Optimization of Extraction Process of Garlic Straw by Response Surface Method and Determination of Acaricidal Toxicity of the Crude Extract

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0241

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to strengthen the comprehensive utilization of farmland waste garlic straw, application of different organic solvents for the crude extraction of garlic straw, evaluation of the extraction effect of different solvents, and the acaricidal activity of the extracts were determined. Taking the extraction temperature, time, extraction frequency, and solid-liquid ratio as the influencing factors and the quality of crude extract of garlic straw as the result index, the single factor test was carried out, and the extraction process was optimized by response surface method. The results indicated that the mass of crude extract was 3.54 g when 95% ethanol was used as the extraction solvent, which showed a better effect than acetone, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, petroleum ether, and ether. The garlic straw extract had acaricidal activity. The optimal extraction condition was: extraction temperature of 33℃, extraction time of 50 min, extraction frequency of 5 times, solid-liquid ratio of 10:1, and the dissolution amount of crude extract obtained by the optimal extraction condition was 3.68 g. The indoor toxicity test on Tetranychus urticae Koch and Tetranychus viennensis Zacher was conducted. The results showed that the LC₅₀ of Tetranychus urticae was 5.9403 g/L and that of Tetranychus viennensis was 5.1001 g/L. The crude extract of garlic straw extracted by the optimized process showed good acaricidal activity. This paper will provide certain reference for the comprehensive utilization of farmland waste garlic straw.

Key words: garlic straw, biological pesticide, response surface method, extraction process, indoor toxicity test<br

ZHAO Xiangjie, YUAN Binqiao, HUANG Tianxiang, GENG Shubao, ZHANG Jinyong, TU Hongtao. Optimization of Extraction Process of Garlic Straw by Response Surface Method and Determination of Acaricidal Toxicity of the Crude Extract[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(8): 99-105.

Figures/Tables 12

References 21

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溶剂	粗提物质量/g
丙酮	1.11c
乙酸乙酯	1.55c
95%乙醇	3.54a
正己烷	2.53b
石油醚	1.48c
乙醚	1.34c

溶剂	粗提物质量/g
丙酮	1.11c
乙酸乙酯	1.55c
95%乙醇	3.54a
正己烷	2.53b
石油醚	1.48c
乙醚	1.34c

溶剂	毒力回归方程	LC₅₀/(g/L)	95%置信限	SE(B)	相关系数
95%乙醇	y=3.2591x+2.2421	7.0179	5.3587~10.5801	0.3020	0.8750
丙酮	y=3.7488x+0.9644	11.9264	8.6683~35.7779	1.079	0.9779
正己烷	y=4.5535x+1.0863	7.2359	6.0952~8.2115	0.7424	0.9965
石油醚	y=3.6146x+2.3620	5.3677	4.3755~10.0782	0.5465	0.8815
乙酸乙酯	y=5.4510x+0.0178	8.2035	7.4797~9.5454	0.8727	0.9636
乙醚	y=3.8225x+2.0366	5.9603	4.5842~13.6520	0.5826	0.8556

溶剂	毒力回归方程	LC₅₀/(g/L)	95%置信限	SE(B)	相关系数
95%乙醇	y=3.2591x+2.2421	7.0179	5.3587~10.5801	0.3020	0.8750
丙酮	y=3.7488x+0.9644	11.9264	8.6683~35.7779	1.079	0.9779
正己烷	y=4.5535x+1.0863	7.2359	6.0952~8.2115	0.7424	0.9965
石油醚	y=3.6146x+2.3620	5.3677	4.3755~10.0782	0.5465	0.8815
乙酸乙酯	y=5.4510x+0.0178	8.2035	7.4797~9.5454	0.8727	0.9636
乙醚	y=3.8225x+2.0366	5.9603	4.5842~13.6520	0.5826	0.8556

因素	水平
因素	-1	0	1
A温度/℃	25	30	35
B时间/min	40	60	80
C次数/次	3	4	5
D料液比/(g/mL)	1:5	1:10	1:15