Abstract:

Taking Zhenyuan County of Gansu Province as a representative research area, based on the latest meteorological data and mathematical statistics, this paper analyzes the characteristics of spring low temperature, frost days, degree of frost damage, and orchard damage in the Longdong area of Gansu Province. The results show that although the annual average temperature in Longdong continues to show a warming trend in spring, the extreme minimum temperature in spring is gradually decreasing, and the degree of late frost damage is increasing. Especially since 2010, the late frost end time has been delayed, and the degree of fruit tree frost damage has intensified. Frost has become the most influential disaster factor in the forestry and fruit industry; the low temperature and frost in the spring of Longdong are mainly concentrated in April each year, with the latest delay until late May. Different degrees of frost will occur at different times throughout April, and April is during the flowering and fruiting period of various local forests and fruits, with the largest apple orchard suffering the most severe damage from disasters; whitening the tree body, spraying water on the canopy, irrigating the forest, and spraying antifreeze cannot effectively prevent frost damage during the flowering period, especially severe frost damage, through measures such as delaying the flowering period; The meteorological disaster prevention and reduction monitoring and early warning platform has built a ‘virtual protection network' for Longdong orchards, with a scientific frost prevention model of ‘one orchard, one temperature, one countermeasure’, reducing the impact of late frost damage on the Longdong fruit industry; The perforated smoking bucket and fire wall developed by the Meteorological Science Research Institute of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region are popular among fruit farmers due to their low cost, self-produced raw materials, and convenient operation. They are currently the best way to smoke and prevent frost.

Key words: Longdong, orchard, spring late frost freezing, characteristics, defense measures