Abstract:

The aim of this study is to explore wheat sowing methods suitable for moderate to mild saline alkali soil conditions. Using ‘Qingmai 6’ as the experimental variety, three planting methods were compared: traditional flat sowing (CK), double row furrow sowing (T₁), and three row furrow sowing (T₂). The effects of furrow sowing on the fluorescence dynamics parameters and yield of ‘Qingmai 6’ were studied. The research results showed that the furrow planting method significantly increased the soil moisture content and nutrient content of soil total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium in the same soil layer. In terms of leaf fluorescence kinetics parameters, the photochemical efficiency of all treated wheat flag leaves (ΦPSII), electron transfer efficiency (ETR), and photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) all showed an increasing trend, while the effective photochemical quantum yield (Fv'/Fm') showed a decreasing trend, with T₂ treatment showing the smallest decrease. The mathematical model of grain filling indicated that T₂ treatment was superior to other treatments in terms of maximum filling rate and duration of filling. In terms of yield components, there was a significant difference in the number of panicles per hectare between the furrow sowing treatment and the flat sowing treatment, while there was no significant difference in the number of grains per panicle and thousand grain weight. Compared with CK treatment, the yield of T₁ treatment increased by 7.53%, and the yield of T₂ increased by 12.06%. In summary, furrow sowing is a suitable method for planting wheat in saline alkali soil, especially the three row furrow sowing (T₂) is the optimal planting mode.

Key words: medium and mild saline alkali soil, planting methods, soil nutrients, winter wheat, fluorescence kinetics parameters, yield