Analysis of Hybridization Effects Between Oujiang Color Common Carps with Different Body Colors and Wild Common Carp

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2015-0120

Abstract

Abstract:

The aims of this study were to investigate the growth performance, coloration, blood biochemical indicators, and nutritional quality differences among the hybrid combinations of four selective lines of Oujiang color common carp (Cyprinus carpio var. color) with different body colors and wild common carp (Cyprinus carpio), and to provide a theoretical foundation for development of the complete set lines breeding in common carp and the further germplasm utilization in Oujiang color common carp. A nested breeding design was employed to construct hybrid combinations by using the four selective lines of Oujiang color common carp with different body colors ("Quanhong," "Mahua," "Fenyu," and "Fenhua") as the female parents and wild common carp as the male parent. The growth performance of the hybrid offspring was evaluated by the same pool polyculture marker, and the countable traits of the external morphology were counted. The number and size of pigment cells were assessed using microscopic observation method, and the expression profiles of the color-related genes were tested using fluorescence quantitative PCR technology. The blood biochemical indices under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions were measured with an automatic biochemical analyzer. The amino acid composition and content in dorsal muscles were measured by an amino acid automatic analyzer, and fatty acid profiles and contents were quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The hybrid combination of "Fenyu"♀ × common carp♂ exhibited significant growth advantages, with significantly higher of the final weight, absolute growth rate and specific growth rate than the other combinations (P<0.05) and with the lowest coefficient of variation in body weight and the highest survival rate. No significant differences (P>0.05) were observed in the 12 countable morphological traits across the four hybrid combinations. All hybrids exhibited gray coloration which was similar to the male parent, but the "Fenyu"♀ × common carp♂ combination had the significantly highest number of melanocytes and the fewest number of erythrophore (P<0.05) compared to the other combinations. The expression levels of two melanogenesis-related genes (Tyrp1, Slc24a5) and two carotenoid-related genes (Bco1, Scarb1) did not show significant differences (P>0.05) among the skin tissues of the four hybrid combinations. The obvious fluctuation was observed in relative blood biochemical indices among the four hybrid combinations under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions; however, the "Fenyu"♀ × common carp♂ combination exhibited notably higher survival rates under hypoxic stress than the other combinations. The six key flavor amino acids contributed more than 46% of the total amino acids in the four combinations, and the "Quanhong"♀ × common carp♂ combination showed significantly higher crude fat content and total DHA + EPA levels than the other combinations (P<0.05). The "Fenyu" selective line of Oujiang color common carp exhibits strong compatibility and maternal effects in hybridization, and is a good genetic material for conducting the complete set lines breeding in common carp.

Key words: Oujiang color common carp, hybridization, growth performance, body color, nutritional quality

ZHANG Penghui, ZENG Chunxiao, KE Jing, CHEN Xiaowen, WANG Jun, YAN Xin, CHEN Liting, WANG Chenghui. Analysis of Hybridization Effects Between Oujiang Color Common Carps with Different Body Colors and Wild Common Carp[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(29): 146-156.

Figures/Tables 11

References 36

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基因	正向引物(5′-3′)	反向引物(5′-3′)
18S rRNA	GAGTATGGTTGCAAAGCTGAAAC	AATCTGTCAATCCTTTCCGTGTCC
Scarb1	GAGTGGGTACATTGATGCCC	GGGGATCATCCTTCCTACAT
Bco1	GATGTGACAGGCTCCATCCC	CTTGCAGGGATCTGGATAAACC
Slc24a5	CAGCGGTCTGGTCTTCATG	TCGGGAACAATCCCATCCG
Tyrp1	TGTGACACCAGAAGGTCTGC	CGAAGTGGCCATCGTTCTCT

基因	正向引物(5′-3′)	反向引物(5′-3′)
18S rRNA	GAGTATGGTTGCAAAGCTGAAAC	AATCTGTCAATCCTTTCCGTGTCC
Scarb1	GAGTGGGTACATTGATGCCC	GGGGATCATCCTTCCTACAT
Bco1	GATGTGACAGGCTCCATCCC	CTTGCAGGGATCTGGATAAACC
Slc24a5	CAGCGGTCTGGTCTTCATG	TCGGGAACAATCCCATCCG
Tyrp1	TGTGACACCAGAAGGTCTGC	CGAAGTGGCCATCGTTCTCT

	粉玉♀×野鲤♂	全红♀×野鲤♂	麻花♀×野鲤♂	粉花♀×野鲤♂
放养规格/g	20.66±4.00	19.24±3.41	20.95±4.36	20.99±4.34
试验末体重/g	275.18±111.28^a	219.07±106.19^b	219.43±100.22^b	230.31±131.55^b
变异系数/%	40.43	48.47	45.67	57.12
成活率/%	76.35	66.88	65.10	72.11
绝对增重率/(g/d)	1.02^a	0.80^b	0.80^b	0.84^b
特定增重率/(%/d)	1.04^a	0.98^b	0.94^b	0.96^b

	粉玉♀×野鲤♂	全红♀×野鲤♂	麻花♀×野鲤♂	粉花♀×野鲤♂
放养规格/g	20.66±4.00	19.24±3.41	20.95±4.36	20.99±4.34
试验末体重/g	275.18±111.28^a	219.07±106.19^b	219.43±100.22^b	230.31±131.55^b
变异系数/%	40.43	48.47	45.67	57.12
成活率/%	76.35	66.88	65.10	72.11
绝对增重率/(g/d)	1.02^a	0.80^b	0.80^b	0.84^b
特定增重率/(%/d)	1.04^a	0.98^b	0.94^b	0.96^b

	粉玉♀×野鲤♂	全红♀×野鲤♂	麻花♀×野鲤♂	粉花♀×野鲤♂
单位面积黑色素细胞数量/个	65.77±12.07^a	42.80±6.93^c	58.00±11.73^b	42.83±6.18^c
黑色素细胞大小/μm²	2426.5±441.03^a	1926.66±414.06^b	1594.18±457.58^b	2768.63±678.70^a
单位面积红色素细胞数量/个	15.84±4.29^c	18.54±5.59^b	22.58±7.77^a	22.67±8.81^a
红色素细胞大小/μm²	97.31±35.24^a	98.34±32.56^a	79.07±24.59^b	78.92±22.34^b