Effects of Mulch Drip Irrigation on Growth, Yield, and Water Consumption Characteristics of Cotton in Northern Xinjiang

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0242

Abstract

Abstract:

This study investigated the effects of irrigation quotas under mulch drip irrigation on cotton growth, water consumption characteristics and yield, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for water saving, yield increase, and efficiency improvement in cotton production in northern Xinjiang. A field experiment was conducted from 2022 to 2024, with four irrigation quotas: 30.0 mm (I20), 37.5 mm (I25), 45.0 mm (I30), and 52.5 mm (I35). The effects of different irrigation quotas on cotton growth, water consumption patterns, and yield were analyzed. The results showed that plant height increased with higher irrigation quotas, reaching the maximum under I30 and I35 treatments. Leaf area index (LAI) and relative chlorophyll content (SPAD) showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, reaching the peak during I30 treatment. The water consumption at each growth stage increased with higher irrigation quotas, and the crop coefficient gradually rose. The seed cotton yield and lint yield showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of irrigation quota, among them, the yield under I30 treatment was the highest, with average values of 5535.35 kg/hm² and 2348.42 kg/hm² respectively. A fitting analysis between water consumption and yield indicated that the optimal water consumption range was 491.93-571.61 mm. A comprehensive evaluation showed that the I30 treatment achieved the highest scores across all three growing seasons. In conclusion, the I30 treatment can achieve optimal cotton yield under drip irrigation in northern Xinjiang. This study provides a theoretical basis for water-saving and high-yield cotton cultivation in the region.

Key words: cotton, mulch drip irrigation, water consumption characteristics, yield, water use efficiency

YU Qiuyue. Effects of Mulch Drip Irrigation on Growth, Yield, and Water Consumption Characteristics of Cotton in Northern Xinjiang[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(36): 43-50.

Figures/Tables 8

References 25

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年份	处理	指标	播种-出苗	出苗-现蕾	现蕾-开花	开花-吐絮	吐絮-收花	全生育期
2022	持续天数/d		6	53	18	38	29	144
	I20	耗水量/mm	9.19	100.19	64.66	115.87	36.48	326.39
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.53	1.89	3.59	3.05	1.26	2.38
		耗水模数/%	2.82	30.70	19.81	35.50	11.18	/
	I25	耗水量/mm	10.01	116.60	83.85	128.98	40.67	380.11
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.67	2.20	4.66	3.39	1.40	2.77
		耗水模数/%	2.63	30.68	22.06	33.93	0.11	/
	I30	耗水量/mm	9.77	140.18	100.47	150.08	45.46	445.96
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.63	2.64	5.58	3.95	1.57	3.23
		耗水模数/%	2.19	31.43	22.53	33.65	0.10	/
	I35	耗水量/mm	11.30	172.03	113.04	170.58	55.02	521.97
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.88	3.25	6.28	4.49	1.90	3.81
		耗水模数/%	2.16	32.96	21.66	32.68	0.11	/
2023	持续天数/d		8	44	25	30	28	135
	I20	耗水量/mm	13.20	82.00	97.74	113.79	52.29	359.02
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.65	1.86	3.91	3.79	1.87	2.66
		耗水模数/%	3.68	22.84	27.22	31.69	14.56	/
	I25	耗水量/mm	13.76	90.99	117.78	143.35	66.01	431.90
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.72	2.07	4.71	4.78	2.36	3.20
		耗水模数/%	3.19	21.07	27.27	33.19	0.15	/
	I30	耗水量/mm	13.79	125.31	131.89	175.96	76.45	523.40
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.72	2.85	5.28	5.87	2.73	3.88
		耗水模数/%	2.63	23.94	25.20	33.62	0.15	/
	I35	耗水量/mm	10.22	139.15	148.29	205.92	98.03	601.60
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.28	3.16	5.93	6.86	3.50	4.46
		耗水模数/%	1.70	23.13	24.65	34.23	0.16	/
2024	持续天数/d		8	45	28	34	23	138
	I20	耗水量/mm	6.93	46.86	115.12	119.47	66.07	354.45
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	0.87	1.04	4.11	3.51	2.87	2.57
		耗水模数/%	1.96	13.22	32.48	33.71	18.64	/
	I25	耗水量/mm	8.04	71.84	130.86	150.51	85.39	446.64
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.01	1.60	4.67	4.43	3.71	3.13
		耗水模数/%	1.80	16.08	29.30	33.70	0.19	/
	I30	耗水量/mm	9.86	80.50	158.68	184.75	104.40	538.19
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.23	1.79	5.67	5.43	4.54	3.90
		耗水模数/%	1.83	14.96	29.48	34.33	0.19	/
	I35	耗水量/mm	14.55	107.44	178.59	216.21	108.02	624.81
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.82	2.39	6.38	6.36	4.70	4.53
		耗水模数/%	2.33	17.20	28.58	34.60	0.17	/

年份	处理	指标	播种-出苗	出苗-现蕾	现蕾-开花	开花-吐絮	吐絮-收花	全生育期
2022	持续天数/d		6	53	18	38	29	144
	I20	耗水量/mm	9.19	100.19	64.66	115.87	36.48	326.39
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.53	1.89	3.59	3.05	1.26	2.38
		耗水模数/%	2.82	30.70	19.81	35.50	11.18	/
	I25	耗水量/mm	10.01	116.60	83.85	128.98	40.67	380.11
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.67	2.20	4.66	3.39	1.40	2.77
		耗水模数/%	2.63	30.68	22.06	33.93	0.11	/
	I30	耗水量/mm	9.77	140.18	100.47	150.08	45.46	445.96
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.63	2.64	5.58	3.95	1.57	3.23
		耗水模数/%	2.19	31.43	22.53	33.65	0.10	/
	I35	耗水量/mm	11.30	172.03	113.04	170.58	55.02	521.97
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.88	3.25	6.28	4.49	1.90	3.81
		耗水模数/%	2.16	32.96	21.66	32.68	0.11	/
2023	持续天数/d		8	44	25	30	28	135
	I20	耗水量/mm	13.20	82.00	97.74	113.79	52.29	359.02
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.65	1.86	3.91	3.79	1.87	2.66
		耗水模数/%	3.68	22.84	27.22	31.69	14.56	/
	I25	耗水量/mm	13.76	90.99	117.78	143.35	66.01	431.90
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.72	2.07	4.71	4.78	2.36	3.20
		耗水模数/%	3.19	21.07	27.27	33.19	0.15	/
	I30	耗水量/mm	13.79	125.31	131.89	175.96	76.45	523.40
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.72	2.85	5.28	5.87	2.73	3.88
		耗水模数/%	2.63	23.94	25.20	33.62	0.15	/
	I35	耗水量/mm	10.22	139.15	148.29	205.92	98.03	601.60
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.28	3.16	5.93	6.86	3.50	4.46
		耗水模数/%	1.70	23.13	24.65	34.23	0.16	/
2024	持续天数/d		8	45	28	34	23	138
	I20	耗水量/mm	6.93	46.86	115.12	119.47	66.07	354.45
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	0.87	1.04	4.11	3.51	2.87	2.57
		耗水模数/%	1.96	13.22	32.48	33.71	18.64	/
	I25	耗水量/mm	8.04	71.84	130.86	150.51	85.39	446.64
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.01	1.60	4.67	4.43	3.71	3.13
		耗水模数/%	1.80	16.08	29.30	33.70	0.19	/
	I30	耗水量/mm	9.86	80.50	158.68	184.75	104.40	538.19
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.23	1.79	5.67	5.43	4.54	3.90
		耗水模数/%	1.83	14.96	29.48	34.33	0.19	/
	I35	耗水量/mm	14.55	107.44	178.59	216.21	108.02	624.81
		耗水强度/(mm/d)	1.82	2.39	6.38	6.36	4.70	4.53
		耗水模数/%	2.33	17.20	28.58	34.60	0.17	/

年份	处理	衣分/%	籽棉产量/(kg/hm²)	皮棉产量/(kg/hm²)	WUE/(kg/m³)
2022	I20	44.10±1.01a	5078.65±131.40b	2239.60±13.66b	1.56±0.04a
	I25	44.87±0.97a	5089.00±159.17b	2283.30±14.72b	1.34±0.04b
	I30	45.80±1.01a	5519.00±154.51a	2527.65±144.87a	1.24±0.03c
	I35	44.15±1.08a	5370.70±18.35a	2371.35±160.80a	1.03±0.00d
2023	I20	40.63±0.58a	3993.95±90.68c	1623.45±11.62c	1.11±0.03b
	I25	39.33±0.80ab	4998.85±90.53b	1966.80±126.21b	1.16±0.02a
	I30	38.87±0.87b	5634.30±89.15a	2191.55±94.54a	1.08±0.02c
	I35	39.73±0.67ab	5124.65±123.79b	2030.40±73.17ab	0.85±0.02d
2024	I20	44.18±0.83a	4216.00±135.38c	1862.60±78.84c	1.19±0.04a
	I25	43.00±1.12a	4794.25±113.08b	2061.45±98.37b	1.07±0.03b
	I30	42.66±0.68a	5452.75±108.46a	2326.05±78.72a	1.01±0.02c
	I35	43.33±0.59a	5270.50±115.13a	2283.65±109.00a	0.84±0.02d

年份	处理	衣分/%	籽棉产量/(kg/hm²)	皮棉产量/(kg/hm²)	WUE/(kg/m³)
2022	I20	44.10±1.01a	5078.65±131.40b	2239.60±13.66b	1.56±0.04a
	I25	44.87±0.97a	5089.00±159.17b	2283.30±14.72b	1.34±0.04b
	I30	45.80±1.01a	5519.00±154.51a	2527.65±144.87a	1.24±0.03c
	I35	44.15±1.08a	5370.70±18.35a	2371.35±160.80a	1.03±0.00d
2023	I20	40.63±0.58a	3993.95±90.68c	1623.45±11.62c	1.11±0.03b
	I25	39.33±0.80ab	4998.85±90.53b	1966.80±126.21b	1.16±0.02a
	I30	38.87±0.87b	5634.30±89.15a	2191.55±94.54a	1.08±0.02c
	I35	39.73±0.67ab	5124.65±123.79b	2030.40±73.17ab	0.85±0.02d
2024	I20	44.18±0.83a	4216.00±135.38c	1862.60±78.84c	1.19±0.04a
	I25	43.00±1.12a	4794.25±113.08b	2061.45±98.37b	1.07±0.03b
	I30	42.66±0.68a	5452.75±108.46a	2326.05±78.72a	1.01±0.02c
	I35	43.33±0.59a	5270.50±115.13a	2283.65±109.00a	0.84±0.02d

年份	处理	D⁺	D^-	综合得分/分	排序
2022	I20	0.906	0.422	0.422	4
	I25	0.710	0.71	0.445	3
	I30	0.233	0.233	0.926	1
	I35	0.699	0.699	0.445	2
2023	I20	0.805	0.588	0.422	4
	I25	0.632	0.506	0.445	3
	I30	0.445	0.846	0.655	1
	I35	0.605	0.572	0.486	2
2024	I20	0.789	0.584	0.426	2
	I25	0.729	0.376	0.340	4
	I30	0.460	0.832	0.644	1
	I35	0.679	0.486	0.417	3