Biological Characteristics of Gerbera Root Rot Pathogen and Field Screening of Efficient Fungicides in Sanming of Fujian Province

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0273

Abstract

Abstract:

To clarify the biological characteristics of Fusarium oxysporum, the pathogen of gerbera root rot in Sanming, Fujian Province, the effects of temperature, pH, light, carbon and nitrogen sources on the mycelial growth of the root rot pathogen were determined by mycelial growth rate method, and the field control effects of 11 tested pesticides were tested to screen safe and effective fungicides against gerbera root rot. The results showed that the optimum growth temperature of pathogen was 25℃. It prefers alkaline environment, and the optimum pH value for mycelial growth is pH 8. Light had no significant effect on mycelial growth, and the optimum carbon and nitrogen sources were glucose and peptone, respectively. The results of field experiments showed that 3% metalaxyl-hymexazol AS, 100 billion cfu/g Bacillus compound WP and 300 million cfu/g Trichoderma harzianum WP had good control effects on root rot, and the control effects were more than 75%. Among them, 3% metalaxyl-hymexazol AS 800 times solution had the best control effect, and the control effect was 81.41% after 21 d of application. Clarifying the biological characteristics of the pathogen of gerbera root rot and screening safe and efficient fungicides in the field will provide theoretical support for the safe production and cultivation of gerbera and the comprehensive prevention and control of gerbera root rot.

Key words: Gerbera jamesonii, root rot, Fusarium oxysporum, biological characteristics, screening of fungicides

CHEN Wenle. Biological Characteristics of Gerbera Root Rot Pathogen and Field Screening of Efficient Fungicides in Sanming of Fujian Province[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(28): 107-111.

Figures/Tables 6

References 25

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药剂	稀释倍数	7 d		14 d		21 d
药剂	稀释倍数	病情指数	防治效果/%	病情指数	防治效果/%	病情指数	防治效果/%
3%甲霜灵·恶霉灵	800	4.22±0.38g	81.28±2.73a	4.89±0.38j	80.98±2.26a	5.78±0.77i	81.41±2.50a
1000亿cfu/g的复合芽孢杆菌（护根灵）	1000	4.67±0.67hi	79.29±3.98ab	5.33±0.67ij	79.22±3.42ab	6.44±0.38hi	79.21±2.22a
3亿cfu/g的哈茨木霉菌（稼可安）	800	5.11±0.38fgh	77.38±2.51abc	5.78±0.38ij	77.53±2.23abc	7.11±0.38h	77.06±2.33ab
6%寡糖·链蛋白（阿泰灵）	800	5.56±0.38fgh	75.48±1.49abcd	6.44±0.38hi	75.01±0.66bcd	8.44±0.38g	72.77±2.55bc
50%多菌灵	1500	5.78±0.77fgh	74.52±2.89bcd	7.11±0.77gh	72.44±2.23cd	8.89±0.38g	71.41±0.94bc
80%乙蒜素	800	6.22±0.77fg	72.62±2.06cd	7.78±1.02fg	69.88±3.15de	10.22±0.77f	67.07±3.30cd
3%中生菌素	500	6.67±0.67ef	70.54±3.25de	8.67±0.67ef	66.32±3.21ef	11.11±0.38ef	64.21±2.49de
100万cfu/g的寡雄腐霉（多利维生）	3000	7.56±0.38e	66.55±3.51e	9.56±0.38e	62.85±2.97f	12.22±0.77ef	60.57±4.33e
53.8%氢氧化铜（可杀得2000）	1500	11.11±1.02d	50.86±5.50f	13.78±1.02d	46.51±4.23g	17.56±0.38d	43.50±2.24f
75%肟菌酯·戊唑醇（拿敌稳）	1500	12.44±0.38c	44.97±4.03g	15.78±0.77c	38.75±3.39h	20.44±0.38c	34.15±4.00g
250 g/L丙环唑	1500	15.56±0.38b	31.28±3.08h	18.89±0.38b	26.61±4.41i	23.78±0.77b	23.34±6.61h
CK		22.67±1.15a		25.78±1.02a		31.11±1.68a

药剂	稀释倍数	7 d		14 d		21 d
药剂	稀释倍数	病情指数	防治效果/%	病情指数	防治效果/%	病情指数	防治效果/%
3%甲霜灵·恶霉灵	800	4.22±0.38g	81.28±2.73a	4.89±0.38j	80.98±2.26a	5.78±0.77i	81.41±2.50a
1000亿cfu/g的复合芽孢杆菌（护根灵）	1000	4.67±0.67hi	79.29±3.98ab	5.33±0.67ij	79.22±3.42ab	6.44±0.38hi	79.21±2.22a
3亿cfu/g的哈茨木霉菌（稼可安）	800	5.11±0.38fgh	77.38±2.51abc	5.78±0.38ij	77.53±2.23abc	7.11±0.38h	77.06±2.33ab
6%寡糖·链蛋白（阿泰灵）	800	5.56±0.38fgh	75.48±1.49abcd	6.44±0.38hi	75.01±0.66bcd	8.44±0.38g	72.77±2.55bc
50%多菌灵	1500	5.78±0.77fgh	74.52±2.89bcd	7.11±0.77gh	72.44±2.23cd	8.89±0.38g	71.41±0.94bc
80%乙蒜素	800	6.22±0.77fg	72.62±2.06cd	7.78±1.02fg	69.88±3.15de	10.22±0.77f	67.07±3.30cd
3%中生菌素	500	6.67±0.67ef	70.54±3.25de	8.67±0.67ef	66.32±3.21ef	11.11±0.38ef	64.21±2.49de
100万cfu/g的寡雄腐霉（多利维生）	3000	7.56±0.38e	66.55±3.51e	9.56±0.38e	62.85±2.97f	12.22±0.77ef	60.57±4.33e
53.8%氢氧化铜（可杀得2000）	1500	11.11±1.02d	50.86±5.50f	13.78±1.02d	46.51±4.23g	17.56±0.38d	43.50±2.24f
75%肟菌酯·戊唑醇（拿敌稳）	1500	12.44±0.38c	44.97±4.03g	15.78±0.77c	38.75±3.39h	20.44±0.38c	34.15±4.00g
250 g/L丙环唑	1500	15.56±0.38b	31.28±3.08h	18.89±0.38b	26.61±4.41i	23.78±0.77b	23.34±6.61h
CK		22.67±1.15a		25.78±1.02a		31.11±1.68a