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Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 12-20.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0335

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Selection of Year-round High-yield and High-quality Varieties of Rapeseed Flowering Stalk in Erhai Lake Basin

XUE Jiahui1(), ZHANG Shuntao1(), WANG Jiangtao1,2, WANG Yunzhen3, ZHANG Bokai1, WANG Rui4, CONG Wenfeng1()   

  1. 1 National Key Laboratory of Nutrient Resource Efficient Utilization/ National Academy of Green Agricultural Development/ College of Resources and Environment, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193
    2 College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000
    3 Yunnan Agricultural University, , Kunming 650201
    4 Yunnan University, , Kunming 650091
  • Received:2025-04-26 Revised:2025-08-15 Online:2026-03-18 Published:2026-03-18

Abstract:

This study aims to explore the year-round high-value cropping model in the Erhai Basin and to screen high-yielding vegetable-use rapeseed cultivars suitable for year-round cultivation, thereby providing support for the development of regional green and high-value agriculture. Nine double-low Brassica napus cultivars were used as experimental materials, and field trials were conducted in the small-spring season (November 5, 2022) and the large-spring season (July 1, 2023). Data on growth period, yield, quality, and nutrient accumulation were collected and analyzed. The results showed that the growth period of vegetable-use rapeseed differed significantly between seasons, with the small-spring season being 66-98 days longer than the large-spring season. The yield of rapeseed flowering stalk was generally higher in the small-spring season than in the large-spring season, with ‘Xiziyuan No.2’ (26.3 t/hm2) and ‘Dadi 95’ (25.2 t/hm2) having the highest yields in the small-spring season, while ‘Dadi 95’ (16.1 t/hm2) had the highest yield in the large-spring season. The main yield-contributing factors were leaf number (41.29%) in the large-spring season and single-stalk weight (43.38%) in the small-spring season. Agronomic traits such as single-stalk weight, stalk length, stalk diameter, and leaf number were all superior in the small-spring season compared with the large-spring season. The grading results of rapeseed flowering stalks showed that the proportion of first-grade stalks was consistent with the yield performance. Nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation were significantly higher in the small-spring season than in the large-spring season, with the superior cultivars being ‘Xiziyuan No.2’ and ‘Dadi 95’, while ‘Dadi 95’ performed best in the large-spring season. Comprehensive analysis indicated that year-round cultivation of vegetable-use rapeseed can be achieved in the Erhai Basin, with higher yield and quality in the small-spring season compared with the large-spring season. ‘Xiziyuan No.2’ and ‘Dadi 95’ showed outstanding performance and are suitable for annual promotion, providing technical support for the development of local green and high-value agriculture.

Key words: Erhai Lake basin, vegetable-use rapeseed variety, yield, nutrient uptake, appearance quality, economic performance