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中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (17): 131-140.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2026-0284

• 资源环境生态土壤气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于正态云模型的贵州气候生产潜力不确定性变化特征

任青峰(), 张东平, 王杰, 王红斌, 黄富林, 熊欣怡, 马磊   

  1. 贵州省赤水市气象局, 贵州赤水 564700
  • 收稿日期:2026-04-07 修回日期:2026-07-08 出版日期:2026-09-15 发布日期:2026-09-09
  • 作者简介:

    任青峰,男,1989年出生,四川广汉人,高级工程师,主要从事气候变化与应用气象方面的研究。通信地址:564700 贵州省赤水市红军大道中路820号 气象局,Tel:0851-22821832,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    贵州气象大数据创新中心基金项目:影响酱香型白酒酿造的极端气候事件风险以及气候资源优势研究(黔气科合QY-MS[2025]02)

Uncertainty Characteristics of Climatic Potential Productivity in Guizhou Based on Normal Cloud Model

REN Qingfeng(), ZHANG Dongping, WANG Jie, WANG Hongbin, HUANG Fulin, XIONG Xinyi, MA Lei   

  1. Chishui Meteorological Bureau of Guizhou Province, Chishui, Guizhou 564700
  • Received:2026-04-07 Revised:2026-07-08 Published:2026-09-15 Online:2026-09-09

摘要:

为深化对长江流域喀斯特地区气候资源不确定性变化的理解,本研究选取贵州省1961—2024年78个国家气象站的气象数据,采用滑动时窗(30 a)与逆向云算法,系统分析气温生产潜力(Yt)、降水生产潜力(Yp)、蒸散生产潜力(Ye)及标准气候生产潜力(Ys)的正态云模型参数(期望值expectationEx、熵entropyEn和超熵hyper-entropyHe)的时空演变规律。研究主要发现如下:(1)整体上,贵州热量资源(Yt期望值高达19087.25 kg/hm2)决定了生产潜力上限,水分条件是主要限制因子,Yp的随机性与模糊性最高,是Ys不确定性的主要来源。Yt的随机性与模糊性最低,变化相对稳定。(2)时间趋势上,Yt的期望值增速最快为138.2 kg/(hm2·10a),Yp的期望值显著减少为-80.3 kg/(hm2·10a),导致Ys增速缓慢为36.4 kg/(hm2·10a),Yp的熵与超熵增加趋势最强,表明降水的不稳定性加剧。突变现象集中发生在1976—1988年,与气候年代际转型一致,突变前后的变化与长期趋势一致,且未来Yt上升、Yp下降及Ys模糊性增强的趋势将持续6~11 a(H>0.75)。(3)空间上,经验正交函数(EOF)分解揭示出贵州气候生产潜力变化“全局响应”与“局地分异”的复合特征。第一模态(方差贡献率47.0%~96.3%)反映了在气候整体驱动下,生产潜力的基准和波动性表现出同步变化的“全局响应”特征;第二模态(反映地形影响)则突显了区域内因地形、海拔等因素造成的“局地分异”现象。本研究应用正态云模型,可以有效刻画气候生产潜力的基准、波动与模糊边界,为多维度评估区域农业气候资源提供了新途径。

关键词: 气候生产潜力, 期望, 随机性, 模糊性, 时空变化

Abstract:

To deepen the understanding of the uncertain changes in climate resources in karst areas of the Yangtze River Basin, based on meteorological data from 78 national stations in Guizhou from 1961 to 2024, this research employs a sliding time window (30a) and a backward cloud algorithm to systematically analyze the evolution of normal cloud model parameters (expectation Ex, entropy En, and hyper-entropy He) for temperature production potential (Yt), precipitation production potential (Yp), evapotranspiration production potential (Ye), and standard climatic potential productivity (Ys). The main conclusions are as follows. (1) Overall, thermal resources (Yt expectation value of 19087.25 kg/hm2) determine the upper limit of production potential in Guizhou, while water conditions are the primary limiting factor. Yp exhibits the highest randomness and fuzziness and is the main source of uncertainty for Ys. (2) Regarding temporal trends, the expectation value of Yt shows the fastest increase (138.2 kg/hm2·10a), while the expectation value of Yp shows a significant decrease (-80.3 kg/hm2·10a), leading to a slow increase in Ys (36.4 kg/hm2·10a). The entropy and hyper-entropy of Yp exhibit the strongest increasing trends, indicating intensified instability in precipitation. Abrupt changes were concentrated between 1976 and 1988, coinciding with the interdecadal climate transition. The differences before and after the abrupt changes are consistent with the long-term trends, and the trends of increasing Yt, decreasing Yp, and increasing fuzziness of Ys are projected to continue for 6 to 11 years (H>0.75). (3)Spatially, empirical orthogonal function (EOF) decomposition reveals a composite characteristic of global response (first mode variance 47.0% to 96.3%) and local differentiation (second mode reflecting topographic influences). The normal cloud model effectively characterizes the baseline, fluctuation, and fuzzy boundaries of climatic potential productivity, offering a new approach for the multi-dimensional assessment of regional agro-climatic resources.

Key words: climatic potential productivity, expectation, randomness, fuzziness, spatiotemporal variation

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