The Growth Rhythm and Genetic Variation of the F1 Hybrid Cuttings of Populus deltoids

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0773

Abstract

Abstract:

The growth rhythm and genetic variation of the cutting clones from the F₁ hybrid of poplar were investigated to provide a basis for poplar genetic improvement and high-quality germplasm resources mining. Using 30 F₁ hybrids obtained by the controlled pollination hybridization experiment with poplar ‘I-69’ as the female parent and poplar ‘I-63’ as male parent and the two parents as the research objects, we carried out a field cutting experiment to analyze the growth process and genetic variation of the seedling height and ground diameter of the experimental materials at seedling stage. Results showed that these two growth traits of the 1-year-old cuttings from the F₁hybrid of poplar were in line with the ‘S’ curve, and the Logistic growth equation could fit the dynamic growth rhythm well. The seedling height and ground diameter of different clones were significantly different (P<0.01), indicating obvious super-parental advantage and significant maternal parent effect. The repeatability, variation range, phenotypic variation coefficient, and the genetic variation coefficient of the two growth traits were 0.88 and 0.72, 125.11% and 108.94%, 23.67% and 19.97%, and 40.37% and 25.98%, respectively. The repeatability, phenotypic variation coefficient, and genetic variation coefficient of the two growth traits increased first and then decreased, while the genetic variance, environmental variance and phenotypic variance basically increased with growing months, and the contribution rate of genetic variance effect to phenotypic variance increased month by month. Based on the cluster analysis using seedling height and ground diameter as evaluation indexes, five clones with good growth performance traits were selected. The average seedling height and ground diameter of the five selected clones were 3.10 m and 19.92 mm, and the genetic gains were 12.48%-41.96% and 10.52%-21.83%, respectively. The five selected clones could be used as materials for forest production and poplar variety improvement.

Key words: Populus deltoids, F₁hybrid, Logistic growth equation, genetic variation

YAN Caixia, MIAO Tingting, LIU Junlong, WU Zhongneng, SU Xiaohua, DING Changjun, CAO Zhihua, SUN Hui. The Growth Rhythm and Genetic Variation of the F₁Hybrid Cuttings of Populus deltoids[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(5): 39-48.

Figures/Tables 10

References 36

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无性系	苗高													地径
无性系	k	a	b	R²	t₁	t₂	t	N		Pt		P_N		k		a		b		R²		t₁		t₂		t		N		Pt	P_N
Z15-1	2.32	118.93	0.0342	0.990	101	178	77	1.34		30.48		58.87		17.05		11.59		0.0200		0.955		56		188		132		9.85		52.19	62.04
Z15-2	1.95	87.04	0.0352	0.998	89	164	75	1.12		29.56		58.22		16.57		11.13		0.0201		0.995		54		185		131		9.57		51.97	61.78
Z15-3	2.39	89.20	0.0311	0.983	102	187	85	1.39		33.73		59.94		15.79		11.68		0.0178		0.986		64		212		148		9.12		58.88	65.43
Z15-4	2.98	140.46	0.0341	0.975	106	184	78	1.73		30.81		59.48		19.49		15.45		0.0208		0.993		68		195		127		11.26		50.32	62.49
Z15-5	2.09	74.42	0.0321	0.993	93	176	83	1.21		32.79		59.33		16.05		10.36		0.0189		0.996		53		192		139		9.27		55.16	62.78
Z15-6	1.75	83.55	0.0337	0.984	92	170	78	1.01		30.89		58.57		14.06		11.03		0.0187		0.989		57		198		141		8.12		55.89	63.46
Z15-8	2.58	111.31	0.0367	0.991	92	164	72	1.48		28.34		58.10		18.78		15.87		0.0229		0.995		63		177		114		10.84		45.56	60.56
Z15-9	2.93	142.24	0.0384	0.994	94	163	69	1.68		27.05		57.97		18.13		17.08		0.0267		0.996		56		155		99		10.47		39.15	58.92
Z15-11	2.56	239.42	0.0446	0.963	93	152	59	1.47		23.26		57.55		17.07		17.73		0.0285		0.990		54		146		92		9.85		36.64	58.51
Z15-13	2.11	150.66	0.0407	0.957	90	156	66	1.22		25.81		58.21		15.60		14.74		0.0247		0.985		55		162		107		9.01		42.26	59.41
Z15-14	2.48	89.99	0.0294	0.994	108	198	90	1.43		35.58		60.91		16.72		13.28		0.0221		0.977		57		176		119		9.65		47.34	60.67
Z15-15	1.64	109.88	0.0405	0.955	83	149	66	0.95		25.99		58.28		14.00		27.29		0.0375		0.977		53		123		70		8.08		27.87	57.86
Z15-16	2.34	117.74	0.0352	0.994	97	173	76	1.36		29.77		58.83		16.36		10.66		0.0202		0.981		51		182		131		9.45		51.69	61.50
Z15-17	2.70	116.45	0.0328	0.991	104	185	81	1.56		31.84		59.46		19.21		14.46		0.0199		0.993		67		200		133		11.09		52.43	63.23
Z15-19	3.79	102.02	0.0327	0.993	101	182	81	2.19		32.07		59.44		23.73		12.35		0.0187		0.990		63		204		141		13.70		55.79	64.08
Z15-20	3.07	105.18	0.0354	0.991	94	169	75	1.78		29.68		58.82		17.86		13.04		0.0227		0.995		55		171		116		10.31		46.04	60.20
Z15-21	2.41	81.92	0.0317	0.997	97	181	84	1.40		33.16		59.59		17.40		11.76		0.0177		0.986		65		214		149		10.05		59.19	65.67
Z15-22	2.78	112.47	0.0349	0.984	97	173	76	1.61		29.97		58.80		17.08		13.96		0.0239		0.989		55		165		110		9.86		43.75	59.69
Z16-1	2.99	116.91	0.0362	0.992	95	168	73	1.73		28.92		58.55		21.11		18.90		0.0254		0.993		63		167		104		12.19		41.10	59.53
Z16-3	1.85	69.87	0.0280	0.981	104	199	95	1.07		37.48		61.42		12.50		11.87		0.0222		0.958		52		170		118		7.22		47.08	59.77
无性系	苗高														地径
无性系	k	a	b	R²	t₁	t₂	t		N		Pt		P_N		k		a		b		R²		t₁		t₂		t		N	Pt	P_N
Z16-4	2.87	98.41	0.0358	0.984	91	165	74		1.66		29.16		58.32		20.00		17.63		0.0246		0.999		63		170		107		11.55	42.47	59.80
Z16-5	2.42	83.34	0.0260	0.995	119	221	102		1.40		40.20		64.60		18.00		11.65		0.0199		0.971		57		189		132		10.39	52.42	62.15
Z16-6	2.11	115.85	0.0388	0.978	88	156	68		1.22		26.79		57.90		17.22		10.69		0.0191		0.994		55		193		138		9.94	54.73	62.75
Z16-7	2.98	96.68	0.0346	0.990	94	170	76		1.71		30.12		58.49		19.81		12.89		0.0222		0.992		55		174		119		11.44	47.03	60.49
Z16-8	2.50	108.32	0.0377	0.984	89	159	70		1.44		27.68		58.18		17.35		11.99		0.0230		0.997		50		165		115		10.02	45.49	59.85
Z16-9	3.06	126.53	0.0359	0.992	98	171	73		1.76		28.96		58.41		18.63		15.14		0.0241		0.989		57		167		110		10.76	43.28	59.72
Z16-10	2.43	79.57	0.0291	0.998	105	196	91		1.40		35.99		60.80		18.25		12.74		0.0189		0.990		64		203		139		10.54	55.17	63.95
Z16-11	2.36	111.79	0.0327	0.995	104	185	81		1.37		32.13		59.66		18.26		11.98		0.0184		0.978		63		206		143		10.54	56.80	64.43
Z16-12	2.20	94.32	0.0350	0.985	92	168	76		1.28		30.03		58.76		15.36		13.20		0.0240		0.988		52		162		110		8.87	43.63	59.56
Z16-13	3.12	115.44	0.0384	0.987	89	158	69		1.80		27.21		58.10		20.73		13.18		0.0238		0.994		53		163		110		11.97	43.99	59.65

无性系	苗高													地径
无性系	k	a	b	R²	t₁	t₂	t	N		Pt		P_N		k		a		b		R²		t₁		t₂		t		N		Pt	P_N
Z15-1	2.32	118.93	0.0342	0.990	101	178	77	1.34		30.48		58.87		17.05		11.59		0.0200		0.955		56		188		132		9.85		52.19	62.04
Z15-2	1.95	87.04	0.0352	0.998	89	164	75	1.12		29.56		58.22		16.57		11.13		0.0201		0.995		54		185		131		9.57		51.97	61.78
Z15-3	2.39	89.20	0.0311	0.983	102	187	85	1.39		33.73		59.94		15.79		11.68		0.0178		0.986		64		212		148		9.12		58.88	65.43
Z15-4	2.98	140.46	0.0341	0.975	106	184	78	1.73		30.81		59.48		19.49		15.45		0.0208		0.993		68		195		127		11.26		50.32	62.49
Z15-5	2.09	74.42	0.0321	0.993	93	176	83	1.21		32.79		59.33		16.05		10.36		0.0189		0.996		53		192		139		9.27		55.16	62.78
Z15-6	1.75	83.55	0.0337	0.984	92	170	78	1.01		30.89		58.57		14.06		11.03		0.0187		0.989		57		198		141		8.12		55.89	63.46
Z15-8	2.58	111.31	0.0367	0.991	92	164	72	1.48		28.34		58.10		18.78		15.87		0.0229		0.995		63		177		114		10.84		45.56	60.56
Z15-9	2.93	142.24	0.0384	0.994	94	163	69	1.68		27.05		57.97		18.13		17.08		0.0267		0.996		56		155		99		10.47		39.15	58.92
Z15-11	2.56	239.42	0.0446	0.963	93	152	59	1.47		23.26		57.55		17.07		17.73		0.0285		0.990		54		146		92		9.85		36.64	58.51
Z15-13	2.11	150.66	0.0407	0.957	90	156	66	1.22		25.81		58.21		15.60		14.74		0.0247		0.985		55		162		107		9.01		42.26	59.41
Z15-14	2.48	89.99	0.0294	0.994	108	198	90	1.43		35.58		60.91		16.72		13.28		0.0221		0.977		57		176		119		9.65		47.34	60.67
Z15-15	1.64	109.88	0.0405	0.955	83	149	66	0.95		25.99		58.28		14.00		27.29		0.0375		0.977		53		123		70		8.08		27.87	57.86
Z15-16	2.34	117.74	0.0352	0.994	97	173	76	1.36		29.77		58.83		16.36		10.66		0.0202		0.981		51		182		131		9.45		51.69	61.50
Z15-17	2.70	116.45	0.0328	0.991	104	185	81	1.56		31.84		59.46		19.21		14.46		0.0199		0.993		67		200		133		11.09		52.43	63.23
Z15-19	3.79	102.02	0.0327	0.993	101	182	81	2.19		32.07		59.44		23.73		12.35		0.0187		0.990		63		204		141		13.70		55.79	64.08
Z15-20	3.07	105.18	0.0354	0.991	94	169	75	1.78		29.68		58.82		17.86		13.04		0.0227		0.995		55		171		116		10.31		46.04	60.20
Z15-21	2.41	81.92	0.0317	0.997	97	181	84	1.40		33.16		59.59		17.40		11.76		0.0177		0.986		65		214		149		10.05		59.19	65.67
Z15-22	2.78	112.47	0.0349	0.984	97	173	76	1.61		29.97		58.80		17.08		13.96		0.0239		0.989		55		165		110		9.86		43.75	59.69
Z16-1	2.99	116.91	0.0362	0.992	95	168	73	1.73		28.92		58.55		21.11		18.90		0.0254		0.993		63		167		104		12.19		41.10	59.53
Z16-3	1.85	69.87	0.0280	0.981	104	199	95	1.07		37.48		61.42		12.50		11.87		0.0222		0.958		52		170		118		7.22		47.08	59.77
无性系	苗高														地径
无性系	k	a	b	R²	t₁	t₂	t		N		Pt		P_N		k		a		b		R²		t₁		t₂		t		N	Pt	P_N
Z16-4	2.87	98.41	0.0358	0.984	91	165	74		1.66		29.16		58.32		20.00		17.63		0.0246		0.999		63		170		107		11.55	42.47	59.80
Z16-5	2.42	83.34	0.0260	0.995	119	221	102		1.40		40.20		64.60		18.00		11.65		0.0199		0.971		57		189		132		10.39	52.42	62.15
Z16-6	2.11	115.85	0.0388	0.978	88	156	68		1.22		26.79		57.90		17.22		10.69		0.0191		0.994		55		193		138		9.94	54.73	62.75
Z16-7	2.98	96.68	0.0346	0.990	94	170	76		1.71		30.12		58.49		19.81		12.89		0.0222		0.992		55		174		119		11.44	47.03	60.49
Z16-8	2.50	108.32	0.0377	0.984	89	159	70		1.44		27.68		58.18		17.35		11.99		0.0230		0.997		50		165		115		10.02	45.49	59.85
Z16-9	3.06	126.53	0.0359	0.992	98	171	73		1.76		28.96		58.41		18.63		15.14		0.0241		0.989		57		167		110		10.76	43.28	59.72
Z16-10	2.43	79.57	0.0291	0.998	105	196	91		1.40		35.99		60.80		18.25		12.74		0.0189		0.990		64		203		139		10.54	55.17	63.95
Z16-11	2.36	111.79	0.0327	0.995	104	185	81		1.37		32.13		59.66		18.26		11.98		0.0184		0.978		63		206		143		10.54	56.80	64.43
Z16-12	2.20	94.32	0.0350	0.985	92	168	76		1.28		30.03		58.76		15.36		13.20		0.0240		0.988		52		162		110		8.87	43.63	59.56
Z16-13	3.12	115.44	0.0384	0.987	89	158	69		1.80		27.21		58.10		20.73		13.18		0.0238		0.994		53		163		110		11.97	43.99	59.65

指标	苗高	地径	苗高t₁	苗高t₂	苗高t	地径t₁	地径t₂	地径t
苗高	1	0.898^**	0.085	-0.068	-0.192	0.334	-0.145	-0.235
地径	0.898^**	1	0.020	-0.121	-0.230	0.349	-0.258	-0.359

指标	苗高	地径	苗高t₁	苗高t₂	苗高t	地径t₁	地径t₂	地径t
苗高	1	0.898^**	0.085	-0.068	-0.192	0.334	-0.145	-0.235
地径	0.898^**	1	0.020	-0.121	-0.230	0.349	-0.258	-0.359

无性系		苗高
无性系		均值±标准差		差异性		最大值		最小值		超母本优势		超父本优势		超中亲优势	均值±标准差			差异性			最大值		最小值		超母本优势		超父本优势	超中亲优势
I-69 （母本对照）		1.87±0.16		o		2.15		1.70		-		-		-	13.16±1.09			m			14.40		11.40		-		-	-
I-63 （父本对照）		1.05±0.18		lmn		2.20		1.00		-		-		-	10.27±0.67			jkl			17.50		9.40		-		-	-
Z15-1		2.27±0.31		ghijkl		1.25		0.90		21.39		116.19		55.48	15.87±2.48			fghij			10.70		9.50		20.59		54.53	35.53
Z15-2		1.92±0.41		klmn		3.80		3.10		2.79		83.07		31.66	15.49±2.8			fghijk			27.50		17.50		17.70		50.82	32.27
Z15-3		2.31±0.42		ghijk		3.00		2.10		23.59		120.11		58.30	13.93±2.19			ijkl			19.80		12.30		5.88		35.67	18.99
Z15-4		2.91±0.39		bcd		3.20		1.40		55.35		176.67		98.97	18.01±3.25			bcdef			19.60		10.00		36.85		75.37	53.80
Z15-5		2.05±0.31		jklm		3.10		1.50		9.36		94.76		40.07	14.76±1.8			hijkl			21.40		12.40		12.16		43.72	26.05
Z15-6		1.72±0.26		mn		2.40		1.70		-8.13		63.62		17.67	12.79±1.53			klm			17.40		12.60		-2.81		24.54	9.22
Z15-8		2.55±0.35		defgh		2.00		1.15		36.36		142.86		74.66	17.9±2.93			bcdefg			14.70		9.70		36.02		74.29	52.86
Z15-9		2.9±0.25		bcd		3.10		1.90		55.08		176.19		98.63	17.77±1.74			bcdefgh			23.40		13.60		35.03		73.03	51.75
Z15-11		2.55±0.35		defgh		2.80		1.90		36.36		142.86		74.66	16.84±2.99			defghi			19.90		12.20		27.96		63.97	43.81
Z15-13		2.1±0.41		ijklm		2.95		1.90		12.30		100.00		43.84	15.16±2.69			fghijk			22.00		12.90		15.20		47.61	29.46
无性系	苗高															地径
无性系	均值±标准差		差异性		最大值		最小值		超母本优势		超父本优势		超中亲优势				均值±标准差		差异性	最大值		最小值		超母本优势		超父本优势		超中亲优势
Z15-14	2.36±0.43		fghij		2.80		1.50		25.94		124.29		61.30				15.91±2.17		efghij	21.50		12.60		20.90		54.92		35.87
Z15-15	1.63±0.29		n		2.90		1.65		-12.73		55.43		11.78				13.97±2.29		ijkl	18.60		11.80		6.16		36.03		19.30
Z15-16	2.31±0.49		ghijk		1.92		0.90		23.26		119.52		57.88				15.36±3.16		fghijk	16.10		8.90		16.72		49.56		31.17
Z15-17	2.62±0.45		cdefg		3.00		1.60		40.11		149.52		79.45				17.54±2.69		cdefgh	22.40		12.10		33.28		70.79		49.79
Z15-19	3.69±0.26		a		3.30		1.60		97.33		251.43		152.74				21.38±3.27		a	22.20		13.20		62.46		108.18		82.58
Z15-20	3.03±0.54		b		2.50		1.30		62.03		188.57		107.53				17.13±4.34		defgh	19.40		12.00		30.17		66.80		46.29
Z15-21	2.35±0.32		fghij		3.70		1.90		25.56		123.62		60.82				15.3±1.67		fghijk	21.70		10.20		16.26		48.98		30.66
Z15-22	2.73±0.27		bcdef		2.75		1.92		45.99		160.00		86.99				16.52±1.86		defghi	17.70		13.00		25.53		60.86		41.08
Z16-1	2.95±0.37		bcd		3.20		2.60		57.75		180.95		102.05				20.47±3.28		ab	20.90		14.60		55.55		99.32		74.81
Z16-3	1.74±0.29		mn		3.70		2.00		-6.75		66.07		19.43				12.08±2.09		lm	26.80		11.80		-8.24		17.58		3.12
Z16-4	2.84±0.53		bcde		2.30		1.50		51.87		170.48		94.52				19.31±2.62		abcd	16.20		9.40		46.73		88.02		64.90
Z16-5	2.16±0.18		hijkl		3.60		1.90		15.51		105.71		47.95				16.72±1.63		defghi	24.00		15.60		27.05		62.80		42.78
Z16-6	2.1±0.23		ijklm		2.30		1.30		12.30		100.00		43.84				15.84±2.06		fghij	18.30		10.30		20.36		54.24		35.27
Z16-7	2.93±0.45		bcd		2.40		1.70		56.68		179.05		100.68				18.91±3.12		abcde	20.00		12.40		43.69		84.13		61.49
Z16-8	2.48±0.36		efghi		3.70		2.40		32.50		135.98		69.71				16.73±3.44		defghi	23.30		15.20		27.15		62.93		42.90
Z16-9	3.01±0.45		bc		2.90		1.70		61.10		186.90		106.34				18.01±2.05		bcdef	20.80		12.40		36.87		75.39		53.82
Z16-10	2.31±0.35		ghijk		3.50		2.50		23.53		120.00		58.22				16.48±3.22		defghi	25.00		15.50		25.23		60.47		40.73
Z16-11	2.29±0.34		ghijk		2.90		1.50		22.46		118.10		56.85				16.36±2.84		defghi	23.70		9.90		24.32		59.30		39.71
Z16-12	2.17±0.46		hijkl		2.70		1.80		16.04		106.67		48.63				14.89±2.86		ghijkl	21.00		12.30		13.15		44.99		27.16
Z16-13	3.1±0.36		b		3.00		1.70		65.78		195.24		112.33				20.07±2.57		abc	20.00		12.10		52.51		95.42		71.39
F₁代均值	2.48±0.59																16.61±3.32

The Growth Rhythm and Genetic Variation of the F₁Hybrid Cuttings of Populus deltoids

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变异来源	自由度	苗高			地径
变异来源	自由度	均方	F值	P值	均方	F值	P值
无性系间	29	2.144	15.090	0.000 1	44.493	6.148	0.000 1
误差	258	0.142			7.236
总计	287

性状	变化范围	变幅/%	标准差	σ²_c	σ²_E	σ²_P	h²	表型变异系数/%	遗传变异系数/%
苗高	1.20~4.30	125.11	0.587	1.001	0.142	1.143	0.88	23.67	40.37
地径	9.40~27.50	108.94	3.317	18.628	7.236	25.864	0.72	19.97	25.98

月份	苗高							地径
月份	苗高均值/m	重复力	表型变异系数/%	遗传变异系数/%	遗传方差	环境方差	表型方差	地径均值/mm	重复力	表型变异系数/%	遗传变异系数/%	遗传方差	环境方差	表型方差
5	0.14	0.58	33.57	35.73	0.002	0.002	0.004	3.42	0.52	20.15	18.98	0.422	0.392	0.814
6	0.37	0.69	45.41	55.77	0.043	0.020	0.063	4.68	0.66	26.03	30.61	2.056	1.081	3.137
7	0.87	0.90	39.66	70.54	0.378	0.044	0.422	7.46	0.84	32.60	52.53	15.351	2.887	18.238
8	1.62	0.89	28.4	50.37	0.666	0.082	0.748	11.6	0.78	25.89	37.31	18.72	5.385	24.105
9	2.05	0.90	26.78	47.91	0.962	0.111	1.073	14.07	0.73	22.32	29.83	17.618	6.384	24.002
10	2.37	0.88	24.68	42.59	1.015	0.139	1.154	16.02	0.70	19.68	24.89	15.902	6.757	22.659
11	2.48	0.88	23.67	40.37	1.001	0.142	1.143	16.61	0.72	19.97	25.98	18.628	7.236	25.864

无性系	苗高/%	地径/%
Z15-19	41.96	21.83
Z16-1	16.30	17.66
Z16-4	12.48	12.35
Z16-7	15.60	10.52
Z16-13	21.50	15.83
均值	21.57	15.64

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