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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2010, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (19): 253-257.

所属专题： 生物技术； 马铃薯

• 植物保护 农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

放线菌MC-15发酵产物的稳定性及对马铃薯晚疫病防治的初步研究

蒋继志   

  • 收稿日期:2010-04-20 修回日期:2010-06-02 出版日期:2010-10-05 发布日期:2010-10-05
  • 基金资助:

    公益性行业（农业）科研专项（3-20）；河北省自然科学基金项目资助（C2007000191）

Preliminary research on stability of fermentation products from MC-15 strain and the control for potato late blight

  • Received:2010-04-20 Revised:2010-06-02 Online:2010-10-05 Published:2010-10-05

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810

摘要：

为明确前期筛选获得的放线菌MC-15菌株对马铃薯晚疫病的防治作用，探讨了该菌株产生抑菌物质的最佳发酵时间、抑菌产物的稳定性、以及在马铃薯离体组织上和田间控制马铃薯晚疫病的实际效果。结果显示，种子液培养5d后再扩大培养10d所获得产物的抑菌率最高（95.2%）；发酵产物经30W紫外灯垂直距离30cm照射10h后抑菌率仍保持在81.2%以上，100℃下处理60m后仍保持较高的抑菌活性（78.67%），pH6-8范围内抑菌率为92%，在室温（20-24℃）下贮藏60d后抑菌率仍达76%，连续传代10代后抑菌活性基本保持不变；人工接种马铃薯晚疫病菌后，该菌株发酵产物在马铃薯块茎切片和离体叶片上的相对保护率均达到90%以上，用该菌株发酵产物处理马铃薯种薯后，对种薯在出苗、幼苗生长、田间抗晚疫病以及经济产量方面均有显著的促进作用，与对照相比，出苗早2-4d、株高平均高出3.1cm、分枝数多1.6个、叶片数多2.1个，病情指数在21以下，相对保护率达到74%以上，相对增产率达到30%以上。MC-15菌株在田间实际控制马铃薯晚疫病有较大应用潜力。

关键词: 尿素, 尿素, 碳铵, 有机肥, 叶菜, 连续种植

Abstract:

To make it clear that the role of fermentation products from pre-screening actinomycetes MC-15 strains in potato against late blight, the best fermentation time of MC-15 strain and the stability of antifungal products, as well as the practical control effect on potato tuber slices and detached leaves, and potato plants were investigated in laboratory and field. The results showed that the fermentation products from expansion culture 10d after seed fluid was cultured for 5d had the highest inhibition rate (95.2%), the fermentation products still had strong inhibitory rate (81.2%) after exposure for 10h under 30W UV lamp at 30 cm vertical distance, and still remained 78.67% inhibitory rate after treating with 100℃ for 60min. Its most appropriate pH was 6.0-8.0 with 92% of inhibitory rate, and could be stored at room temperature (20-24℃) for 60d with 76% of inhibition rate. After continuous passage 10 generations, the antifungal activity of fermentation products from MC-15 strain remained unchanged. On both potato tuber slices and detached leaves, the fermentation products received evident protection after inoculation with Phytophthora infestans, the relative protection rate was over 90%. It was clear that treatment of seed tuber with the fermentation products could played a significant role in both promoting growth and enhancing disease resistance of potato plants, in comparison with the control, the seedlings was early 2-4d, the average height of plants was above 3.1cm, branches was more than 1.6 , leaves was more than 2.1. And the disease index was below 21 and the relative protection reached up74%, the relative increasing yield rate was more than 30%. MC-15 strain has a great potential in practical control potato late blight in field.