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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 185-192.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0596

• 畜牧·动物医学·蚕·蜂 • 上一篇    下一篇

运用层次分析法对规模化肉鸡场食源性病原菌传播风险因素分析

翟瑶瑶1,2(), 王琳2, 王娟2, 刘俊辉2, 刘中木2,3, 宁雪莹1,2, 王君玮2, 王建琳1(), 曲志娜2()   

  1. 1 青岛农业大学动物医学院， 山东青岛 266109
    2 中国动物卫生与流行病学中心， 山东青岛 266032
    3 山西农业大学动物医学学院， 山西晋中 030801
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-16 修回日期:2025-11-06 出版日期:2026-02-27 发布日期:2026-02-27
  • 通讯作者:
    曲志娜，女，1970年出生，山东龙口人，研究员，硕士研究生，研究方向：动物源细菌耐药及其防控技术研究。通信地址：266032 山东省青岛市市北区南京路369号 中国动物卫生与流行病学中心，E-mail：。
    王建琳，女，1976年出生，山西长治人，教授，博士研究生，研究方向：家禽疫病防控及发生机制研究。通信地址：266109 青岛市城阳区长城路700号动物医院，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    翟瑶瑶，女，2000年出生，山东淄博人，硕士研究生，研究方向：预防兽医。通信地址：266032 山东省青岛市市北区南京路369号 中国动物卫生与流行病学中心，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目“多重耐药食源性病原菌溯源及其耐药基因传播预警”(2022YFC2303900)

Analysis of Risk Factors for Foodborne Pathogen Transmission in Large-Scale Broiler Farm Using Analytic Hierarchy Process

ZHAI Yaoyao1,2(), WANG Lin2, WANG Juan2, LIU Junhui2, LIU Zhongmu2,3, NING Xueying1,2, WANG Junwei2, WANG Jianlin1(), QU Zhina2()   

  1. 1 College of Animal Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109
    2 China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong 266032
    3 College of Animal Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, Shanxi 030801
  • Received:2025-07-16 Revised:2025-11-06 Published:2026-02-27 Online:2026-02-27

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摘要：

规模化肉鸡场食源性病原菌传播风险缺乏系统评估体系，为精准识别关键风险因素，结合文献研究与全国11省100家规模化肉鸡场实地调研，构建包含4个I级、13个II级、78个III级的规模化肉鸡场食源性病原菌传播风险指标体系，采用层次分析法确定指标权重并排序。结果表明：（1）指标体系通过一致性检验，科学性可靠；（2）核心风险因素排序为疫病防控>生物安全>场址设施>管理；（3）首要风险因素为疫病防控中的外源微生物检测（活疫苗、饲料和水），权重分别为4.205%、4.126%、3.999%，其次为病死鸡无害化处理(2.847%)和场区消毒设施设备(2.828%)。本调查填补了规模化肉鸡场食源性病原菌传播风险因素研究空白，明确了规模化肉鸡场食源性病原菌传播的核心风险点，构建了科学的风险评估体系。未来可结合实地监测数据验证指标有效性，针对不同地区、不同规模肉鸡场优化指标体系，为精准防控提供更具针对性的技术支撑。

关键词: 规模化肉鸡场, 食源性病原菌, 层次分析法, 风险因素, 病原传播

Abstract:

In response to the lack of a systematic assessment system for the risk of foodborne pathogen transmission in large scale broiler farm, in order to accurately identify key risk factors, a risk index system for foodborne pathogen transmission in large scale broiler farm was constructed, including 4 levels I, 13 levels II, and 78 levels III, based on literature research and field investigations of 100 large scale broiler farm in 11 provinces across the country. The Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to determine the weights of the indicators and the order. The results indicate that: (1) The indicator system has passed the consistency test and is scientifically reliable. (2) Ranking of the proportion of core risk factors: disease prevention and control>biosafety> site facilities> management. (3) The primary risk factor is the detection of exogenous microorganisms (live vaccines, feed, and water) in disease prevention and control, with weights of 4.205%, 4.126%, and 3.999%, respectively. The second is the harmless treatment of dead chickens (2.847%) and disinfection facilities and equipment in the field (2.828%). This survey fills the research gap in the risk factors of foodborne pathogen transmission in large-scale broiler farms, clarifies the core risk points of foodborne pathogen transmission in large scale broiler farm, and constructs a scientific risk assessment system. In the future, the effectiveness of indicators can be verified through on-site monitoring data, and the indicator system can be optimized for different regions and scales of broiler farms to provide more targeted technical support for precise prevention and control.

Key words: large scale broiler farm, foodborne pathogen, Analytic Hierarchy Process, risk factors, pathogen transmission