Abstract:

Rice is not only an important food crop in our country but also a primary source of food for over 3 billion people worldwide. In recent decades, various pests and diseases, climate change and other adverse factors have posed a serious threat to rice production and global food security, leading to an increasing demand for high-yield and disease-resistant rice varieties. Traditional breeding methods are cumbersome and inefficient. Against this backdrop, gene editing technology has gradually become a research focus in the field of disease-resistant rice breeding. Gene editing technology has evolved through three generations: from zinc finger nucleases (ZFN) and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) to the CRISPR gene editing system, and derived technologies such as single base editing and guided editing systems. This article reviews the latest research progress both domestically and internationally, systematically summarizing the applications of CRISPR-Cas gene editing technology in the resistance studies of rice blast, sheath blight, rice false smut, bacterial blight, bacterial leaf streak and rice black streaked dwarf disease. It provides an in-depth analysis of the current application status in rice disease-resistant breeding and forecasts future development prospects, aiming to offer new ideas and methods for rice disease-resistant breeding while also providing references for further development of gene editing technology.

Key words: gene editing, rice, disease-resistant breeding, CRISPR-Cas9, signal transduction mechanism, gene knockout