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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2010, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (6): 1-4.

所属专题： 畜牧兽医

• 畜牧 动物医学 蚕 蜂 •    下一篇

性别对秦川牛肉品质的影响

姜碧杰1,昝林森1,2,辛亚平1,王洪宝1,2,张莺莺1   

  • 收稿日期:2009-10-24 修回日期:2009-11-30 出版日期:2010-03-20 发布日期:2010-03-20
  • 基金资助:

    国家 “863” 高技术研究与发展计划项目 “秦川牛肉质性状相关功能基因研究”

Effect of Gender on Meat Quality of Qinchuan Cattle

  • Received:2009-10-24 Revised:2009-11-30 Online:2010-03-20 Published:2010-03-20

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摘要：

性别是影响生长发育和肉品品质的一个重要的因素。本研究选取发育正常、健康无病、年龄在3岁左右的秦川牛公牛3头、母牛3头、阉牛3头共9头牛进行屠宰试验，并在同一部位（背最长肌处）进行取样测定水分、粗灰分、粗脂肪、粗蛋白、肉色、蒸煮损失、失水率、嫩度和系水力9项指标。结果如下：秦川牛的性别对背最长肌处的水分，粗灰分和肉色的影响不显著（p﹥0.05），而其余指标在不同性别之间则有显著或极显著的差异(P<0.05或P<0.01) 。其中母牛嫩度（2.15N）优于阉牛(3.41N)，公牛最差(4.47N)；母牛蒸煮损失（29.5％）大于公牛（28.08％），阉牛最低（26.13％）；阉牛系水力大于母牛，公牛最差，失水率结果与之相反；公牛粗蛋白含量（25.86％）高于阉牛（23.02％），母牛最低（21.90％）；粗脂肪含量结果与之相反。综合几个指标可以得出：秦川牛阉牛肉质优于母牛，公牛最差。

关键词: 胸膜肺炎放线杆菌, 胸膜肺炎放线杆菌, ApxⅠ, 致病性, 免疫原性

Abstract:

Gender is one of the most important factor on growth and meat quality. Nine healthy Qinchuan cattles(three ones separately by gender, about three years old) were slaughtered to study the influence of gender on meat quality. Sampling at longissimus dorsi and the following items were measured, including content of water, crude ash, crude fat, crude protein, meat colour, cooking loss, tenderness, driage and water holding capacity. Results are shown as follows: content of water, crude ash and meat colour are not influenced significantly by gender（p﹥0.05）. Other items are different or significantly different among gender(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The tenderness of cow（2.15N）is the best, bull(3.41N) is better and ox(4.47N) is the worst of all; the cooking loss of cow（29.5％）is the biggest, ox（28.08％）is better and bull（26.13％）is the last; the water holding capacity of bull is the biggest, cow is the next and ox is the worst, which is opposite to driage; the crude protein of ox（25.86％）is the highest, bull（23.02％）is better and cow（21.90％）is the worst, crude fat is the opposite. Comprehensive analysis show that meat quality of bull is the best and ox is the worst of all.