Effects of Biochar and Organic Manure Combined Application on Soil Enzyme Activities and Microbial Community Component in Upland Red Soil

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0502

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the effects of biochar and organic manure combined application on soil nutrients in dry land can provide a theoretical foundation for soil improvement. Taking the upland red soil derived from Quaternary red clay in the mid-subtropical zone as the material, we added different biochar-organic manure compost into upland red soil during indoor culture experiment to explore the variation of soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen (MBC, MBN), enzyme activities (urease, sucrase and catalase) and microbial community component. Five treatments were set up, which were control (CK, 0 g/kg), rice straw biochar-organic manure compost (RM, 50 g/kg), corn straw biochar-organic manure compost (CM, 50 g/kg), wheat straw biochar-manure compost (WM, 50 g/kg) and manure compost (M, 40 g/kg). To eliminate errors as much as possible, test data were normalized, that was the measured value minus CK value then was divided by the amount of C and N added in each treatment. The results showed that RM, CM and WM treatment significantly reduced soil MBC, MBN, urease activity and total PLFAs, and the most significance was observed in WM treatment with the decrease rates of 33.89%, 69.03%, 47.62% and 23.30% of those of M treatment. RM treatment significantly increased soil sucrase and catalase activities, with the increase rates of 91.49% and 28.94% of those of M treatment. Compared with manure compost alone, biochar-organic manure compost reduced the total soil PLFAs (-16.89%), fungal abundance (-38.17%), fungi to bacteria ratio (F/B, -40.63%), gram-negative to gram-positive bacteria ratio (G^-/G⁺, -4.3%), while increased the relative abundance of soil bacteria (+5.18%), Shannon-Wiener index (+0.38%) of soil microorganisms and soil bacterial pressure index (BSI, +11%). Principal component analysis showed that biochar-organic manure compost had a certain effect on soil microbial community component with the most obvious effect in RM treatment. In summary, the application of different materials’ biochar-organic manure compost could cause great difference in soil microbial biomass, enzyme activities and microbial community component. Our results indicate that the effect of rice straw biochar-organic manure compost treatment is the most significant, which could provide certain references for reducing greenhouse gas emission.

Key words: biochar-organic manure combined application, upland red soil, soil microbial biomass, soil enzyme activities, microbial community component

CLC Number:

S156.2

Shen Fangfang, Zhang Zhe, Yuan Yinghong, . Effects of Biochar and Organic Manure Combined Application on Soil Enzyme Activities and Microbial Community Component in Upland Red Soil[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2021, 37(18): 65-74.

Figures/Tables 8

References 45

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	CK	RM	CM	WM	M
pH	5.17	9.77	9.56	9.03	8.11
土壤有机碳/(g/kg)	12.99	350.57	357.29	355.05	407.69
土壤全氮/(g/kg)	1.42	18.78	17.75	20.46	10.82

	CK	RM	CM	WM	M
pH	5.17	9.77	9.56	9.03	8.11
土壤有机碳/(g/kg)	12.99	350.57	357.29	355.05	407.69
土壤全氮/(g/kg)	1.42	18.78	17.75	20.46	10.82