Abstract:

To solve the problem of quality degradation of Pyrus ussuriensis ‘Jingbaili’, the influence of pollinating P. ussuriensis varieties, fruit-setting order and orchard locations (hillside and flat orchard) on the fruit shape and weight of P. ussuriensis ‘Jingbaili’ were investigated in Beijing. The results showed that ‘Shanli’ and ‘Hanhong’ cultivars were superior for pollination compared with ‘Zimuli’, ‘Yaguangli’, and ‘Jinxiangshui’. The average fruit weight of P. ussuriensis ‘Jingbaili’ pollinated by ‘Shanli’ and ‘Hanhong’ was 113.60 and 110.80 g, respectively, and the fruit shape index of both were 0.82. Furthermore, the fruit setting rates and weight of P. ussuriensis ‘Jingbaili’ from the third to fifth order of inflorescence were higher than that at the first to second and the sixth to ninth order. The fruit weight and shape index of P. ussuriensis ‘Jingbaili’ in hillside orchard were 100.77 g and 0.82, respectively, while those in flat orchard were 125.08 g and 0.87, indicating that fruit shape index was affected by orchard locations. In summary, to maintain the typical features of P. ussuriensis ‘Jingbaili’, it is recommended to select ‘Shanli’ and ‘Hanhong’ as pollinating varieties, keeping fruits at the third to fifth order of inflorescence, and planting them in cool mountainous environment.

Key words: Pyrus ussuriensis ‘Jingbaili’, pollination varieties, fruit-setting order, fruit shape index, site condition