欢迎访问《中国农学通报》,

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (16): 200-208.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-1040

• 畜牧·动物医学·蚕·蜂 • 上一篇    下一篇

早熟禾属牧草响应水分亏缺的农艺性状和营养品质研究

阿芸1(), 陈彩锦2(), 谭宇尘3(), 童建福1, 苏晓涵1, 刘慧祥1, 朱永明1, 黄丹妮1   

  1. 1 青海理工学院生态与环境科学学院/青海省高原气候变化及其生态效应重点实验室, 西宁 810016
    2 宁夏农林科学院固原分院, 宁夏固原 756000
    3 国家林业和草原局西南调查规划院, 昆明 650031
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-28 修回日期:2026-05-08 出版日期:2026-08-25 发布日期:2026-08-20
  • 通讯作者:
    陈彩锦,女,1982年出生,宁夏海原人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事牧草种质资源创制与育种研究。通信地址:宁夏固原市原州区开城镇吴庄村(义乌路200号)宁夏农林科学院固原分院,E-mail:
    谭宇尘,女,1994年出生,河北唐山人,工程师,博士,主要从事生态环境规划设计、草原保护修复与利用、林草产业发展等方面的研究工作。通信地址:650031 云南省昆明市五华区一二一大街71号,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    阿芸,女,1993年出生,青海乐都人,副教授,博士,主要从事生态系统保护与退化恢复研究。通信地址:810016 青海省西宁市城北区修远街2号 青海理工学院,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    青海理工学院“昆仑英才”人才引进科研项目“基于染色体端粒技术的青藏高原草地早熟禾衰老与生态功能的关联性研究”(2023-QLGKLYCZX-011)

Study on Agronomic Traits and Nutritional Quality of Poa Forages in Response to Water Deficit

A Yun1(), CHEN Caijin2(), TAN Yuchen3(), TONG Jianfu1, SU Xiaohan1, LIU Huixiang1, ZHU Yongming1, HUANG Danni1   

  1. 1 College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Qinghai University of Science and Technology/Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Plateau Climate Change and Corresponding Ecological and Environmental Effects, Xining 810016
    2 Guyuan Branch, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Guyuan, Ningxia 756000
    3 Southwest Survey and Planning Institute of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming 650031
  • Received:2025-12-28 Revised:2026-05-08 Published:2026-08-25 Online:2026-08-20

摘要:

为揭示早熟禾属牧草在水分亏缺下的农艺性状及营养品质变化规律,以青海草地早熟禾、青海冷地早熟禾、青海扁茎早熟禾为材料,设置60% (对照)、45% (中度胁迫)和30% (重度胁迫)土壤含水量,系统分析其生长状况、营养品质及抗旱性。结果表明:(1)随水分亏缺加剧,3种牧草的鲜重、干重、株高、相对含水量(RWC)、粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)和相对饲喂价值(RFV)均显著降低(降幅1.97%~34.93%)(P<0.05),而中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量均显著上升(增幅4.61%~13.58%);(2)双因素分析表明,牧草农艺及品质指标受遗传与水分胁迫共同影响,且对水分亏缺响应更为敏感;(3)经灰色关联度评价,抗旱性及生产性能排序为青海草地早熟禾>青海冷地早熟禾>青海扁茎早熟禾;(4)通径分析表明,对干重的直接影响依次为鲜重>RWC>株高>CP>RFV>EE>Ash>NDF>ADF,其中鲜重、RWC、株高和CP对干重产生较大的正效应。综上,青海草地早熟禾在水分亏缺下生长良好、产量稳定、品质优良、抗旱性强,适宜在干旱半干旱地区推广,为人工草地建植与退化草地改良提供了优良材料。

关键词: 早熟禾, 水分亏缺, 产量性能, 营养品质, 灰色关联度评价

Abstract:

To elucidate the dynamic changes in agronomic traits and nutritional quality of Poa forage under water deficit conditions, 3 native germplasms, namely Poa pratensis, Poa pratensis var. anceps Gaud. cv., Poa crymophila, were used as experimental materials. 3 soil moisture levels were established, including 60% (control), 45% (moderate water stress) and 30% (severe water stress). The growth performance, nutritional quality and drought resistance of the tested materials were investigated systematically. The results showed that: (1) with the intensification of water deficit, the fresh weight, dry weight, plant height, relative water content (RWC), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE) and relative feed value (RFV) of 3 forage varieties decreased significantly by 1.97%-34.93% (P<0.05); the contents of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) increased significantly by 4.61%-13.58%; (2) two-factor analysis showed that the agronomic and quality indicators of forages were jointly affected by genotype and water stress, and these indicators were more sensitive to water deficit; (3) grey correlation degree evaluation indicated that the drought resistance and production performance were ranked as follows: P. pratensis>Poa pratensis var. anceps Gaud. cv.>P. crymophila; (4) path analysis revealed that the direct effects on dry weight were ranked in the order: fresh weight>RWC>plant height>CP>RFV>EE>Ash>NDF>ADF. Among them, fresh weight, RWC, plant height and CP exerted major positive effects. In conclusion, P. pratensis is suitable for popularization in arid and semi-arid regions because of its good growth, stable yield, superior quality and strong drought resistance under water deficit conditions, and can serve as an excellent germplasm resource for artificial grassland establishment and degraded grassland restoration.

Key words: Poa, water deficit, production performance, nutritional quality, grey correlation evaluation

中图分类号: