Effects of Irrigation Amount and Frequency on Yield and Quality of Small-fruit Watermelon in Greenhouse

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0184

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the water surface evaporation of a 20 cm evaporating dish and the water demand law of watermelon at different growth stages, the effects of irrigation amount and irrigation frequency on the growth, yield and quality of small-fruit watermelon were studied. The results showed that the stem diameter, leaf chlorophyll content, fruit yield, quality and irrigation water use efficiency of watermelon were closely related to irrigation amount and irrigation frequency. Among them, W₂F₂ (irrigation volume 75%Ep, irrigation frequency 6 d) had the best comprehensive performance. The quality indexes of watermelon fruit such as soluble solids, glucose, sucrose, fructose and lycopene content in this treatment were the highest, and the nitrate content was low; the yield reached 41247 kg/hm², which had no significant difference from W₃F₁ (irrigation volume 90%Ep, irrigation frequency 3 d) with the highest yield; the irrigation water use efficiency was 53.4 kg/m³, and there was no significant difference from the highest W₁F₁ (irrigation volume 60%Ep, irrigation frequency 3 d); other indexes were at the middle level, indicating that W₂F₂ was the best irrigation technology scheme. This study can provide theoretical and technical support for green and high-quality production of small-fruit watermelon in greenhouse.

Key words: watermelon, irrigation amount, irrigation frequency, yield, quality, irrigation water use efficiency

WANG Linchuang, LIU Lu, LI Jianming, YIN Lian, XU Wenzhao, LUO Dexu, SUN Yudong, ZHAO Jianfeng. Effects of Irrigation Amount and Frequency on Yield and Quality of Small-fruit Watermelon in Greenhouse[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(7): 33-38.

Figures/Tables 7

References 20

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处理编号	灌水量	灌溉频率/d
W₁F₁	60%Ep	3
W₁F₂		6
W₁F₃		9
W₂F₁	75%Ep	3
W₂F₂		6
W₂F₃		9
W₃F₁	90%Ep	3
W₃F₂		6
W₃F₃		9

处理编号	灌水量	灌溉频率/d
W₁F₁	60%Ep	3
W₁F₂		6
W₁F₃		9
W₂F₁	75%Ep	3
W₂F₂		6
W₂F₃		9
W₃F₁	90%Ep	3
W₃F₂		6
W₃F₃		9

处理编号	单果重/kg	纵径/cm	横径/cm	皮厚/cm	中心糖/%	边糖/%
W₁F₁	1.42ab	14.9a	13.5a	0.33a	12.7bc	10.7bc
W₁F₂	1.24ab	15.0a	13.3a	0.32a	13.1ab	11.4ab
W₁F₃	1.17b	15.0a	13.4a	0.31a	12.8abc	11.0abc
W₂F₁	1.39ab	15.1a	13.4a	0.32a	13.0ab	11.4ab
W₂F₂	1.37ab	15.1a	13.5a	0.36a	13.2a	11.6a
W₂F₃	1.33ab	14.9a	13.0a	0.34a	12.8abc	11.4ab
W₃F₁	1.47a	14.9a	13.4a	0.34a	12.5c	10.8bc
W₃F₂	1.40ab	15.6a	13.7a	0.36a	12.7bc	10.9abc
W₃F₃	1.35ab	15.7a	13.8a	0.33a	12.6c	10.5c

处理编号	单果重/kg	纵径/cm	横径/cm	皮厚/cm	中心糖/%	边糖/%
W₁F₁	1.42ab	14.9a	13.5a	0.33a	12.7bc	10.7bc
W₁F₂	1.24ab	15.0a	13.3a	0.32a	13.1ab	11.4ab
W₁F₃	1.17b	15.0a	13.4a	0.31a	12.8abc	11.0abc
W₂F₁	1.39ab	15.1a	13.4a	0.32a	13.0ab	11.4ab
W₂F₂	1.37ab	15.1a	13.5a	0.36a	13.2a	11.6a
W₂F₃	1.33ab	14.9a	13.0a	0.34a	12.8abc	11.4ab
W₃F₁	1.47a	14.9a	13.4a	0.34a	12.5c	10.8bc
W₃F₂	1.40ab	15.6a	13.7a	0.36a	12.7bc	10.9abc
W₃F₃	1.35ab	15.7a	13.8a	0.33a	12.6c	10.5c

处理	葡萄糖/(μmol/g)	蔗糖/(mg/g)	果糖/(mg/g)	番茄红素/(mg/kg)	可溶性蛋白/(mg/g)	硝酸盐/(mg/kg)
W₁F₁	299.5ab	29.5ab	69.7abc	5.6a	5.4a	95.6a
W₁F₂	317.6a	35.2ab	72.6ab	6.0a	4.6a	94.1a
W₁F₃	301.8ab	32.4ab	69.4abc	5.8a	4.1a	93.7a
W₂F₁	304.3ab	33.7ab	71.0abc	4.9a	5.3a	96.0a
W₂F₂	320.3a	37.9a	74.6a	6.2a	4.4a	88.5a
W₂F₃	304.8ab	34.5ab	67.6abc	4.3a	4.0a	92.3a
W₃F₁	273.9b	32.6ab	62.3c	4.6a	4.9a	96.0a
W₃F₂	292.2ab	35.0ab	66.6abc	5.7a	4.7a	87.3a
W₃F₃	284.8b	26.6b	64.1bc	5.1a	4.4a	94.5a