Study on Soil Nutrient Characteristics and Spatial Differentiation in Green Rice Growing Areas of Jilin Province: Comprehensive Evaluation Based on Multi-index Geographic Information System

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0170

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the spatial heterogeneity of soil nutrients and their underlying mechanisms in green food rice cultivation areas of Jilin Province, this study systematically analyzed the soil nutrient characteristics of 42 green food rice cultivation areas using a multi-indicator geographic information system (GIS) based comprehensive evaluation approach. The spatial distribution patterns and interactive mechanisms of soil pH, organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), cation exchange capacity (CEC) and C/N ratio were investigated using Kriging and inverse distance weighting (IDW) spatial interpolation techniques combined with Pearson correlation analysis. The results showed that significant spatial heterogeneity in soil nutrients crossed the study area. The central region, characterized by fertile black soils, exhibited higher fertility levels with higher OM (mean 34.69 g/kg), TN (mean 1.79 g/kg) and CEC [mean 21.9 cmol(+)/kg]. In contrast, the western saline-alkali soil region displayed alkaline pH (mean pH 8.5) and higher AK (mean 207.68 mg/kg) but lower OM. The eastern mountainous area showed reduced AP (mean 40.03 mg/kg) and AK levels, along with a higher C/N ratio (mean 10.51), which were associated with severe soil erosion. Correlation analysis showed that organic matter was highly significantly positively correlated with total nitrogen (r=0.986，P<0.01), available potassium was significantly positively correlated with CEC (r=0.597，P<0.01), while pH was highly significantly negatively correlated with both organic matter and total nitrogen (P<0.01). Based on this, a zonal optimization management strategy was proposed: potassium supplementation to improve saline-alkali land in the west, phosphorus control to prevent loss in the east, and balanced nutrient supply to maintain fertility in the middle. The research results could directly guide the precise fertilization practice in the green rice production areas of Jilin Province, and have important application value for optimizing regional soil management, improving rice yield and quality, and achieving sustainable development.

Key words: soil nutrient, spatial differentiation, geographic information system (GIS), precision fertilization, rice-growing area of Jilin Province

YANG Qiuping, PAN Peng, LIU Yingzi, DING Yang, YANG Dong, MIAO Yu, SUN Han. Study on Soil Nutrient Characteristics and Spatial Differentiation in Green Rice Growing Areas of Jilin Province: Comprehensive Evaluation Based on Multi-index Geographic Information System[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(28): 87-93.

Figures/Tables 4

References 25

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项目	pH	有机质/(g/kg)	全氮/(g/kg)	有效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)	阳离子交换量/[cmol(+)/kg]	C/N
极小值	4.6	6.02	0.32	3.71	1.92	52.1	4.01
极大值	10	213	9.38	19.07	252	710	51.9
全距	5.4	206.98	9.06	15.36	250.08	657.9	47.89
均值	7.23	34.69	1.79	10.51	40.03	207.68	21.9
标准差	1.21	36.7	1.65	2.09	61.28	123.9	9.96

项目	pH	有机质/(g/kg)	全氮/(g/kg)	有效磷/(mg/kg)	速效钾/(mg/kg)	阳离子交换量/[cmol(+)/kg]	C/N
极小值	4.6	6.02	0.32	3.71	1.92	52.1	4.01
极大值	10	213	9.38	19.07	252	710	51.9
全距	5.4	206.98	9.06	15.36	250.08	657.9	47.89
均值	7.23	34.69	1.79	10.51	40.03	207.68	21.9
标准差	1.21	36.7	1.65	2.09	61.28	123.9	9.96

	pH	有机质	全氮	有效磷	速效钾	阳离子交换量	C/N
pH	1
有机质	-0.584^**	1
全氮	-0.564^**	0.986^**	1
有效磷	-0.337^**	0.059	0.108	1
速效钾	-0.152	0.145	0.199^*	0.434^**	1
阳离子交换量	-0.409^**	0.427^**	0.438^**	0.201^*	0.597^**	1
C/N	-0.475^**	0.480^**	0.375^**	-0.034	-0.029	0.370^**	1

	pH	有机质	全氮	有效磷	速效钾	阳离子交换量	C/N
pH	1
有机质	-0.584^**	1
全氮	-0.564^**	0.986^**	1
有效磷	-0.337^**	0.059	0.108	1
速效钾	-0.152	0.145	0.199^*	0.434^**	1
阳离子交换量	-0.409^**	0.427^**	0.438^**	0.201^*	0.597^**	1
C/N	-0.475^**	0.480^**	0.375^**	-0.034	-0.029	0.370^**	1