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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2011, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (5): 367-371.

所属专题： 园艺

• 植物保护 农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

甜瓜枯萎病拮抗细菌的筛选及大田防效试验

田永永 陈立 谢云 李茂毅 陈五岭   

  • 收稿日期:2010-08-11 修回日期:2010-09-03 出版日期:2011-03-05 发布日期:2011-03-05
  • 基金资助:

    陕西省科学院重点项目

Selection of Antagonistic Bacteria to Melon Fusarium Wilt and Their Biocontrol Effect in Fields

  • Received:2010-08-11 Revised:2010-09-03 Online:2011-03-05 Published:2011-03-05

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摘要：

本试验旨在从环境中分离甜瓜枯萎病的拮抗细菌，并通过适当的复配进行大田试验，以期为该病的生物防治提供参考。从大棚甜瓜根际土壤中分离得到116株细菌，利用平板对峙法、管碟法筛选出13株对甜瓜枯萎病病原菌具有较好拮抗作用的细菌，其中以F-1和D-3的拮抗作用最强。经形态特征和生理生化鉴定，菌株F-1和D-3均属于芽孢杆菌属。大田试验结果表明，F-1和D-3发酵液对甜瓜枯萎病的防效分别达到85.7%和81.6%，F-1和D-3混合发酵液对甜瓜枯萎病的防效达到91.8%，均极显著地高于农药组的防效（64.6%），显示出良好的防治潜力。

关键词: 木薯, 木薯, 新品种, 新选048, 选育, 应用

Abstract:

The research was about to isolate antagonistic bacteria to melon fusarium wilt and detect its effect by field trail, it established a foundation for the biological control. 116 bacterial strains were isolated from rhizosphere soil of melon. Dual culture experiments and cylinder-plate method showed that 13 bacterial strains were of obvious antibacterial activities against the melon fusarium wilt. Among them, strain F-1 and D-3 were found much more effective than the others. Based on the results of physiological and biochemical properties, both the strains F-1 and D-3 were Bacillus. When detecting its effect by field trail, fermentation broth of strain F-1 and D-3 reached 85.7% and 81.6%, respectively, the compound fermentation broth of strains F-1 and D-3 reached 91.8%.The test group had significantly higher than the control effect (64.6%) of 50% carbendazim, a chemical bactericide. The strains showed excellent biocontrol potential in fields.