Abstract: To better use peanut germplasm resources in breeding, data of agronomic characters of 300 peanut germplasm resources in Jianghuai Region were statistically analyzed, and correlation analysis and cluster analysis were conducted with SPSS 20.0 software. The results showed that among the 8 agronomic characters, the effective branch number had extremely and significantly positive correlation with the number of pods per plant; main stem height and plant productivity per plant had extremely and significantly negative correlation; main stem height and the number of pods per plant had significantly negative correlation. With the Ward method, the peanut germplasm resources could be clustered into three groups when the square Euclidean distanceD 2 was 4. The same type of peanut germplasm resources had different geographical sources. The same geographical source of peanut germplasm resources had different types. Peanut germplasm resources derived from the same type or the same geographical source had no closest genetic relationship. The agronomic characters of peanut germplasm resources in Jianghuai Region had a rich genetic diversity, and the results could provide reference for peanut breeding.