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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2010, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (15): 83-85.

所属专题： 生物技术； 小麦

• 生物技术科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

小麦-长穗偃麦草3E二体附加系与小麦-杀配子染色体2C二体附加系杂交后代的细胞学鉴定

陈静 郭长虹 徐国辉   

  • 收稿日期:2010-03-08 修回日期:2010-03-19 出版日期:2010-08-05 发布日期:2010-08-05
  • 基金资助:

    国际科技合作项目“小麦-偃麦草、小麦-黑麦染色体变异的高效诱导及其在小麦遗传改良中的利用”;黑龙江省科技攻关项目“小麦近缘属偃麦草和山羊草基因组分子标记的开发”;黑龙江省留学归国人员科学技术专项基金“杀配子染色体在小麦近缘野生种质遗传资源利用中的作用研究”

Cytological Characteristics of Hybrids between Wheat- Thinopyrum elongatum 3E Addition Line and Wheat-Gametocidal Chromosome Addition Line 2C

  • Received:2010-03-08 Revised:2010-03-19 Online:2010-08-05 Published:2010-08-05

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摘要：

为了创造小麦-长穗偃麦草染色体易位系，本研究将“中国春”-长穗偃麦草3E二体附加系与“中国春”-柱穗山羊草2C二体附加系进行了正反交、F1代自交和回交，利用细胞遗传学等方法对杂种后代进行了鉴定。以“中国春”-长穗偃麦草3E二体附加系为母本的杂交组合，其杂交当代结实率平均为37.3%，而以“中国春”-杀配子染色体2C二体附加系为母本的杂交组合，其平均结实率为28.19%，二者差异显著（P<0.05）。杂种F1代自交结实率平均为31.45%，用“中国春”-长穗偃麦草3E二体附加系为父本的F1代回交结实率为38.82%，二者差异显著（P<0.05）。在杂交后代有丝分裂和减数分裂中观察到了染色体畸变现象，说明杀配子染色体2C在配子的形成过程中起作用。这些研究结果为进一步创制小麦-长穗偃麦草3E染色体易位系奠定了基础。

关键词: 多效唑, 多效唑, 生长, 开花, 叶绿素含量, 水仙

Abstract:

In order to inducing wheat-Th.elongatum 3E chromosome translocations, hybrid, backcross and selfcross were done between Chinese spring-Th.Elongatum 3E disomic addition line and Chinese spring-Ae.cylindrica gametocidal chromosome 2C disomic addition line. The seedset rate of hybrid was 28.19% when using Chinese spring- 2C disomic addition line as female parent, which was lower than 37.3% in hybrid of CS-3E disomic addition line × CS-2C disomic addition line (p<0.05). The seedset rate of BC1 was 38.82%, which was significant difference compared with 31.45% of F2 selfcrossed (p<0.05), indicated that the gametocidal chromosome 2C has effect on wheat-Th.elongatum 3E chromosome addition lines. The aberrations of chromosome behaviors on mitosis and meiosis were observed in F2 and BC1 plants, indicated that the gametocidal chromosome 2C was effective during the formation of gametes. These results provided a good basis for further developing wheat- Th.elongatum 3E chromosome translocation lines.