Abstract: The manpower capital is an important productive factor in the modern agricultural development. The article analyzes the change of Taiwanese agricultural manpower capital since 1980's and its relations to the agricultural development based on such three indexes as education, sex and age from the official data followly, and then point that it should value the rural occupation education, face the rural social security and the aged problem, develop the rural economy, speed the little town construction and push forward inner transfer of the rural surplus labor force as the main apocalypses in Mainland China.