Ear and Kernel Moisture and Dry-down Rate of Two Groups of Maize Hybrids in Huanghuaihai Area

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19010018

Abstract

Abstract:

The cob, bract and kernel moisture and their rate of dehydration of major commercial hybrids were compared to obtain valuable information for crop management and breeding of fast kernel dehydration hybrids. Data were collected from seven major commercial corn hybrids in Huanghuaihai area using two sampling schemes: the multi-point continuous sampling (every third day) and three key time points sampling [kernel physical maturity (M), 10 days after M (M+10 d) and 20 days after M (M+20 d)], and the seven hybrid cultivars could be divided into two groups represented by ‘Zhengdan 958’ and ‘Xianyu 335’, which were 985 group (‘Zhengdan 958’, ‘Weike 702’ and ‘Zhongke 11’) and 335 group (‘Xianyu 335’, ‘Denghai 605’, ‘Yufeng 303’ and ‘Nonghua 101’). There was no obvious difference in the two groups of hybrid cultivars before physiological maturity, from M to M+20 d, the water content in grain of 335 group decreased from 32.0% to 22.6%, which could fit by y=-0.6757x+69.59. While that of 958 group decreased slowly from 34.1% to 28.2%, and could fit by y=0.0078x ²-1.3481x+85.065. From M to M+20 d, the content in cob of 335 group decreased from 59.0% to 45.3% with a decreasing range of 13.7%, while that of 958 group decreased from 71.0% to 59.1% with a decreasing range of 11.9%. 335 group had rather thick bract with fewer plies, longer kernel, fast water desorption. The results showed that 335 group is more suitable for mechanization harvest.

Key words: maize, kernel moisture, dehydration rate, cob, bract

CLC Number:

S513

Xu Guoping, Wang Aifang, Song Jinli, Wang Aifen, Li Ting, Yi Li, Wang Yibo. Ear and Kernel Moisture and Dry-down Rate of Two Groups of Maize Hybrids in Huanghuaihai Area[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(12): 18-25.

Figures/Tables 7

杂交种	审定年份	籽粒含水量/%			籽粒脱水速率/(%/d)
杂交种	审定年份	M	M+10d	M+20d	M至M+10 d	M+10 d至M+20 d
郑单958	2000	33.980	29.360	27.450	0.462	0.191
伟科702	2011	33.500	29.600	29.350	0.390	0.025
中科11	2006	34.910	30.680	27.860	0.423	0.282
先玉335	2004	33.305	24.000	21.060	0.930	0.294
农华101	2010	30.283	24.800	23.200	0.548	0.160
裕丰303	2015	31.850	25.200	22.590	0.665	0.261
登海605	2010	32.557	26.180	23.550	0.638	0.263
均值		32.912	27.117	25.009	0.579	0.211
变幅		30.283~34.910	24.000~30.680	21.060~29.350	0.390~0.930	0.025~0.294
间距		4.627	6.680	8.290	0.540	0.269

分组数(NCL+1)	2	3	4	5	6
半偏R方(SPRSQ)	0.7971	0.0979	0.049	0.0305	0.0129
伪F统计量(PSF)	19.6	17.1	16.9	19.1	15.7
伪t方(PST2)	19.6	3.2	3.9	2.4

性状	时期	$y ? 958$	$y ? 335$	$y ? 958 - y ? 335$	$s y ? 958 - y ? 335$	t value
籽粒含水量/%	M	34.130	31.999	2.132	0.837	2.546
	M+10 d	29.880	25.045	4.835	0.635	7.618^**
	M+20 d	28.220	22.600	5.620	0.811	6.932^**
籽粒脱水速率/(%/d)	M至M+10 d	0.425	0.695	-0.270	0.099	-2.735^*
籽粒脱水速率/(%/d)	M+10 d至M+20 d	0.166	0.245	-0.079	0.072	-1.094
穗轴含水量/%	M	70.952	59.093	11.859	3.527	3.362^*
	M+10 d	64.454	50.051	14.402	4.328	3.328^*
	M+20 d	59.062	45.276	13.786	5.317	2.593^*
苞叶含水量/%	M	13.336	21.014	-7.678	1.502	-5.112^**
	M+10 d	14.880	15.013	-0.133	2.667	-0.050
	M+20 d	14.521	12.229	2.293	0.682	3.359^*

性状	时期	$y ? 958$	$y ? 335$	$y ? 958 - y ? 335$	$s y ? 958 - y ? 335$	t value
籽粒含水量/%	M	34.130	31.999	2.132	0.837	2.546
	M+10 d	29.880	25.045	4.835	0.635	7.618^**
	M+20 d	28.220	22.600	5.620	0.811	6.932^**
籽粒脱水速率/(%/d)	M至M+10 d	0.425	0.695	-0.270	0.099	-2.735^*
籽粒脱水速率/(%/d)	M+10 d至M+20 d	0.166	0.245	-0.079	0.072	-1.094
穗轴含水量/%	M	70.952	59.093	11.859	3.527	3.362^*
	M+10 d	64.454	50.051	14.402	4.328	3.328^*
	M+20 d	59.062	45.276	13.786	5.317	2.593^*
苞叶含水量/%	M	13.336	21.014	-7.678	1.502	-5.112^**
	M+10 d	14.880	15.013	-0.133	2.667	-0.050
	M+20 d	14.521	12.229	2.293	0.682	3.359^*

性状	$y ? 958$	$y ? 335$	$y ? 958 - y ? 335$	$s y ? 958 - y ? 335$	t值
苞叶层数	7.27	6.50	0.77	0.46	1.66
单层苞叶厚度/cm	0.109	0.127	-0.018	0.006	-3.032*
穗长/cm	17.867	19.050	-1.183	1.154	-1.025
穗粗/cm	4.933	4.950	-0.017	0.126	-0.132
轴粗/cm	2.514	2.448	0.066	0.090	0.731
粒长/cm	1.210	1.251	-0.041	0.024	-1.720
粒宽/cm	0.858	0.780	0.078	0.019	4.172**

性状	$y ? 958$	$y ? 335$	$y ? 958 - y ? 335$	$s y ? 958 - y ? 335$	t值
苞叶层数	7.27	6.50	0.77	0.46	1.66
单层苞叶厚度/cm	0.109	0.127	-0.018	0.006	-3.032*
穗长/cm	17.867	19.050	-1.183	1.154	-1.025
穗粗/cm	4.933	4.950	-0.017	0.126	-0.132
轴粗/cm	2.514	2.448	0.066	0.090	0.731
粒长/cm	1.210	1.251	-0.041	0.024	-1.720
粒宽/cm	0.858	0.780	0.078	0.019	4.172**

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