Effects of Coupling of Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilization on Photosynthesis, Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield of Maize

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0520

Abstract

Abstract:

The aim was to explore the regulation mechanism of different coupling ratio of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer application on photosynthesis, transpiration rate, chlorophyll value, dry matter accumulation characteristic and yield of maize. In this research, using the corn variety of ‘Yuyu 22’ as research material, a split plot design field experiment was carried out in dryland areas of Gansu Province in 2022. Three irrigation application amount treatments of 3150 m³/hm² (W₁), 3825 m³/hm² (W₂) and 4500 m³/hm² (W₃) were set as the main plot, and three nitrogen application amount treatments of 0 (N₀), 272 kg/hm² (N₁) and 320 kg/hm² (N₂) were set as the split plot. Photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, chlorophyll value, dry matter accumulation characteristic and yield at the growth period of maize were determined. The results showed that under a reduction of 15% in irrigation amount during growth, compared with the W₂N₀ and W₂N₂ treatments, the photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and chlorophyll value under the W₂N₁ treatment were increased by 30.91%, 13.53% and 39.78%, 26.46% and 32.33%, 9.21%, respectively. The maximum growth rate of dry matter in W₂N₁ treatment was 7.5 and 3.7 days later than that in W₂N₀ and W₂N₂ treatments, respectively. The Vmax of W₂N₁ treatment was 11.25% and 4.24% higher than that of W₂N₀ and W₂N₂ treatment, respectively. Compared with W₂N₀ and W₂N₂ treatments, the biological yield and grain yield of maize with the W₂N₁ treatment were increased by 29.97%, 5.15% and 48.61%, 10.78%, respectively. The conclusion showed that the treatment with application coupling of irrigation and nitrogen (i.e. reduction of 15% irrigation amount during growth with 3825 m³/hm² and reduction of 15% N application amount with 272 kg/hm² at growth stage) could be considered as the best cultivation pattern management, which could provide technical guidance for further exploring for water-saving and fertilizer-saving and high yield and efficient cultivation of agriculture in the dryland areas.

Key words: coupling of irrigation and fertilizer, dryland areas, dry matter accumulation, maize, yield, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, chlorophyll value

CHEN Zhaohui, WEI Tingbang. Effects of Coupling of Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilization on Photosynthesis, Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield of Maize[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2025, 41(4): 1-9.

Figures/Tables 8

References 33

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月份	平均高温/℃	平均低温/℃	能见度/km	风速/(km/h)	总降雨量/mm
1	2.0	-12.0	33.3	6.7	3.1
2	1.0	-13.0	36.8	7.6	4.7
3	14.0	-2.0	35.9	10.5	6.7
4	18.0	1.0	33.5	10.1	2.8
5	22.0	5.0	38.0	10.3	41.1
6	26.0	12.0	30.5	9.8	41.5
7	27.0	13.0	30.7	9.4	66.8
8	25.0	15.0	29.5	8.0	473.8
9	21.0	7.0	29.0	8.1	8.3
10	14.0	1.0	30.0	7.2	47.8
11	9.0	-5.0	29.9	6.6	0.0
12	-0.0	-14.0	31.1	5.5	0.0

月份	平均高温/℃	平均低温/℃	能见度/km	风速/(km/h)	总降雨量/mm
1	2.0	-12.0	33.3	6.7	3.1
2	1.0	-13.0	36.8	7.6	4.7
3	14.0	-2.0	35.9	10.5	6.7
4	18.0	1.0	33.5	10.1	2.8
5	22.0	5.0	38.0	10.3	41.1
6	26.0	12.0	30.5	9.8	41.5
7	27.0	13.0	30.7	9.4	66.8
8	25.0	15.0	29.5	8.0	473.8
9	21.0	7.0	29.0	8.1	8.3
10	14.0	1.0	30.0	7.2	47.8
11	9.0	-5.0	29.9	6.6	0.0
12	-0.0	-14.0	31.1	5.5	0.0

处理	基肥				追肥
处理	有机肥	氮肥	磷肥	钾肥	大喇叭口期	开花期
W₁N₀	3000	0.0	200	80	0.0	0.0
W₁N₁	3000	81.6	200	80	163.2	27.2
W₁N₂	3000	96.0	200	80	192.0	32.0
W₂N₀	3000	0.0	200	80	0.0	0.0
W₂N₁	3000	81.6	200	80	163.2	27.2
W₂N₂	3000	96.0	200	80	192.0	32.0
W₃N₀	3000	0.0	200	80	0.0	0.0
W₃N₁	3000	81.6	200	80	163.2	27.2
W₃N₂	3000	96.0	200	80	192.0	32.0

处理	基肥				追肥
处理	有机肥	氮肥	磷肥	钾肥	大喇叭口期	开花期
W₁N₀	3000	0.0	200	80	0.0	0.0
W₁N₁	3000	81.6	200	80	163.2	27.2
W₁N₂	3000	96.0	200	80	192.0	32.0
W₂N₀	3000	0.0	200	80	0.0	0.0
W₂N₁	3000	81.6	200	80	163.2	27.2
W₂N₂	3000	96.0	200	80	192.0	32.0
W₃N₀	3000	0.0	200	80	0.0	0.0
W₃N₁	3000	81.6	200	80	163.2	27.2
W₃N₂	3000	96.0	200	80	192.0	32.0

处理	5月	6月	7月	8月	总计
W₁	490	700	1400	560	3150
W₂	595	850	1700	680	3825
W₃	700	1000	2000	800	4500