Abstract: Top soil samples(0～20cm) from the main vanilla plantations in Hainan Province were analysed. The results showed that pH values in 79.31％ orchards were unsuitable for vanilla growth, and soil organic matter in 31.03％ plantations were lower, plantations lacked available macro-nutrient P, K and N were 79.31％, 48.28％ and 27.59％, respectively; Plantations lacked available second nutrients Ca and Mg were 96.55％ and 100％, and plantations lacked available micro- nutrients Cu and B were 10.34％and 100％. However, plantations contained excessive available micro-nutrients Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn were 100％, 96.55％, 55.18％ and 96.55％, respectively. Therefore, Some scientific and reasonable measurements should be planed, such as, more organic manure, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium fertilizer application, especially, boron fertilizer in order to meet the needs of soil for trace elements. Most plantations should be implemented a reasonable application of lime to soil acidity because of vanilla sensitive to soil pH, and government and agricultural department should pay more attention to propagandize and carry out balanced fertilization investigation.