Effects of Reducing Biochar Based Fertilizer Application on Rice Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Cost-benefit in Middle-low Yield Field

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0798

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the application potential of biochar based fertilizer to increase the yield and income of rice production in middle-low yield field, field plot experiments were conducted in Yangxin and Shashi area of Hubei Province. The effects of no fertilization (CK), customary fertilization (F), customary fertilization + biochar (FB), biochar based fertilizer (BF1), biochar based fertilizer reduction of 10% (BF2) and biochar based fertilizer reduction of 20% (BF3) on rice yield, nutrient uptake and cost-benefit were studied. The results showed that the application of biochar based fertilizer increased rice yield and straw biomass, and BF1 treatment significantly increased rice yield compared with F treatment, which increased by 11.09% and 9.51% in middle and low yield fields, respectively. Biochar based fertilizer treatment promoted the nutrient uptake of rice, the above-ground N and P accumulations of rice treated with BF1 and BF2 were higher than those treated with F. At the same time, compared with F treatment, BF1 and BF2 treatment significantly improve the apparent recovery rates of N, P and K in middle yield field and the apparent recovery rates of P and K in low yield field. And, BF2 treatment had the highest apparent recovery rate of N (38.99%) in middle yield field, which was 29.41% higher than that of F treatment. In addition, BF1 and BF2 treatments increased the income of rice planting in middle-low yield fields, among which BF1 treatment had the highest income, with an increase of 560.7 yuan/hm² and 1460.3 yuan/hm² compared with F treatment in low and middle yield fields, respectively. In conclusion, the application of 0%-10% reduction of biochar based fertilizer can improve rice yield and fertilizer use efficiency, and increase farmers’ planting income, which is suitable for rice production in middle-low yield field.

Key words: rice, biochar based fertilizer, medium-low yield field, nutrient uptake, fertilizer use efficiency

XIAO Zhuoxi, ZHANG Zhi, LIU Donghai, QIAO Yan, LI Shitao, HU Cheng. Effects of Reducing Biochar Based Fertilizer Application on Rice Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Cost-benefit in Middle-low Yield Field[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(11): 123-131.

Figures/Tables 7

References 25

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地点	土壤类型	pH	有机质/(g/kg)	碱解氮/(mg/kg)	有效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)
沙市	潜育水稻土	6.51	31.72	193.68	10.21	226.76
阳新	潴育水稻土	6.20	22.04	103.30	13.97	109.92

地点	土壤类型	pH	有机质/(g/kg)	碱解氮/(mg/kg)	有效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)
沙市	潜育水稻土	6.51	31.72	193.68	10.21	226.76
阳新	潴育水稻土	6.20	22.04	103.30	13.97	109.92

处理	基肥					分蘖肥	穗肥
处理	尿素(N 46%)	过磷酸钙(P₂O₅ 12%)	氯化钾(K₂O 60%)	生物炭	生物炭基肥料	尿素(N 46%)	尿素(N 46%)
CK	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
F	391.3	1500.0	360.0	0.0	0.0	234.8	156.5
FB	391.3	1500.0	360.0	6000.0	0.0	234.8	156.5
BF1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1920.0	234.8	156.5
BF2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1728.0	211.3	140.9
BF3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1536.0	187.8	125.2

处理	基肥					分蘖肥	穗肥
处理	尿素(N 46%)	过磷酸钙(P₂O₅ 12%)	氯化钾(K₂O 60%)	生物炭	生物炭基肥料	尿素(N 46%)	尿素(N 46%)
CK	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
F	391.3	1500.0	360.0	0.0	0.0	234.8	156.5
FB	391.3	1500.0	360.0	6000.0	0.0	234.8	156.5
BF1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1920.0	234.8	156.5
BF2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1728.0	211.3	140.9
BF3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1536.0	187.8	125.2

地点	处理	有效穗数	每穗粒数	结实率/%	千粒重/g	产量/(t/hm²)	秸秆生物量/(t/hm²)
沙市	CK	5.33±1.20 b	192.23±8.17 a	85.47±2.30 a	25.44±0.93 a	5.15±0.26 d	4.15±0.22 c
	F	10.11±2.04 a	150.73±11.38 b	88.18±1.93 a	26.72±0.48 a	7.85±0.23 bc	6.44±0.13 ab
	FB	9.89±2.22 a	161.57±23.46 b	85.27±2.92 a	26.35±0.73 a	7.80±0.21 c	6.41±0.26 ab
	BF1	10.11±0.19 a	161.10±12.30 b	86.37±3.66 a	26.37±0.39 a	8.60±0.21 a	6.97±0.29 a
	BF2	10.33±2.33 a	153.67±18.46 b	85.06±1.46 a	26.00±0.55 a	8.33±0.28 ab	6.85±0.39 a
	BF3	9.67±1.53 a	161.43±19.91 b	84.97±4.40 a	25.78±1.14 a	7.87±0.19 bc	6.22±0.47 b
阳新	CK	11.22±2.01 c	181.88±17.39 b	86.51±6.31 a	25.77±0.75 a	8.67±0.17 c	6.35±0.55 c
	F	13.33±1.73 bc	206.55±24.94 ab	83.78±0.40 a	26.29±0.77 a	9.85±0.45 b	8.16±0.85 ab
	FB	14.67±1.53 bc	206.13±24.08 ab	84.35±1.77 a	25.73±0.95 a	10.10±0.31 b	7.54±0.73 abc
	BF1	17.00±1.20 a	223.00±17.85 ab	80.40±5.02 a	25.49±0.66 a	10.94±0.26 a	8.78±0.75 a
	BF2	16.00±2.00 ab	234.75±19.81 a	80.34±4.26 a	25.62±0.86 a	10.27±0.54 ab	7.76±0.77 ab
	BF3	16.00±1.15 ab	229.82±25.06 a	80.09±4.87 a	25.80±0.64 a	9.75±0.55 b	7.18±0.35 bc