC2(bHLH)	—	[60]
	CrGBF1、CrGBF2(bZIP)	—	[61]
棉花(Gossypium arboreum)	GaWRKY1(WRKY)	杜松烯(+)	[62]
拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)	MYB21、MYB24(MYB)	(E)-β-石竹烯(+)	[63]
拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)	MYC2(bHLH)	(E)-β-蒎烯(+)	[64]
红豆杉(Taxus wallichiana)	TcWRKY1(WRKY)	紫杉醇(+)	[65]
	TcAP2、TcDREB(AP2/ERF)	—	[66]
	TcJAMYC(bHLH)	—	[67]
水稻(Oryza sativa)	OsTGAP1(bZIP)	抗毒素(+)	[68]
水稻(Oryza sativa)	OsbZIP79(bZIP)	—	[69]
短角蒲公英(Taraxacum brevicorniculatum)	TbbZIP1(bZIP)	天然橡胶(+)	[70]

植物	转录因子	次生代谢产物	参考文献
黄花蒿(Artemisia annua)	AaERF1、AaERF2(AP2/ERF)	青蒿素(+)	[52]
	AaORA(AP2/ERF)	—	[53]
	AabZIP1(bZIP)	—	[54]
长春花(Catharanthus roseus)	ORCA1、ORCA2(AP2/ERF)	长春碱(+)	[55]
	ORCA3(AP2/ERF)	—	[56-59]
	CrMYC2(bHLH)	—	[60]
	CrGBF1、CrGBF2(bZIP)	—	[61]
棉花(Gossypium arboreum)	GaWRKY1(WRKY)	杜松烯(+)	[62]
拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)	MYB21、MYB24(MYB)	(E)-β-石竹烯(+)	[63]
拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)	MYC2(bHLH)	(E)-β-蒎烯(+)	[64]
红豆杉(Taxus wallichiana)	TcWRKY1(WRKY)	紫杉醇(+)	[65]
	TcAP2、TcDREB(AP2/ERF)	—	[66]
	TcJAMYC(bHLH)	—	[67]
水稻(Oryza sativa)	OsTGAP1(bZIP)	抗毒素(+)	[68]
水稻(Oryza sativa)	OsbZIP79(bZIP)	—	[69]
短角蒲公英(Taraxacum brevicorniculatum)	TbbZIP1(bZIP)	天然橡胶(+)	[70]

植物萜类合成酶的研究进展

Research Progress on Plant Terpene Synthase

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