Abstract:

The paper aims to study the effects of exogenous bioactive substances on the fruit quality of ‘Black Monukka’ grape, and to provide a reference basis for the production of high-quality fruit of Xinjiang table grapes and the research and development of fruit quality control technology. Taking ‘Black Monukka’ as the test material, five kinds of bioactive substances, including iron dihydroporphyrin, chitosan, rape lactone, gamma-aminobutyric acid and plant source enzyme nutrient solution, were used for fruit surface spraying process from the fruit expansion period to color-turning period, with water treatment as a control (CK), and determine the quality indicators, such as spike weight, grain weight, soluble solids, hardness, tensile, chromatism and dehiscent fruit rate, etc, during the fruit ripening period. The results showed that the spike weight, spike length, spike width and grain weight of ‘Black Monukka’ grape under the treatment of plant source enzyme nutrient solution were higher than those of CK, reaching 968.42 g, 25.82 cm, 15.83 cm and 4.49 g, respectively, and the differences among them reached a significant level. The soluble solids content of ‘Black Monukka’ grape was significantly increased by 12.30% and 19.14% compared with CK under the treatment of rape lactone and plant source enzyme nutrient solution, respectively. Plant source enzyme nutrient solution was beneficial to the color formation and reduction of fruit cracking rate of ‘Black Monukka’ grapes. ‘Black Monukka’ grapes under the treatment of plant source enzyme nutrient solution had the lowest fruit cracking rate of 20.00% after 24 h of immersion, which was reduced by 77.77% compared with that of CK. The fruit surface spraying treatment with plant derived enzyme nutrient solution from the fruit expansion stage to the color change stage could help to improve the quality of ‘Black Monukka’ grapes.

Key words: Vitis vinifera, bioactive substance, quality, soluble solids, plant source enzyme nutrient solution