Current issue

• 2006 Vol.22 No.4 Published:05 April 2006

  目次

  Therapeutic Effects of SPG on Serum Lipid Levels in Mice Hua Song, Jia Zhansheng, Wu Hao, Li Rong, Jiang Yali, Zhang Yong 2006, 22 (4):  1-1.  Abstract + ( 1582 )   PDF ( 148970KB )   ( 534 ) In order to study the effects of sweet-potato glycoprotein (SPG)on the serum lipid levels in mice, a group of mice models of hyperlipidemia were set up by basic diet and 8.0% lard , then divided into 4 groups equally, the first group, which was control group , were fed on basic diet , the another three groups were fed on basic diet with 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% SPG respectively. The concentrations of serum lipid were detected by full automatic biochemical analysis instrument every other 15 days. The results showed that basic diet containing 1.0% SPG could obviously reduce the concentration of serum total cholesterol(TC) within 15 days, and the concentration of triglycercles(TG) within 30 days, besides these,the basic diet containing 1.5% SPG could lower the both TG and TC levels significantly. So SPG has effects on decreasing the blood lipids concentration.

  Analysis on the Conten of Calcium and Phosphor of Gushi Eggshell During Incubation Period Li Guoxi, Kang Xiangtao, Tian Yadong, Qin Zhao, Sun Guirong, Han Ruili, Huang Yanqun, Zhu Xuejun, Li Xiaofa 2006, 22 (4):  4-4.  Abstract + ( 1524 )   The Calcium and Phosphorus contents of Gushi chicks eggshells were determined during incubation period,the results showed:the change of Calcium and Phosphoeus contents in the shell appeared its different regularity conditions.During 0~6day the content of the two elements had not obvious change.Since the 12th day,the content of Calcium decreased suddenly and lasted to the 21th day by gradual increasing tendency;while the content of Phosphorus had obvious change from the 9th day, and came to the maximun at 12 day-age,and decreased gradually following.and hold the line during 18~21 day-age;Meanwhile,theproportions of Phosphorus and calcium of eggshell appeared regularly change during incubation.

  A Preliminary Study on the Efficacies of Anionic Salts in Dry Cows Liu Taiyu, Liu Qinghua, Nie Furong, Liu Yang, Zhou Guiping 2006, 22 (4):  8-8.  Abstract + ( 1420 )   PDF ( 156602KB )   ( 459 ) Ten cows in the late drying period were chosen to determine the conditions needed for anionic salts to produce effects upon dry cows. Urine pH levels were easily reachable at which anionic salts were efficacious with fresh cob-harvested cornstalk and wheat straw as voluminous feedstuffs, but hardly with Shala stalk and alfalfa hay. The amounts of addition of anionic salts varied with voluminous feedstuffs, ranging from 440-500 g/day per head for fresh cob-harvested cornstalk and alfalfa hay to 440 g/day per head for wheat straw. The added anionic salts were divided into two parts, one mixed with concentrates and the other dissolved in water to be sprayed on voluminous feedstuffs before being fed to cows, to avoid the influence of anionic salts upon feed intake.

  Effects of Glutamine on the Growth Performance and Diarrhoea of Early Weaned Piglets Gao Chunsheng,, Wang Yanling, Yang Guoyu, Li Hongji, Wang Yueying,, Zhu Heshui 2006, 22 (4):  12-12.  Abstract + ( 1484 )   PDF ( 126520KB )   ( 520 ) 76 piglets(divided into 4 groups, 19 piglets each group ) were used to investigate the effects of glutamine on the growth performance and diarrhoea of piglets weaned at 28±2 days. The results showed that: The ADG of groups supplied with glutamine increased [The group of 1.2%Gln obviously increased (P<0.05)]. The ADFI of groups supplied with glutamine decreased (P＞0.05). The feed conversion rate of groups supplied with glutamine decreased [The group of 1.2%Gln obviously increased (P<0.05)]. The diarrnhoea rate, diarrhoea frequency and mortality of groups supplied with glutamine also decreased compared with the control group (P＞0.05). The results suggested that the weaned diet with the addition of glutamine could improve feed conversion rate and the performance of early piglets, reduce the rate of diarrhoea and mortality.

  A Review of Dietary Ployunsaturated Fatty Acid on Milk Conjugated Linoleic Acid Synthesis Bu Deng pan, Wang Jiaqi 2006, 22 (4):  15-15.  Abstract + ( 2094 )   PDF ( 250249KB )   ( 885 ) Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) refers to a group of geometric and positional isomers of linoleic acid (cis-9, cis-12 octadecadienoic acid). The richest sources of CLA in the human diet are ruminant origin, and milk and milk products are the predominat source. Studies with animal models have demonstrated diverse range of beneficial health effects and CLA is the only fatty acid shown unequivocally to inhibit carcinogenesis in experimental animals. In the following sections we will provide background on CLA’s biosyntheisis in dairy cows, and discuss recent developments of the effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid on milk CLA content.

  The Research about Adaptability and Genetic Characteristic of the Yubei Small Tail Sheep Ma Fashun, Yang Qianfeng 2006, 22 (4):  22-22.  Abstract + ( 1386 )   PDF ( 177664KB )   ( 664 ) 140 small tail sheep were selected in the north of Henan. They were observed on the sheep's appearance science and behavior science, and were measured on the growth and physiology target, were investigated on the genetic characteristic, were known about the situation on the fecundity and disease etc. The Study show: The small tail sheep breed characteristic is outstanding, the adaptability is strong, the small tail sheep bear the extensive feeding，the anti- disease dint is high, growing and growth quickly，have a good production on mutton, have steady heredity function, etc. But they still exist some shortcoming, for example growth not tidy, the wool yield is not high, the wool quality is worse, and so on.

  An Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Detection of Chloramphenicol in Animal Tissues Wang Yiqin, BaoYonggan, Hu Lieshan, Jing Wenkui, Liu Caixia 2006, 22 (4):  26-26.  Abstract + ( 1981 )   PDF ( 171231KB )   ( 648 ) An enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was established for the detection of chloramphenicol in animal tissues. After ethyl acetate extraction and mixture of n-heane clean-up, a specific antibody(rabbit anti-CAP), enzyme labeled CAP (enzyme conjugate) and CAP standard or sample were added to the pre-coated wells followed by a single incubation step. The specific antibodies were bound by the immobillised antibodies and at the same time free CAP (present in the standard solution or sample) and enzyme conjugated CAP compete for the CAP antibody binding site (competitive enzyme immunoassay). After an incubation time of 1 hour, the non-bound (enzyme labelled) reagents were removed in a washing step. Bound enzyme conjugate transformed the colourless chromogen into a coloured product by the addition of a chromogen substrate (TMB). The substrate reaction was stopped by the addition of sulphuric acid. The colcour intensity was measured photometrically at 450 nm. The optical density was inversely proportional to the CAP concentration in the sample. As a result, the calibration curve should be virtually liner in the range of 0.025~2ng/ml. The limit of detection of the ELISA was 0.02 μg/kg. The rate of recovery was about 78.2%.

  The Serology Investigation of Swine Fever Epidemiology in Hunan Wang Binfeng, Liu Zengzai, Dai Rongsi, Liu Yi 2006, 22 (4):  33-33.  Abstract + ( 1629 )   PDF ( 137932KB )   ( 529 ) It was carried on the swine fever antibody examination of 953 serums and the swine fever antigen examination of 305 cases (farms) by ELISA on the Hunan Province scale pig farms. The result indicated the unvaccined pigs’ antibody positive rate is only 2%, the immunity pigs’antibody positive rate is 55.59%; 305 cases (farms), its swine fever antigen positive rate is 61.97%.

  RNA Interference and Its Application for Plants Zhao Mingmin, Zhao Jian, Guo Yongqing, Li Guojun 2006, 22 (4):  36-36.  Abstract + ( 1606 )   PDF ( 124624KB )   ( 737 ) RNA interference (RNAi) is a post-transcriptional gene-silencing phenomenon induced by double-stranded RNA. It turns out to be conserved among eukaryotes and can be compared to the immune system. With further study on the molecular mechanism, RNAi will play even important role in plant gene function analysis, genetic improvement of crop plants and antiviral research.

  Genetic Transformation of somatic embryos viaAgrobacterium tumefaciens in Soybean Wang Xiaochun,, Wang Gang, Wang Ping, Ji Jing, Liu Shangqian 2006, 22 (4):  40-40.  Abstract + ( 1542 )   PDF ( 179807KB )   ( 748 ) Somatic embryos of 6 different soybean were transformed by Agrobacterium tumefaciens , The resistant plants to kanamycin were obtained. 5 positive plants were obtained among them by PCR , These positive plantlets were further analyzed by dot blotting and PCR-Southern blotting. These results demonstrated that the target gene had been transformed into the soybean genome.

  High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits Variations and Expressions in Synthesized Polyploid Wheat and It’s Progentiors Yang Lin, Li Xia, Liu Dengcai 2006, 22 (4):  44-44.  Abstract + ( 2071 )   PDF ( 175095KB )   ( 650 ) Four accessions of Ae. tauschii and 5 synthesized polyploid wheat which derived from Ae. tauschii and Ae. tauschii with Triticum turgidum were analyzed using SDS-PAGE method. Four allelic variations were detected in 4 Ae. tauschii. All of the HMW-GS in the synthesized polyploid wheat was the same as their parents and at the end expressed. Of this paper, we discussed the utilization strategies for the Ae. tauschii genes.

  Maize DNA Molecular Markers and Its Advances of Study Jiao Renhai, Sun Faming, Liu Xinger, Xu Yanrong 2006, 22 (4):  48-48.  Abstract + ( 1471 )   PDF ( 119586KB )   ( 611 ) Maize is a main crop as food、feed and raw material for industrial processing. China is the second largest maize production country in the world. Increasing yield、improving quality and enhancing resistance and adaptability are not only the aims of conventional maize breeding but also one of the important study contents of biotechnology. The study of Maize DNA Molecular Markers begins in 1975. In this paper, kinds and characteristics of molecular markers are introduced. The study advances of applying molecular markers are also reviewed, in the fields of building molecular marker maps、comparing genome、locating dominant gene、QTL analysis of whole genome、mapping clone、molecular marker-assistant selection、DNA fingerprint analysis、genetic analysis of heterosis、assessment of resources and species evolution and so on.

  Progress of Genetic Modified Organism Crops Zhao Hongkun,, Li Qiyun, Dong Yingshan 2006, 22 (4):  57-57.  Abstract + ( 1695 )   PDF ( 119275KB )   ( 1567 ) In recent years, great achievements have been made on crop genetic engineering research and commercialization since the first transgenic plant was obtained in 1983. A large number of crop varieties with herbicide tolerance, insect resistance, disease resistance, stress tolerance and good quality have been developed and released in commerce. These new GMO (genetic modified organism) crops have played important roles in promoting agricultural production and crops resistance mechanisms studies. The commercialization and researching status of transgenic crops were reviewed in this paper. And also some suggestions on the problem of transgenic crops were brought forward.

  生物技术科学

  Influence of GAFP Gene Introduction on Disease Resistance, Agronomic and Economic Characters of Colored-Cotton Liu Fengjiang, Liu Haifeng, Huang Fang, Li Muchuan, Cao Yanyan, Luo Cheng, Li Jinfeng 2006, 22 (4):  57-57.  Abstract + ( 1523 )   According to comparison of resistance to Fusarium oxysporum / Verticillium dahliae and the agronomic and economic characters of transgenic GAFP gene cotton lines ZB-1-31, ZB-1-49, LB-7-8 with their receptor No.1 of Xincaimian and Green9903, the results proved that the three transgenic GAFP gene cotton lines showed higher resistance to Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae, The period of duration reduced a little, while the output was obviously higher than the receptor variety, and the fiber attributes were also improved to different degrees.

  目次

  Transcription Factors Re1ated to Plant Stress-To1erance Liu Xin, Li Yun 2006, 22 (4):  61-61.  Abstract + ( 2027 )   PDF ( 149028KB )   ( 2331 ) Transcription factors play important roles in the response to environment of plant. A typical higher plant transcription factor usually contains a DNA -binding domain, a transcription regulation domain, a oligomerization site , nuclear localization signals. These domains with cis-elements and regulate the expression of target genes.In this review five families of transcription factors that were related to stress-tolerance (MYB,bZIP,WRKY, AP2/EREBP and NAC), and their applications and progress in plant stress-tolerant genetic engineering were discussed.

  Construction of Seed-specific Expression Vector of Δ6-Fatty Acid Desaturase Gene Leng Hong, Li Jiana, Lu He,, Chai Yourong, Yin Jiaming 2006, 22 (4):  66-66.  Abstract + ( 1782 )   PDF ( 234517KB )   ( 519 ) By designing a pair of specific primers complementary to napA sequence, the seed - specific expression promoter of napin gene was cloned from Brassica napus Zhongyou 821 genomic DNA via polymerase chain reaction. The sequence analysis indicated that the cloned fragment contained 1148 nucleotides and possessed highly conservative sequences present in other napin promoters. The expected expression vector carrying Δ6-fatty acid desaturase gene which was isolated from Rhizopus stolonifer under the control of Napin promoter was constructed, thus making possible the subsequent production of transgenic rapeseed with highγ-linolenic acid content.

  Studies on the Method of Protoplast Fusion in Potato Nan Xiangri 2006, 22 (4):  71-71.  Abstract + ( 1383 )   PDF ( 278165KB )   ( 555 ) For enhancing regeneration ability of fusion-cell and well developing the protoplast fusion technique, the protoplast dissociate, fusion, and cultural conditions in potato have been studied in this paper and screened out the simple and efficiency cell-fusion method PLO（poly –L-ornithine, and initial, sub-cultural, regeneration medium, and got a potato anther cultural offspring Удача×Жуковский ранний.

  Application of Shallow Liquid Culture System for the Rapid Propagation Technology of Virus-free Ginger Luo Tiankuan, Zhang Xiaoling, Chen Zhen, Tang Zheng, Liu Qing, Zhu Shuijin 2006, 22 (4):  75-75.  Abstract + ( 1454 )   PDF ( 127394KB )   ( 630 ) This paper studied on the difference of a shallow liquid culture system and the solid culture system in the system of rapid propagation technology of virus-free ginger. The multiplication coefficient、the length of root and plant height in shallow liquid culture were prior to those of solid culture. As the regeneration frequency of root and the average root number of each explant were analyzed, there was no significant difference between the two systems. The survival rate of transplantation of seedlings from the shallow liquid system was much higher than that from solid culture system. Furthermore, the cost of chemicals of shallow liquid system was only less than 1/3 compared to that of solid system. Meanwhile, the load of manual work and time were reduced much more. So it was more economical and convenient. For all of the above, the shallow liquid culture system was proposed during rapid propagation process of virus-free ginger.

  DNA Isolation, Optimization for RAPD-PCR and Primers Screening of Artemisia selengensis Turez. Li Shuangmei, Guo Hongbo, Huang Xinfang, Ke Weidong 2006, 22 (4):  78-78.  Abstract + ( 1629 )   PDF ( 117971KB )   ( 689 ) To investigate the genetic diversity and authentication of this species in China and to probe into the phylogenetic taxonomy of the genus using molecular markers in the next step, two isolation methods of DNA (little extraction by SDS method and large amount of extraction by CTAB method), optimization of RAPD-PCR condition and primers screening were firstly studied. The results showed that both isolation methods could effectively obtain high quality DNA, and the DNA amount harvested from little extraction method could be used in RAPD-PCR action for one hundred times at least in spite of much less than the production from large extraction. Different labs may select any of them according to the demand of their experiments. The subsequent RAPD-PCR condition was explored, using the DNA harvested from both methods, and the most suitable mixture was as follows: total 25μl reaction volume containing template DNA 20ng, 10×Taq buffer 2.5μl, 2μl dNTPs (2.5mM), Mg2+2μl(25mM), Taq DNA polymerase 0.15μl (5U/μl), 0.5μl pimer (25μM) and ddH2O in the rest. Total nine stable and clear primers with high polymorphism were selected except for those with monomorphic and faint bands, using the DNA samples and the RAPD-PCR condition in our study.

  Compare the Methods of Isolating Wheat Yellow Rust Genomic DNA 2006, 22 (4):  81-81.  Abstract + ( 1707 )   PDF ( 164606KB )   ( 772 ) Uredospores of wheat yellow rust was used as test material. Isolation methods of wheat yellow rust genomic DNA by CTAB，SDS，Urea and CTAB/SDS were compared．The results showed that the purity and yield of wheat yellow rust DNA obtained by above methods were different．These four methods were ranked as: CTAB＞Urea＞CTAB/SDS＞SDS according to the average DNA microgram of uredospores, and ranked as：CTAB/SDS＞CTAB＞SDS＞Urea according to the genomic DNA purity．The DNA obtained by these four methods was subjected to SSR analyses with RJ17 primer ,and the DNA obtained with CTAB method used as template was better than others in SSR analysis．

  Research of the Content Change Dry Matter, Reducing Sugar and Starch in Potato in the Storage Period Chen Yanyun 2006, 22 (4):  84-84.  Abstract + ( 1986 )   PDF ( 206919KB )   ( 767 ) The content change of dry matter, starch and reducing sugar and their mutual relationship of 5 breeds of potatoes in the storage period was analyzed and researched in this experiment. Result indicated that the content of dry matter showed extremely significant difference between the tubers of different breeds of potatoes in the storage period (P<0.01); the content of dry matter in the tubers of the same breed of potato showed no significant difference between different storage period; the content of starch and reducing sugar showed extremely significant difference between the tubers of different breeds of potatoes and between different the storage period (P<0.01). There was significant positive correlation between the content of dry matter and the content of starch in the tubers in the storage period (r=0.902).

  Research Progress on Flax lignan Zhao Li, Dang Zhanhai, Li Yi 2006, 22 (4):  88-88.  Abstract + ( 2061 )   PDF ( 202351KB )   ( 998 ) This paper reviewed research advance of the structure, metabolize, health care function and applications of flax lignan. Flax lignan has the virtue of anti-tumorigenic, estrogenic and anti-estrogenic effect, resisting cancer, anti-atherosclerotic effect, preventing diabetes, anti-aromatase properties, preventing DNA and RNA, anti-virus, anti-fungi and so on，and has a wide application in the production of food products, in clinical and in the cosmetic use. With the improving of standard of living and the change of human’s nutrition, dietary habit diseases such as cancer, diabetes and blood vessel ailment quickly rising. Lignan has important significance to prevent or treating this kind of disease, at the same time, cosmetic has become a big consumption domain, the cosmetic containing at least one lignan in a composition suitable for topical applications to the skin, for preventing or treating the signs of ageing of the skin. What’s more, lignan is very rich in flaxseed, and flaxseed is one of high-yield economic crops. Flax lignan exploitation can bring great economic and society benefit, and has favorable foreground.

  Advances in Anthocyanin Pigments from Purple Sweet Potato Yang Xiansong, Yang Zhanmiao, Gao Feng 2006, 22 (4):  94-94.  Abstract + ( 1623 )   PDF ( 146259KB )   ( 1056 ) Purple sweet potato colorant is a natural anthocyanin pigment derived from purple sweet potato storage roots. The concentration of anthocyanins in outer portion of storage roots are higher than that in inner. The biosynthesis of anthocyanins was mainly determined by the genotype of sweet potato, but also affected by the cultural conditions. At present, the pigment from purple sweet potato is extracted by acid solution, the major anthocyanins are cyanidin and peonidin acylated with aromatic acid, such as caffeic acid, ferulic acid and ρ-hydroxybenzoic acid. It is stable to the light and heat, shows functions of antioxidation, antimutagenicity and protection for liver damage. So, it has broad prospects for the application in food, cosmetics and medicine industry.

  Application of HACCP System in the Producing of Muddied Apricot Juice Beverage Zhang Xiaojuan, Xu Jianguo 2006, 22 (4):  99-99.  Abstract + ( 1523 )   PDF ( 127625KB )   ( 514 ) With HACCP principles, all hazard factors and critical control points in the process of muddied apricot juice beverage were studied. The results showed that physical, chemical and biological factors contributed to all hazards. Physical factors came from impurities hazards in materials; Pesticide remnant, luxury heavy metals or excessive additives led to chemical hazards; Microbe contamination, secondary pollution, or excessive microorganisms caused Biohazard. Based on the analysis of hazards, seven critical control points: raw materials, cleanout, preparing, degasification, isotrope, caging and sealing, sterilization were also confirmed during safety process.

  JMPR Pesticide Residue Acute Dietary Exposure Assessment Method Gao Renjun,, Wang Wei , Chen William, Zhang Wenji 2006, 22 (4):  101-101.  Abstract + ( 2313 )   PDF ( 192957KB )   ( 701 ) Pesticide residue acute dietary risk assessment has attracted attention only recently. So far, JMPR is working on international acute dietary risk assessment while USA, UK, Netherlands, Australia and New Zealand are working on their national acute dietary risk assessments. Acute dietary risk is a function of acute or short-term toxicity and acute dietary intake. Acute dietary exposure can be calculated by a point or deterministic method as well as by a probabilistic modeling method. In the deterministic method the intake is estimated with the assumption of large portion consumption of a ‘high residue’ food. In addition, the method also includes a variability factor to allow for the elevated residue in some single units which may not be seen in composite samples. According to the different situation, JMPR defines as case 1, case 2a, case2b and case 3 to use related formula respectively to calculate the acute dietary exposure. China should conduct acute dietary risk assessment, China should adopt the JMPR deterministic method of acute dietary risk assessment before the high or moderately toxic pesticides are registered for use. This would involve the establishment of comprehensive food consumption database, food commodity properties database, and market residue monitoring database.

  Extracting Studay on Red Pigment of Portulaca grandiflora Zhao Yanjie 2006, 22 (4):  109-109.  Abstract + ( 1232 )   PDF ( 124756KB )   ( 451 ) This articles studied extracting and absorbing the red piment of Portulaca grandiflora with different resins.The five kinds of resins were compared. The results showed that AB-8 resin had the best performance of absorbing the red pigment of Portulaca grandiflora. In the course of desorbing the absorbed pigment 50% ethanol was optimal，AB-8 resin was selected during the experiment.After repeating 20 times，the absorption factor was only at a loss of 2.17%.The piment could dissolv in polar solvent. Under the acidic condition，the piment was fresh red and had a better resistance to light and hot.

  Studies on the Antibiotic and Antioxidant Activities of Weeping Forsythia Applied in Chinese-style Sausage Li Jia, Zhang Fuxin 2006, 22 (4):  112-112.  Abstract + ( 1823 )   PDF ( 214203KB )   ( 590 ) The effects of Weeping forsythia on the antibiotic and antioxidant properties of Chinese-style sausage were studied in this paper. The results showed that Weeping forsythia inhibited the growth of microorganism in Chinese-style sausage. The suitable inhibitive concentration was 0.5%. In Chinese-style sausage, Weeping forsythia can reduce the rate of lipid oxidation and rancidity during the periods of storage.

  Study on ultrasonic extraction of flavonoids in the mulberry leaves Gao Zhongsong, Ding Wen, Gao Liang 2006, 22 (4):  116-116.  Abstract + ( 1418 )   PDF ( 364355KB )   ( 767 ) It is studied on the optimal technology of extracting total flavonoids from mulberry leaves by alcohol extracting and ultrasonic method. The result indicates that the ultrasonic extracting method is the best by the single factor and orthogonal design experiment. The most optimal conditions are that the concentration of alcohol is 70%, the rate of raw material to alcohol is 1:15, the immersion time is 3hrs, then extracting for 45min. by ultrasonic method. The extracting rate of total flavonoids can reach 2.18%. It is purified of the mulberry leaves flavonoids by polyamide column chromatography, The qualitative analysis of extracting sample is conducted by the specific reaction of total flavonoids with FeCl3 ,sulfuric acid and so on, It is confirmed that the extraction material is flavonoids.

  The Mensuration of Tarim Basin of the Partial Plants Contents of Eight Kinds Mineral Matter Tao Dayong, Wang Xuandong, Xue Qin 2006, 22 (4):  127-127.  Abstract + ( 1493 )   PDF ( 203803KB )   ( 570 ) The medicine reason of plant medicine takes affect the content with mineral matter is related closely. This test uses Fan-Mu-yellow colorimetric law, the atom absorption photometry of beam splitter and flame photometry mensuration partial plants of grow in Tarim basin in the content of the eight elements of mineral matter, Potassium, Lin, Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, Manganese, Copper, Zinc etc. show as a result: in this 40 tastes Chinese herbal medicines in, contain Potassium highest is Selosia cristata L. , contain Lin highest is Plantago maritima, contain Calcium with a maximum of is Consolida ajacis , contain Magnesium with a maximum of is Suaeda stellatiflora, contain Iron with a maximum of is Limonium otolepis , contain Manganese with a maximum of is Consolida ajacis, contain Copper with a maximum of is Suaeda crassifalia , contain Zinc with a maximum of is leaf of Chinese parasol tree .

  Research on the Developing Prediction Modeling of Per Capital Net Income of Peasant and Shepherds in Tibetan Autonomous Region and its Application Ma Shouchun 2006, 22 (4):  131-131.  Abstract + ( 1199 )   PDF ( 129895KB )   ( 584 ) With the grey systems and according to the results of Tibet statistical yearbook, a forecast modeling of per capital net income of peasant and shepherds in Tibetan Autonomous Region is established in this paper. The forecast has been done and the results indicate that the forecast modeling has better forecast accuracy

  The Error Analysis In The Germination Test of Corn Seeds Which Is Done By The Method of Culture Dish Chang Mei 2006, 22 (4):  134-134.  Abstract + ( 1611 )   PDF ( 214693KB )   ( 591 ) The method of culture dish. which is used in common to finish the test of corn seeds quickly, causes the rate of germination low, makes the coefficient of variation large , The result of test shows that the low rate of germination and large coefficient of variation is caused by laying the embryo of seeds downward in culture dish, when we lay all embryo of seeds upward, the error of rate of germination may disappear completely.

  The Study on Anatomical Structure and Drought-resistant of Stem and Leaves of Four Euonymus fortunei MengQinghui,, Pan QingHua, Lu Renqiang, Jin Hong 2006, 22 (4):  138-138.  Abstract + ( 1700 )   PDF ( 311176KB )   ( 635 ) The stem and leaves anatomical structure of four Euonymus fortunei by using wax-slides. Find that the cross section appears of stem and leaves of four Euonymus fortunei show similar structure, but dissimilar Parameters of tissue. We had a analysis by variance analysis and multiple comparison to there structure parameters, the result indicate that the drought resistance of E. fortunei ‘Kuanban’ was the strongest stand for the four index of drought-resistant including thickness of stem cuticle、Thickness of the upper cuticle of leaves、thickness of leaves and thickness of palisade tissue of leaves, and E. fortunei ‘Emerald’n ‘Gold’ was the weakest in these four index of drought resistance. At the same time , elicited that the cuticle thickness outside of the stems and leaves epidermis cell, thickness of leaves and the manner of palisade tissue cell arrangement have correlation with Euonymus fortunei drought-resistant. The drought-resistant ability of four Euonymus fortunei was as follows: E. fortunei ‘Kuanban’﹥E. fortunei ‘Hongmai’﹥E. fortunei ‘Coloratus’﹥E. fortunei ‘Emerald’n ‘Gold’.

  Selection of Suitable Climatic Regions for Introduction of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. Using the Methods of Gray Clustering and Gray Connecting Analysis Sun Haoyuan, Xu Jiuru, Wang Yuzhu, Yang Li 2006, 22 (4):  143-143.  Abstract + ( 1346 )   PDF ( 209226KB )   ( 573 ) Using the methods of gray clustering and gray connecting analysis, the climatic factors, i.e. temperature, humidity, rainfall of the provenance of Ziziphus mauritiama and the regions that plan to introduce the genus Ziziphus mauritiama in, are fully analyzed and compared in the present paper. According to the results, the map of climatic zone suitable to introduce Z.mauritiana is worked out. As to the limited factors of the different regions, the problems, which should be paid attention to, are put forward.

  An investigation on Monimopetalum Chinese Rehd.in Guniujiang Nature Reservation of Qimen Bi Shufeng, Ni Weiyong, Li jian, Fan Meiying 2006, 22 (4):  147-147.  Abstract + ( 1438 )   PDF ( 82056KB )   ( 479 ) The text investigated the conditions of Monimopetalum Chinese in Guniujiang Nature Reservation of Qimen for knowing their basic conditions. The results showed that the soil type was red-yellow soil, altitude was between 400 and 600 meter, slope was between 20 and 35°. Some growth characteristics and the distribution of Monimopetalum chinese are obtained. Some protective suggestions are presented ,which are based on the actual conditions.

  The Investigation of Measuration of Stumpage Volume by Total Station Guo Baosheng, He Ruizhen, Zhang Jingdong, Wang Jianshe 2006, 22 (4):  149-149.  Abstract + ( 1440 )   PDF ( 166902KB )   ( 664 ) The function of GTS of the non reflector measurement and special program such as remote elevation measurement and missing line measurement can be used to precisely measure the height and diameter at random visible stem, The surveying resolution was analyzed. It provide the reliable basis for the research of the stem volume and forestry growth, the method bears simple rapid high precision and easy to spread in the application and the investigation of the forestry measurement.

  Effects of Topping on Flesh Leaves of Nitric Compounds and Protease in Flue-cured tobacco Tu Bo, Qi Shaowu , Zhou Jiheng, Yang Hongqi, Yang Junxing, Yin Lijuan 2006, 22 (4):  152-152.  Abstract + ( 1399 )   PDF ( 204735KB )   ( 587 ) Disposing with topping and not topping in K326 growth duration, researching the change law of protease and nitrogen compound in fresh tobacco leaves. The result is show that: Protease and the total free amino acid submit " M " type curve in growth duration. and reached peak after topping 20d and 50d, the protease of topping is larger than not topping’s , but the total free amino acid is opposite. Soluble protein and non soluble protein show the tendency that reduces after going up first in growth duration, and reaching peak after topping 20d, reducing soon afterwards gradually, the Soluble protein and non soluble protein of topping is larger than not topping’s.

  Breeding and Utilization of New High-yielding Hybrid Rice Combination II You3003 Zhang Jie, Li Yunwu, Lin Gang, Zhao Deming, Yang Chongjin, He Bing, Bao Linfeng 2006, 22 (4):  155-155.  Abstract + ( 1609 )   PDF ( 163998KB )   ( 508 ) The hybrid rice of high yield Ⅱ You 3003 is Yibin Region Agricultural Research of Sichuan in 1999 does not give birth to department with 3 departments Ⅱ-32A，It is that suitable extensive 3003 groups matches to resume with the high quality heavy type winner of ear of grain and become。In 2002 attends Sichuan Xian late deeply B group district examination，Average output 8.49t/hm2，Than for shine Shan You 63 increases production 5.91%，House testing the first place；In 2003 attends Sichuan province Xian late deeply A1 group district examination, Average output 8.246t/hm2，Than for shine Shan You 63 increases production 3.92%，Attend Sichuan province production in the same year to test, Average output 8.664t/hm2，Than for shine Shan You 63 increases production 9.31%。It is good that this combination has type，Divide into Nie Li and winner，Produce highyield steadily，Excellent quality is disease-resistant，Adaptability waits for characteristic well，Those that meet the south rice district of our country level dam and hills district and Shan the 63 kinds of good local plantation planted。

  The Performent of Lodging and Root Cause Analysis for Lodging Resistance in Crops Tian Baoming, ,Yang Guangsheng, Cao Gangqiang, Shu Haiyan 2006, 22 (4):  163-163.  Abstract + ( 1656 )   PDF ( 255199KB )   ( 1697 ) Lodging in crops is defined as a permanent displacement of the culms from their upright position, leading to yield loss when the combine fails to harvest the grain from the lodged plants. Lodging in crops is a complex problem because it is influenced by a large number of environmental factors and there are several different types of lodging.?Plant height, straw strength and level of fertility influence lodging. Typically, shorter varieties are more resistant to lodging, but strength of the straw allows many taller varieties to stand well.Lodging tends to be more severe at high nitrogen levels. Thus, no single trait, or group of traits, has proven to be generally reliable as an index of lodging resistance.It was necessary to collect quantitative information on the plant morphology and genetic studied.The aim of this work was to introduce the progress on how to find morphological traits that are correlated with lodging and could be used as indirect selection parameters,establish methods to assess lodging resistance independent of weather conditions.

  Influence of Fertilizer Rate and Leaf Population on Output Value and Chemical Content of Tobacco Leaves Yang Yuhong, Gao Jiahe, Tan Bing, Li Tianfu, Wang Guangxian 2006, 22 (4):  168-168.  Abstract + ( 1600 )   PDF ( 288306KB )   ( 601 ) In order to reveal the relation between the fertilizer rate, leaf population and tobacco leaf quality, two factor and three level trail were conducted including 72kg/hm2, 90kg/hm2, 108kg/hm2 fertilizer rate and 15,18,21 slice of leaves population at Chuxiong. The results showed them increased fertilizer rate can promote the plant pericanlome length, internodal length, improve the maximum leaf area indexes, reduce the resistance against tobacco powdery mildew and brown spot, raise the leaf yield, value, top quality leaves rate and the specific leaf weight of upper flue-cured leaves, increase content of the total nitrogen and nicotine, decrease sugar-nicotine ratio. However, the increased leaf number made plant height higher, leaf area index in field more accretive, the leaf area index, yield and value more, but it can reduce the top quality leaves rate and the specific leaf weight of upper flue-cured leaves, meanwhile cut down the nicotine content, which induced the raising sugar-nicotine ratio and the uncoordinative chemical content of tobacco leaves. So we cannot increase the fertilizer rate and the leaf population indiscriminately, on the contrary we must applicate fertilizer and keep leaf number rationally to gain the tobacco leaves which chemicical content were coordinative.

  Effect on the main Chemical component at different Ecology Spots by fertilizer and topping Gao Jiahe, Yang Yuhong, 2006, 22 (4):  171-171.  Abstract + ( 1318 )   PDF ( 253332KB )   ( 604 ) In order to reveal the correlation among the fertilizer rate, topping stage and main chemical component influencing of tobacco in different ecology areas, there carried out the tests of fertilizer amount, which was 72kg/hm2, 90kg/hm2, 108kg/hm2 respectively, and the tests of topping at buttoning stage, topping, at the early bloom and topping at full blooming stage. The results indicated there had significantly difference among content of total sugar, total nitrogen, protein and potassium in different ecology spots. A significantly difference was observed among total sugar, reducing sugar, total nitrogen and protein at the best fertilizer amount level and less than 20% best fertilizer amount treatment. There had no significantly difference among total sugar, reducing sugar, total nitrogen and protein by the three topping treatments. There obtained a best significant difference among total sugar and reducing sugar at different stalk position, which was lower leaf>middle leaf>upper leaf. A best significant difference was observed in potassium content at different stalk position, which was lower leaf>middle leaf>upper leaf. A rare affection on Potassium uptake by fertilizer and topping and a high genetical stability were obtained.

  Genetic Rule Of Dwarf Character Of Wheat K95016 Zhou Yuqin, Niu Benyong, Wang Jianshe, Sheng Yaopeng 2006, 22 (4):  175-175.  Abstract + ( 1538 )   PDF ( 161635KB )   ( 603 ) In order to study the hereditary characters of the wheat K95016 which is a dwarf resource of the winter wheat. preliminary analysis on the wheat has been made in these years from 2003 to 2005. From the result of F1 that is achieved by genetically hybridizing K95016 (with its heigh of 50cm ) and seven other origins. (with its average height of 75cm), Dwarf genes of K95016 is recessive hereditary material. Through cross cut and reciprocal cross. The crossbred F1 is made by hybridizing its matriarchal origin which is the dwarf resource and its paternal origin with middle height characteristic of strong effective tillering, more ears. F1 possesses an advantage over other kinds is shown in the detailed research of its crossbred advantage of grain weight of plant.

  The Influence of Different Treatment on Seed Germination of Bupleurum chinense DC. Ge Shujun, Meng Yijiang, Zhen Rui, WangWenmin 2006, 22 (4):  178-178.  Abstract + ( 1702 )   PDF ( 111168KB )   ( 646 ) In the paper the influence of different treatments on seed germination percentage was studied on Bupleurum chinense DC.. The results indicated that the optimum temperature for germination was 20℃; the seed germination could be improved by 7~10 days’ sand culture; seed soaking could make the germination originated 2~3 days ahead without improving the percentage; either of 0.25%、0.5%、0.75% concentration of KMnO4 had bad affect on seed germination.

  Analysis on Yield Formation and Dry Matter Production in Rice Population with Different Type of Panicles Qin Zhilie, Wang Shu, Wang Bailun 2006, 22 (4):  181-181.  Abstract + ( 1232 )   PDF ( 203834KB )   ( 598 ) The yield formation and dry matter production of different rice population were studied and compared. The results showed that the yield of varieties with erect panicles was higher than that of varieties with semi-cured and cured panicles as a result of higher setting rate and 1000-grain weight. The varieties with cured panicles had higher dry matter accumulated and rate of dry matter translocated at heading stage. The dry matter accumulated after heading and the biomass of mature stage of varieties with erect panicles were higher than that of varieties with semi-cured and cured. The top-three leaves of varieties with erect panicles were longer and wider and had smaller angle of panicle-neck. The more the weight of dry matter per spikelet had, the higher the percentage of ripened grains was. It was important that the plant population had large leaf area for the grain yield and dry matter production.

  Study on an Super Dry Storage of Sesame Seeds Yang Qingling, Zhen Zhigao 2006, 22 (4):  185-185.  Abstract + ( 1392 )   PDF ( 134168KB )   ( 677 ) Sesame seeds of Yuzhi No.of 4 with different water content stored at the state of airproof in the 25℃ and 5℃ respectively, stored for 12 months the vigor and viability of the seeds were measured after the water content was balanced. The main result as follows:Super dry storage affected sesame seed germination, root and shoot growth, plant characters and growth days, and its continued during all the growth stage of sesame; Proper water content of seeds stored could remain the seeds with high vigor, the suitable value for super dry was 3.78% when stored at 25℃ and that was 6.01% at 5℃. Activities of antioxidant enzymes kept well in seeds and content of ultimate product of lipid peroxidation such as the fresh and dry weight of the seeding, the accumlation of dry material, plant height and seeds per ear. The correlation analysis indication that there was a significantly positive correlation between seed vigor and plant height and emerging percentage, and seed vigor had a significantly negative correlation with emerging stage and flowering stage.

  Study on the Techniques for Commercial Production for the High and Stable Yielding Indica Hybrid Rice New Combination “Te You 649”I The Effect of Plant Density and Major Fertilizer Factors on the Yield Li Weike Huang Yingmei 2006, 22 (4):  188-188.  Abstract + ( 1542 )   PDF ( 152643KB )   ( 521 ) The experiment design was the split-plot design with fertilizers as main plots and plant densities as subplots. The trial was designed to test the effect of three plant densities on the subsequent production of “Te You 649” at two levels of nitrogen fertilization. The result showed that the yield reached the highest, 9.36t/ha, when the plant density was 375,000 hills/ha (plant spacing=20cm×13.2cm) at the nitrogen fertilization of 225kg. Accordingly, a desirable agronomic measure combination for attaining a grain yield of above 9.0t/ha was proposed to be 375,000 hills/ha of plant density with 2 grain-seedling per hill, 225kg pure nitrogen/ha, 112.5kg P2O5/ha and 180kg K2O/ha. A package water management method was also introduced.

  Studies on Breeding High-yield Early and Iintermediate-rip Ening Hybrid Corn Chen Runling, Zhao Baoxian, Liang Xiaowei, Zhang Fenrui, Lei Xiaobing, Wang Xiangyang, Li Wenxiao 2006, 22 (4):  191-191.  Abstract + ( 1287 )   PDF ( 144573KB )   ( 540 ) Integrating componential factors affecting high yield with breeding practice, this article mainly probes into high yield and in breeding early and intermediate-maturing inbred line and concludes that: (1) The extension of germ plasm is the innovation basis for choosing materials for corn breeding; (2) The compactness of seed sequencing is the key to breed high combining ability inbred line maile; (3) Combining the advantages of hybrid while not restricted to it in combination, comparative observation on the yield of hybrid variety and multi-spot observation are necessary to shorten the span of breeding and to guard against “pre-upgrading”.

  The regional test of Heilongjiang Province potato is analysed and appraised Wang Lichun 2006, 22 (4):  195-195.  Abstract + ( 1495 )   PDF ( 238238KB )   ( 505 ) Through carrying on the regional test in seven representative test points in Heilongjiang Province to the potato new variety about the bumper crop, the stable production, the region compatible and so on, finally indicated: The fresh food strain Ke9723-20 compared to comparison Kexin2 increases 11.5 points. The production increase is extremely remarkable also the performance stable production, the compatibility is broad, hopefully through variety examination and approval. Mid-precocious material Biology Center 202 compared to comparison Kexin4 increases 10.6 points. But the compatibility is not good, may piant in Hailun as well as the ecological condition similar area. The high starch material Ke20029-36 increases 4.5 points compared to the comparison. These two materials display general in this experiment, should be further experimented to determined whether it can be carried on the promotion.

  Effects of Agronomic Measures and Curing Conditions on Content of Aroma Components of Tobacco He Dengfeng, Xu Yi, Xu Zicheng, Lu Xiuping, Huang Pingjun, Wang Hong 2006, 22 (4):  199-199.  Abstract + ( 1459 )   PDF ( 124212KB )   ( 617 ) The research of aromatic matter of tobacco was paid more attention in recent years. The progress of effects of different agronomic measures including fertilization, water regimes and transplantation, etc. and curing conditions on content of aroma components of tobacco was reviewed. Agronomic measures mainly affected physiological and biochemical metabolism of tobacco growth and development, and fatherly affected the content and proportion of aromatic matters; curing conditions affected the phenotype of tobacco quality potential.

  Study on Peroxidase Isoenzyme of Winged Bean Quan Miaohua, Chen Dongming, Fu Ming, Yao Yuanzhi 2006, 22 (4):  203-203.  Abstract + ( 1533 )   PDF ( 190238KB )   ( 494 ) We have studied the characteristics of peroxidase isoenzyme which are distributed in the same winged bean’s mature leaves of 9 different nodes and 16 varieties by plumb plate of polyarclamide gel electrophoresis, for clarifying the rules of POD isoenzyme in the winged bean,identifying their blood relations and selecting the superior parents for cross-breeding. The results showed that the numbers of the enzyme belts in the mature leaves of 9 different nodes are 10, their Rf of which is almost identical. But the numbers are from 6 to 11 in the varieties, and the enzyme belts have obvious difference, such as the width, the color depth and so on. According to Rf of the enzyme belts and the union similarity factor (S value) of 16 winged bean varieties, we drew the following conclusions : （1）the distribution of POD isoenzyme had the high stability and the similarity in the same winged bean’s mature leaves of different nodes. （2）POD isoenzymes of the 16 winged bean varieties had obvious difference. The S values of K0006 and K0035 or zao shu 2,K0021 and K0028 were minimum, from 0.2 to 0.4,that was, the blood relations of the two groups were the estrangest from each other.They were superior parents for cross-breeding in the selected varieties. （3）we clarified the related rules of POD isoenzyme in the winged bean. The characteristics would provide us with the scientific basis of classifying the species or identifying the varieties, and have the important guiding significance to the scientific selection in the cross-breeding at the same time.

  Wheat Birth Period Climate Resources Disposition and High Hroduction Cultivation Way Chen Feng, Liu Yu, Zeng Guangfei, Chen Ruoli, Zhang Cunling 2006, 22 (4):  207-207.  Abstract + ( 1582 )   PDF ( 300713KB )   ( 604 ) The analysis suixi many years wheat output and the corresponding ten-day period sunshine hour, the average temperature and the precipitation material indicated that the normal year light lukewarm water increase and decrease and the wheat each birth stage basically tally to the climate request, the light hot resources can satisfy the wheat growth, the precipitation feel slightly insufficient. The wheat sows seeds—minute tiller time meteorology aspect limit factor is a precipitation, survives the winter time and turns green —jointing stage limit factor is the temperature, is in the milk—mature period illumination time, the temperature, the precipitation has to the output affects greatly.Climate transitional characteristic is extremely obvious, the meteorological Disaster is many but frequent, these cause the wheat output remarkable undulation. Produces must base the local climate characteristic,seeks victory,minimizes losses, takes measures against natural disasters, reducts disasters, through optimizes the small wheat seed layout, cultivates fat way and so on soil and standardized cultivation, to safeguard wheat high and stable production.

  Breeding of High-Yield and Good-Quality Wheat Varieties Lianmai 2 Li Jun,Wang Long,Qin Derong,Ren Likai 2006, 22 (4):  213-213.  Abstract + ( 1530 )   PDF ( 165347KB )   ( 512 ) Analyse the local ecological conditions and cropping system on Lianyungang,and with the development of living condition and consumptive ievel of preoples,we constituted the breeding objectives of high yield and good quality.Followed this breeding objectives,its parents were selected and crossed by means of sexual hybridization between good quality variety Jian94(73) as the male and high yield variety Lumai21 as female.After several years, a new wheat variety Lianmai 2 was bred.Tests in many years and places showed,that Lianmai 2 is a high and steady yield, well lodging,fertilization resistance, wide adaptability wheat variety.Is has many good characters such as more tillera,more harvested ears,higher 1000 kernel weight,proportional three elements of yield, good quality, and can be widely planted.

  Breeding and Application of BoⅡyou15 , A New Hybrid Rice Combination with High Yield and Good Quality Guo Jianfu, Zhang Jianzhong, Jiang Shihe, Fang Liangjun, Huang Youxiang, Yuan Hongxu, Wu Yuanji 2006, 22 (4):  216-216.  Abstract + ( 1574 )   PDF ( 63570KB )   ( 497 ) BoⅡyou15, a new weakly-photosensitive indica hybrid rice combination derived from the cross of CMS BoⅡA and good-quality restorer line HR15, was released by Institute of Technique for Agriculture Biology, Guangdong Ocean University. It was examined and approved by national crops variety Approval Committee in 2003 Feb, and suitable to be planted for late cropping season in regions such as Guangdong, central south of Guangxi, south of Fujian and Hainan province. Since characteristics of high and stable yield, good grain quality, strong resistance to disease and easy to achieved a high yield in seed production, BoⅡyou15 had taken on a main cultivar in south china rice growing area and its total applicated area from 2003 to 2005 had amounted to more 404, 000 hm2.

  Effect of the Change of Temperature in Filling Stage on Grian Yield and Rice Quality After Adjust Seeding Time of Japonica Hybrid Rice in South Henan Fang Ling, Song Shizhi, Duan Bin, He Shijei, Tong Junli 2006, 22 (4):  218-218.  Abstract + ( 1516 )   PDF ( 121092KB )   ( 561 ) Analyzed the change of temperature in filling stage,and the change of grian yield and rice quality of 10 varieties after adjust seeding time.Pointed out the reason of grain yield increased and rice quality improved after postpones seeding time is the tempertature in filling stage suitable to seed filling,the suitable temperature is advantageous to increase grain yield and improve appearance quality.

  Breeding and Application of Restoring line Nanhui 536 in Hybrid Rice Huang Tingxu, Jiang Wenqing, You Qingru, Zhou Shiquan, Liu Duanhua, Xie Donglong, Qiu Huiming 2006, 22 (4):  221-221.  Abstract + ( 1252 )   PDF ( 308795KB )   ( 563 ) Restoring line Nanhui 536, derived from the strong restoring line Minghui 86 and the high quality restoring line Duohui 43 by Nanping Institute of Agricultural Sciences, is a new late indica hybrid combination. It is superior to Minghui 86 in yield, quality and Shattering Trait, et al. It possesses with the desired characteristics of strong restoring ability, wide restoring spectrum, ideal combining ability and high yield of hybrid seed production. er you 536, a new hybrid rice ,using Nanhui 536 as the restoring line, have passed through the approval of Fujian Province in 2005.

  Advance and Prospect of the Wheat Breeding named Qingnong Zhang Cheng 2006, 22 (4):  226-226.  Abstract + ( 1279 )   PDF ( 186694KB )   ( 514 ) By analyzing and comparing with the compared varieties, we get the conclusion that winter wheat varieties named Qingnong in Longdong increased 1.2%~24% in yield, 0.08%~1.89% in protein content, 0.13%~0.22% in lysine content, and enhanced in disease-resistance and draught-resistance, but reduced 5-10cm in height of wheat. We find it crucial to choose the varieties fit for the local condition as one of the parent generations; to choose varieties directionally for draught-resistance, cold-resistance and early ageing-resistance from F1 to Fn; to guarantee and improve enough grain ears, grains per ear and grain weight and coordinate them. In future, we will continue selecting high quality variety for special purpose, increasing grains per ear and grain weight as possible as we can, coordinating high yield and stable yield.

  Early Research Report On the Grouth and Decline Trends of Male-sterile Line of Wild Cabbage Typed Rape Li Yufeng, Wang Liefu, Huo Erwei, Chen Yingxia, Tong Junli 2006, 22 (4):  230-230.  Abstract + ( 1328 )   PDF ( 163088KB )   ( 502 ) There are great or remarkable differences in the number of trace pollen betneen sterile line, different sowing time and different florenscence. The decline speed of sterile line，s trace pdlen will change if the sowing time is put off, And the most quick decline speed is HuaYou1087.QinYou2 and ZhengZa4 contain more trace pollen, which has a apparent relationship with the gathered temperatures above 0℃ and before blooming.

  Study on Wheat Breeding by Three Theory Huang feng,, Zheng Tiancun, Li Baoyun, Yin Guihong, Liu Guangtian 2006, 22 (4):  233-233.  Abstract + ( 1556 )   PDF ( 128680KB )   ( 563 ) The article studies its applicability at large and its application in wheat breeding ,then put forward to new thought of wheat breeding systematical pattern. The results show :wheat breeding is a systems engineering, their relation among them is co-related, interacted and co-restricted. The system gets to be controlled by info-feedback with natural and social surrounds, then it can make for a correct way. The author believes that along with the system theory, the information theory and cybernetics correctly instruct to the wheat breeding, the wheat breeding work will certainly on one building.

  Study on Effect of High Temperature Stress on Physiological Characteristics of Coptis chinensis Franch. Yufang Sun, Sangen Wang, Yin Li, Sijiang Chen, Guoyue Zhong 2006, 22 (4):  236-236.  Abstract + ( 1517 )   PDF ( 125462KB )   ( 508 ) Coptis chinensis Franch of 1,2,3,4 and 5-age years were given treatment of high temperature (35±2)℃for 0d、3ds and 6ds. the contents of soluble sugar, free proline and MDA in leaves and roots of Coptis chinensis Franch of different years of growth is compared。The results showed that high temperature stress increased the content of soluble sugar and free proline, the soluble sugar had accumulated 1 times more than control and proline 7 times uner high temperature for 6ds. however, the content of MDA decreased in both leaves and roots. We researched the effects of high temperature stress on physiological and biochemical characteristics of Coptis chinensis Franch ,which provides some theory guidance for production.

  Review of Progress in Response to Fruit Trees under Water Stress Zhan Yanni, Yu Songling, Chen Peiqing 2006, 22 (4):  239-239.  Abstract + ( 1785 )   PDF ( 149274KB )   ( 633 ) The progress of recent research in response to fruit trees under water stress is reviewed.The morphological reactions and microstructure changes in leaves and roots of fruit trees under water stress are described. Some physiological and biochemical indexes of fruit trees, such as photosynthesis, metabolism of carbohydrates, metabolism of lipoxygenase, changes of endogenous phytohormones, endopeptidase are summarized in this paper. From these, this paper advanced the emphasisist of further study drought-resistance of fruit trees with the latest molecular biology soas and uncover the important physiological response to fruit trees under water stress such as photosynthesis, respond to different phytohormone and signal transduction to identify the drought-resist genotype choose and cultivate a strong drought-resist species correctly by water mechanism under aridenviron ment.

  The Prospect in Studying Aluminum Tolerance of Alfalfa on the Base of wild Accessions Qian Qing, Bi Yufen, Zhu Dongbin 2006, 22 (4):  248-248.  Abstract + ( 1595 )   PDF ( 121742KB )   ( 513 ) Alfalfa is an excellent legume forage, which has good quality and high productivity and is loved by all kinds of livestock. Alfalfa has been cultivated for many years and for larger areas in our country. However, alfalfa can only grow well in north of China. Because of the acid soil and the aluminum toxicity in south of China, alfalfa is seldom cultivated there. This article based on the researches of the aluminum tolerance about many plants in the whole world and the conditions of the native resource－Deqin alfalfa in Yunnan province , viewed the progress and importance of researching the aluminum tolerance about alfalfa.

  Dynamic Activity Changes of Sucrose Phosphate Synthase and Correlation with Sugar Content in Leaves and Fibres of Different Cotton Cultivars Liu Lingxiao, Shen Fafu, Fan Zuoxiao, Lu Hequan, Xie Qingen, Wang Yuange 2006, 22 (4):  252-252.  Abstract + ( 1612 )   PDF ( 163500KB )   ( 621 ) The study showed that under field condition, the activities of Sucrose Phosphate Synthase(SPS) appeared double peaks at blooming day and 18 days post anthesis(DAP) in leaves and cotton fibres of Shannong Brown 02, Fengkang 6 and Zhongmiansuo 45; the first peak surpassed the second peak and it decreased as a whole. And simultaneously soluble sugar content, sucrose content and photosynthesis rate had the same changes. The values of SPS activity, soluble sugar content, sucrose content and photosynthesis rate were the highest in Fengkang 6, second in Zhongmiansuo 45, third in Shannong Brown 02. The three cotton cultivars differ very significantly (P<1%) in corresponding observation index.

  Study on Physiological and Biochemical Basis of Oil Forming in Rapeseed XuYilan, Guan Chunyun., Tan Tailong 2006, 22 (4):  255-255.  Abstract + ( 1357 )   PDF ( 158836KB )   ( 665 ) The current research situation of low oil content in our country and research accomplishment of increasing oil content in rapeseed all over the world has been analyzed in this paper. It also deals with the relation between fatty metabolism and other metabolisms during seed forming, the relation between key enzymes and key matter and oil forming. What’s more, essentially increasing oil content, a physiological and biochemical system that influence oil content is needed to establish, which include physiological and biochemical basis, key enzymes and key matter.

  Research Progress on the Contributions of Physical and Chemical Reactions to Seed Aging Jia Liguo, Fan Mingshou 2006, 22 (4):  260-260.  Abstract + ( 3031 )   PDF ( 121055KB )   ( 581 ) Plant seed aging is a complex process, it’s a series of biochemical, physical and chemical reactions. It has been proven by several international groups that cytoplasm in seed is in state of Glass, and the Glass Transition Temperature is closely associated with seed aging, being influenced by biomolecules in seed. I has also been found that non-enzymatic Maillard and Amadori reactions can occur in very low dry seeds, and the accumulation of products of these reactions has been thought as the reason for seed aging. The reason for Maillard reaction causing seed aging probably are the products of Maillard reaction could reduce activities of antioxidant enzymes, modify structures and functions of protein and nucleic acid, and induce sugar hydrolysis.

  Comparison Study on the Antioxidation Ability of Different Tea Varieties in Drought Stress Liu Yuying, Wang Sangen, Xu Ze, Hu Xiang, Deng min 2006, 22 (4):  264-264.  Abstract + ( 1624 )   PDF ( 234036KB )   ( 604 ) In this experiment the seven tea varieties were dealt with the drought in the planting base of Tea Research Institute of Chongqing .The activity of SOD,POD and the quantity of ?OH were mensurated in the tea mature leaf, and the contrastive and dynamic analyse were carried .It is clear that the changers of activity of SOD,POD have a trend of first increase and following decrease in drought stress. It is also discovered that the tea variety with the higher of the beginning and derivational under the drought activity of SOD takes on the low activity of POD in light drought and the high activity of POD in high drought and has lesser quantity of ?OH. So dose the contrary.

  Effect of Hormones Conbination on the Multiplication and Vitrification of Shoot Cultures for Carnation Ding Xiaowei, Liang Xueni, Gui Min, Hou Siming, Liu Kaihui, Liu Feihu 2006, 22 (4):  269-269.  Abstract + ( 1603 )   PDF ( 125558KB )   ( 479 ) Hormone is a critical factor that affects the multiplication and vitrification of carnation shoots.In our expriment ,orthogonal test L9(34) was applied to study the effect of hormones BA、NAA、KT conbination on the multiplication ,and carnation shoots were used as explants. The results showed that BA was the determinate factor for multiplication and vitrification of carnation shoots, and NAA was followed, KT had no positive effect on multiplication of carnation shoots, but the least effect on vitrification. The multiplication of carnation shoots was not only related to the concentration of BA, but to the ration of BA and NAA.The medium for the shoot differentiation and subculture were optimized.

  Research on Photosynthesis Characteristic of Psammophyte (Agriophyllm squarrosum) Zhang Dunming, Jin Hongxi, Xu Xianying, Tang Jinnian 2006, 22 (4):  272-272.  Abstract + ( 1346 )   PDF ( 202220KB )   ( 522 ) Changes on diurnal and seasonal photosynthesis rates (Pn) of Agriophyllm squarrosum, which is annual plant species in sand, were measured by LI-6200 Photosynthesis Analyzer. It shows that Pn diurnal change of Agriophyllm squarrosum appears a curve with two peaks. Its first and second apex value respectively is 13.38μmol/(m2·s) and 9.428μmol/(m2·s) The mean apex value of Pn in seasonal change is 7.3428μmol/(m2·s) of July. Light compensation poit of Agriophyllm squarrosum is rather low and the value is 127.3μmol/(m2·s). The average value of water-used efficiency (WUE) of Agriophyllm squarrosum in growth season is 0.5707 and maximum is 0.7145 of June. Correlation analyse between Pn and its omnibus influence factors draw the conclusion that Pn has a high positive correlation with photons density (QNTM), vapor pressure (EAIR) and transpiration rate (TRAN) and has a negative correlation with intercellular CO2 concentration (CINT). The regression equation between Pn and its influence factors is educed.

  Photoinhibition and Assimilate Distribution in Two-line hybrid Rice (Oryza sativa L.) PA64S/E32 at Late Development Stage Zhang Yunhua, Chen Lijuan, Wang Rongfu, Chen Bingsong, Ding Biao, Wu Hai 2006, 22 (4):  276-276.  Abstract + ( 1467 )   PDF ( 231788KB )   ( 548 ) Using hybrid rice PA64S/E32 and Shanyou63 as materials, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters , assimilate distribution and other key indexes were assayed under natural condition. Compared with that of Shanyou63, the decrement of contents of chlorophyll and protein, PSⅡprimary photochemical efficiency（Fv/Fm）, photon yield (φPSⅡ) and photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) were less; increment of non-photochemical quenching coefficient（qN）and Fo were less in two-line hybrid rice PA64S/E32 at noon (high light intensity and temperature) and during leaf senescence. Transport rate and distribution ratio of photosynthetic assimilate to ear were all-higher, which indicated that PA64S/E32 has better coordination of source-sink in terms of the studies on photosynthetic assimilate using isotope. The above photosynthetic characteristics and assimilate distribution is possibly the physiological basis of high yield in two-line hybrid rice PA64S/E32.

  Study on Jujube Adventitious Bud Regenerating System Wang Guoping，Li Xiaomei，Chen Qiufang 2006, 22 (4):  284-284.  Abstract + ( 1435 )   PDF ( 172588KB )   ( 584 ) Experiments were conducted with leaves collected from the commercially important Jujube variety Junzao for study of the facts which affected the optimum medium for inducing adventitious buds。The result showed that the regeneration of stem was easier than it from leave and the optimum medium for leave regeneration was 1/2MS（half macroelement）+TDZ 0.5mg/L+IBA 0.2mg/L。The regeneration rating of the adventitious buds from the top leaves was highest。

  The Study on Slow Release N Fat to Cotton and Rice Growth Influence Wang Hanmin , Liu Songtao, Cheng Yaqiao, Wang Lihe 2006, 22 (4):  288-288.  Abstract + ( 1171 )   PDF ( 149240KB )   ( 458 ) This article has studied slowing release N fat to the cotton and the paddy rice growth growth influence, finally indicated: Slowing release N is fat and N fat to the cotton and the paddy rice output and the quality not obvious difference; But compares can obviously enhance the cotton the output, the bell number, the bell heavy gin turnout has the increase, a high increase, the fruit-bearing branch number increases, but to textile fiber quality not tremendous influence;Slowing release N fat fat compares the paddy rice community with N in a big way, stooling strong, Cheng Suilv high, ear of number of seeds many, the output production increase is remarkable; The quality hasthe big enhancement.

  Ecological Effect on Soil Microbes on the Basis of 16SrRNA/DNA Analyses Huang Jinyong, Zhou Wei 2006, 22 (4):  291-291.  Abstract + ( 1184 )   PDF ( 117127KB )   ( 569 ) The 16SrRNA/DNA technique has offered the new approach to research on microbial ecology. On the basis of the method, some considerable progress have made in some aspects such as microbes diversity, microbes population analyses, discovery of some importment genes, and effect on ecosystem of horizontal movement of hereditary property between the microbes or between microbes and plants.

  Effect of Infiltration Depth on Soil Total Salt in Tomato Cultivated Protected Field Liu Yang, Zhang Yulong, Liu Na, Wang Yaosheng, Zheng Lihong 2006, 22 (4):  295-295.  Abstract + ( 1644 )   PDF ( 167398KB )   ( 575 ) Effect of subsurface irrigation and infiltration depth on movement of soil total salt and its accumulation in protected field was studied, tomato used as experimental plant. The results show that soil total salt accumulated in topsoil after subsurface irrigation with infiltration depth between 20 cm and 40 cm. The soil total salt was distinct influenced by the product of soil water and soil depth and infiltration depth. The content of soil total salt was the least in the treatment of 30 cm infiltration depth with prevention film.

  Effect of Organic Fertilizer Application on Soil Salt Content and the Yield of Rice Su Qingrui, Li Weixiao, Chi Fengqin 2006, 22 (4):  299-299.  Abstract + ( 1506 )   PDF ( 215677KB )   ( 682 ) Crop growth is influencing by the degree of soil salinity. The experimental result on typical saline meadow showed that it could accelerate the effect of desalting and prohibit the uprising of salt with organic fertilizer application and the combination of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer. With organic fertilizer application annually, except for HCO3-, the soil content of Cl-, SO42-, Mg2+ and Na- were lower than of control and at the same time it could increase the yield of rice by 15%.

  The Interactions of Stigma Papilla cells and Pollen Grains in Self-incompatible line of Brassica olerassia L. under Scanning Electro Microscope Zhou Qinghong, Qu xueyan, Li Chengqiong 2006, 22 (4):  302-302.  Abstract + ( 1500 )   PDF ( 479158KB )   ( 552 ) In the self-incompatible line of Brassica oleracea L., with the aid of scanning electron microscope, we observed that the pollen grains failing to germinate in 18 hours after pollination would shrink and become small, finally up to shrivel. Other pollen grains germinate from its bourgeon channel, the rest bourgeon channels become shrink. Some pollen tubes twist failing to penetrate stigma papilla cells. Only a few pollen tubes can grow into the styles. With 5%NaCl solution treatment is studied, the surface papilla cells of the stigma tended to crimple or break. So most of the pollen grains are able to germinate and the pollen tubes could elongate into the styles to fecundation.

  Study on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Eggplant in Greenhouse Yang Guodong, Zhou Baoli, Li Mo, Fu Yawen 2006, 22 (4):  307-307.  Abstract + ( 1556 )   PDF ( 164606KB )   ( 594 ) The Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system was used to study the photosynthetic characteristics of grafted eggplant on flourishing fruit in greenhouse. The result showed that the curve of photosynthetic daily variation of the upper position leaves had two peaks, with an obvious midday depression in eggplant leaf in greenhouse. The first peak occurred at about 11:30 am, the net photosynthetic rate was 10.2μmol/(m2·s), the second peak occurred at about 13:00pm, the net photosynthetic rate was 9.4μmol/(m2·s). The main reason for the midday depression of photosynthetic rate was stomatal factors. At midday, light intensity was the largest, vapor pressure deficit between leaves and air reached maximum, but air relative humidity, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration reached minimum, occurred photosynthetic midday depression.

  Changes of Physiology during the Cool temperature Inducement on Bud Differentiation of Phalaenopsis Orchid Liu Xiaorong,, Wang Biqing, Zhu Genfa, Cheng Zhihui 2006, 22 (4):  310-310.  Abstract + ( 1486 )   PDF ( 176101KB )   ( 766 ) Observed and Investigated the changes of certain physiology and biochemistry of some Phalaenopsis Orchid material plants on different cool days during the bud differentiation process. The results were as follows：After 20d cool temperature inducement, the content of mineral elements, soluble sugar, starch, soluble protein, free amino acid, peroxidase activity of material plants leaves changed remarkably. The results indicated that during the cool inducement process there was a series of changes of physiology to offer materials and energies for bud differentiation.

  Breeding of a New Cucumber Variety “Jinyou No.41” Zhang Wenzhu, Li Jiawang, Wang Jiang 2006, 22 (4):  314-314.  Abstract + ( 1315 )   PDF ( 136236KB )   ( 443 ) “Jinyou No.41” is a new open field hybrid bred from X20-1 and M9-6-2-2 with early maturity, high disease resistance to downy mildew, powdery mildew, Fusarium wilt and CMV. Their total yield was 82,500 kg/hm2, over 20% higher than that of “Jinchun No.4”, It is heat tolerance in growing period. It has high marketable quality with straight, delicious and crisp fruit. Average fruit is about 35cm length and 200g weight. The variety is suitable for open field producing.

  Advances in Study of Zamioculcas zamiifolia Qian Renjuan, , Wang Biqing, Liao Feixiong, Liang Guoru 2006, 22 (4):  317-317.  Abstract + ( 1747 )   PDF ( 123400KB )   ( 684 ) Zamioculcas zamiifolia that belongs to the family Araceae according to the taxonomists is a unique interior ornamental foliage plant with large compound leaves and big tubers under the ground. ZZ plant has strong tolerance to the drought stress and adaptability to low light. It is propagated mainly by the cuttings of leaf and petiole. The tissue culture system in vitro has been established from the leaf. As the plant’s potential in the production and market, more and more researches including taxonomy, plant physiology, and the technology of propagation and cultivation focus on the plant. The research advance of Zamioculcas Zamiifolia in the last years has been reviewed and the research works in the future also been discussed in the paper.

  Establishment of Asexual Multiplication Systm of Rosa Hybrida He Jiatao, Wang Hui 2006, 22 (4):  321-321.  Abstract + ( 1423 )   PDF ( 127442KB )   ( 425 ) Daiana of Rosa hybrida stem were used as the explant. Study the effects of some factors such as hormone on setting up it’s asexual multiplication systm. The results show:Using B5+BA1.0+IBA0.25 has a better effect on differentiation ;In B5+6-BA1.0~2.0+IBA0.25+GA0.3 the effect on multiplicationh of sprouts is good ,mreproduction rate reach 5.6 to 6.2;Using 50mg/LNAA or 50mg/LIBA solution to sodk stemp for 0.5 to 1 hour and inoculate it in 1/2MS medium which withant hormone has a better effect ,and inoculate it in 1/2MS medium which withant hormone has a better effect. the radication rate above a level of 100 percent, using stroma of perlite or vermiculite the survival rate can reach 94.1%.

  Selection of an Early-sprouting, Cold-resistance and Quality Tea Cultivar “Chanong NO.1” Wang Zhaoxia,, Jiang Changjun,, Li Juan, Li Yeyun 2006, 22 (4):  324-324.  Abstract + ( 1566 )   PDF ( 211607KB )   ( 694 ) The clone seeds of Chuyeqi were induced by N+ implantation, and an Early-sprouting ,Cold-resistance and Quality improved tea cultivar “Chanong NO.1” has been selected by means of systematic selection and vegetative propagation. Based on the cultivar comparative test carried out in 1998—2003, “Chanong NO.1” sprouted very early in spring and the sprouting values were 0.39~0.96 higher than the control cultivar Wannong95, and 0.35~0.57 higher than Fuding -dabaicha .The content of tea chemic material was abundant in fresh leaves and the contents of tea polyphenols, caffeine, amino acids, polysaccharides and resoluble material were 28.22%, 4.81%, 1.51%, 1.55% and 44.82%. Moreover, their ratios were harmonious, resulted in its excellent quality of the made green tea especially in the aspects of aroma and taste. “Chanong NO.1” was strong in cold resistance, especially during the spring frost season. Thus a conclusion may be drawn that it is an effective way of breeding quality tea cultivar by N+ implantations.

  Chinese Cabbage Breeding of Qiubai No: 70 with Resistance Disease and Super Quality Li Yuhua, Shi Dongliang, Zhang Shulin, Song Ruisheng 2006, 22 (4):  328-328.  Abstract + ( 1634 )   PDF ( 166201KB )   ( 1143 ) We applied dissociable microspore culture to Chinese cabbage breeding for resistance disease and super quality, using artificial inoculation method to the plants, and Chinese cabbage Qiubai No:70 with resistance disease and super quality was bred in 2002. The plants of the variety grew strongly, and mature period was 70 days. Its leaf color was dark green, and the leafstalk was light green, having wrinkle surface of the leaf. Leaf globe shape is as a long brush pot. The height of leaf globe was 44cm, being 14cm in diameter and 2.2kg in weight. Its quality and taste was fine. It resisted downy mildew and virus. The per ha. Yield was 108057kg.

  A Study of rooting on Begonia semperflorens Link et Otto’s cuttings Ke cunxiang 2006, 22 (4):  331-331.  Abstract + ( 1376 )   PDF ( 200472KB )   ( 647 ) The rooting of Begonia semperflorens Link et Otto’s cuttings was studied. The results showed that there were great effects of different season, medium and auxin on the rooting of Begonia semperflorens Link et Otto’s cuttings. In the autumn and sand, the cuttings treated with NAA 30mg/L, IAA 30mg/L or IBA 50mg/L rooted well.

  Condition Optimization for Culturing Sterile Tomato Plants In Tissue Culture of Tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Miller ) Wu Zhigang, Song Ming, Wang Zhimin, Niu Yi 2006, 22 (4):  335-335.  Abstract + ( 2620 )   PDF ( 141795KB )   ( 763 ) In this paper, the method of seed sterilization and culture condition of sterile tomato plants are optimized. The better sterilization method with little restrain to germination is 10%NaClO +Tween one drop 30minutes or 10%NaClO 20 min + 0.1%HgCl2 3 min; And the sterile plants in the1/2 MS medium with 1% sucrose are more healthy by comparing their physiological index.

  Preliminary Study on the Growth Patterns of Liriodendron Chinese in Henan Dabei Mountain ZHang Yan, Fan Hongwei 2006, 22 (4):  338-338.  Abstract + ( 1385 )   PDF ( 182172KB )   ( 677 ) Observations on Introduction Liriodendron Chinese in Henan Dabei Mountain, on the annual growing pattern, the results show that during the growth period there is one of height accretion ,two peaks of DBH, that height growth was quick during young. The mean height growth of the first 12years reached 1m/year, the peak period at the fourth year with the increment of 1.65 meter/year the peak period of DBH at the second year which will last for 10 years, Volume increment will last more than 18 years. the growth DBH and Volume growth followed logistic curve.

  Types of Freeze Injury and Diagnostic Characteristics of Winter Wheat and Prevention Measure and Salvage Measure Wang Yonghua, Li Jincai, Wei Fengzhen, Qu Huijuan 2006, 22 (4):  345-345.  Abstract + ( 1363 )   PDF ( 131036KB )   ( 514 ) Studies on types of freeze injury and diagnostic characteristics in the wheat production region located in the reaches of Yellow River and the Huaihe River and the middle and lower Yangtze River. We put forward some prevention measures of defense freeze injury of winter wheat, such as breeding and adopting cold resistance varieties, improving reasonable distribution of wheat varieties, rational planning sowing time and seed quantity according to wheat varieties vernalization characteristics, improving soil tillage and seed sowing quality, improving the quality of seedling before live through the winter, irrigating water in order to preventing frost freeze injury, Scientific top application of rapid Efficiency nitrogen, et al. On the bases, applying corresponding salvage measures according to difference freeze injury seedlings condition.

  Toxicity Determine of 5% Imitating-biology Fungicide to Mostly Disease in Fruit-vegetable Store Life Yang Xiurong, Zhang Huayun, Yan ruixiang, Sun Fengzhi, Liu Shuifang, Wang Yong 2006, 22 (4):  349-349.  Abstract + ( 1342 )   PDF ( 134308KB )   ( 436 ) on the basis of preparatory screening test, the bacteriostasis of 5% biofungicide were compared with other 5 fruit-vegetable fungicides to 5 kinds of diseases of causing from Botrytis squamosa etc. we received 25 toxity lines and correspond EC50.the result show: 5% biofungicide is very excellent, it has high activity to 5 diseases, its effect superior to 20%YintaiEC and chemical pesticide in some diseases.

  The Occurrence and Control Measure of Tomato Leaf Mould in Greenhouse Cao Guangli,, Li Qiyun, Dong Yingshan 2006, 22 (4):  352-352.  Abstract + ( 1400 )   PDF ( 89547KB )   ( 658 ) Leaf mould is a widespread disease of tomato in the world. Its pathogen has been verified to be Cladosporium fulvum Cooke. This disease has become one of the most seriously leaf disease with the increasing areas of green-house vegetable since 1980’s, which has a bad effect on the yield and quality of tomato production. Many scientists have worked a lot on morphological characteristic、biological characteristic、infection symptom and epidemic law of Cladosporium fulvum Cooke. They have made some effective protective measures to reduce loss for this disease. This paper summarized the above-mentioned progresses and some existing problems in nowadays. Two promising bio-protective ways, including bio-pesticide and genetic engineering for plant disease resistance, were also put forward and discussed in this paper.This paper summarized morphological characteristic、biological characteristic、infection symptom and epidemic law of Cladosporium fulvum Cooke，generalized the integrated control measure of the tomato leaf mould，and put forward some necessary research projects in the near future.

  Investigation on the Weed Species and Its Control Techniques in Huaibei Area. Zhao Kaibing, Sun Huihe , Xu Jiachun, Wang Zizhong , Shen Weiliang 2006, 22 (4):  355-355.  Abstract + ( 1585 )   PDF ( 179977KB )   ( 812 ) Investigation on the weed species and control techniques were done in 2001-2003.Speices and community distribution of weed had been found in farmland in Huaibei area.On agriculture control base, some of highly effective economical new chemical Herbicicle had been chosen by tested, and made use of corresponding application technology.Adhibited biological control to some of weeds.

  Effect & Analysis of Metarhizium Anisopliae ULV Eliminating Locusta migratoria manilensis Meyen in Yellow-River Beach Area Li Genlin, Cheng Yaqiao, Xia Li, Ma Li, Sun Bin, Heng Xuemei 2006, 22 (4):  359-359.  Abstract + ( 1502 )   PDF ( 123327KB )   ( 451 ) Through the effect test of the biocide which specialize in eliminating “Locusta migratoria manilensis Meyen” in Yellow-River beach area Zhong Mu County Henan Province between 2003 and 2005,the result clearly indicates:20% of Metarhizium ULV eliminating locusts is particularly effective of eliminating “Locusta migratoria manilensis Meyen”. 15 days after using the biocide with capacity of 400~500ml/hm2, average rectified eliminate rate is even higher than 98%, compared with the biocides 0.4% of Regent ULV and 75% of Malathin ULV with capacity of 1500ml/hm2, the result of effects are the same; moreover, the former has very little negative effect on “Locusta migratoria manilensis Meyen”’s natural enemies such as spiders, beetles & ants; further more, it has no negative effect on environmental factor as well, just according with environmental protection and the demand of bio-diversification of the locust perching area. H’s no doubt it has bright future of widely extending popularity.

  Effect of Temperature on Growth, Development, Reproduction and Survive of Myzus persicae Qin Xiyun, Li Zhengyao 2006, 22 (4):  365-365.  Abstract + ( 1270 )   PDF ( 392546KB )   ( 756 ) The biological character of Myzus persicae includes available accumulation temperature, starting development point and reproduction rate, et al, which were studied in10 different temperature. The results showed that the first initial nymph stages was from 32.54 days to 5.43 days. Above 28℃, development of Myzus persicae was suppressed because of high tempreture. In 28℃, 30℃ and 32℃ the first initial nymph stages were 6.24, 6.68 and 7.19 days. The linear equation regression analytical results showed that the temperature of the lowest starting development point was 4.86℃ in total period, of which the first initial nymph and adult were 5.15℃and 3.67℃. Simultaneously the equation of nonlinear regression analytical results showed that the temperature of the highest development point was 28.47℃ in total period, of which the first initial nymph and adult were 28.05℃and 27.17℃. The available accumulation temperature was 142.86℃,of which the first initial nymph and adult were 21.95℃ and 22.32℃. The survival rate of initial nymph were from 34.76% to72.92% when tempreture changed from 8℃ to 30℃. In addition, the survival rate of initial nymph was 22.50% in 32℃. The average life-span of adult were from 23.42 to 9.57 days. The highest average reproduction rate was 34.56 in 26℃, but the lowest was 13.71 in 32℃. The results were favorable to migration law of Myzus persicae.

  Strategies of Pest, Disease and Weed prevention in Organic vegetable Production Jiao Yansheng,, Guo Shirong 2006, 22 (4):  371-371.  Abstract + ( 1270 )   PDF ( 112563KB )   ( 912 ) For environmental safety, it is essential to produce organic vegetables. In this article, some strategies and techniques concerning pest, disease and weed prevention during vegetable production were presented. They include vegetable rotation, proper application of fertilizers, introducing the newly-developed biological and physical methods such as the application of natural pesticides, and the effective measurements of weed prevention. Combing these techniques with the regulation of growth and development of vegetables, the resistance of vegetables to pest, disease and weed would be improved, and the goal of production of high-quality organic vegetables would be reached.

  Study of the Present Situation and Countermeasures of Water-lever-fluctuating Zone in Three Gorges Reservoir Region Feng Dalan, Liu Yun,, Zhong Zhangcheng 2006, 22 (4):  378-378.  Abstract + ( 1785 )   PDF ( 116161KB )   ( 517 ) It is well known that Phragmites Communis Trin (Reed) has not only high economic value but also wide applied prospects in protection of ecological environment. In this paper, an attempt is made to predict the applied prospects of reed at water-lever-fluctuating Zone in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region by analyzing the present situation, in other words, reed may prevent water erosion, eutrophication in water, heavy metal pollution, solid castoff pollution, garbage infiltration and water pollution, the overrunning of algae and so on. In addition, the reasonable using of reed materials may not only increase the economic income for peasants, but also quicken the pace of economic construction in this region.

  Study on the Law of Pear Root Distribution in River Ancient Channel Zhang Ruifang, Zhang Aijun, Wang Hong, Zhang Haitao, Zhou Damai 2006, 22 (4):  382-382.  Abstract + ( 1243 )   PDF ( 181218KB )   ( 596 ) The root of pear in river ancient channel mainly distributed in the 50~100 cm vertical depth and 100~150cm horizontal width in soil layer. And the absorption root of pear in river ancient channel mainly distributed in the 50~100 cm vertical depth and 150~200 cm horizontal width in soil layer. In sandy soil of this area, the growth of root of mature tree in horizontal exceeded that in vertical. It is opposite with the convention.

  Potentialities in Exploitation and use as well as Continued Development on Land in the three-gorges reservoir area ——Taking Wanzhou in Chongqing as Case Huang Yun, Liao Tiejun, Fu Wali 2006, 22 (4):  385-385.  Abstract + ( 1542 )   PDF ( 128957KB )   ( 468 ) With the case study on Wanzhou in the three-gorges reservoir area, it had been studied and analyzed that the potentialities of exploitation and use on land and ecological safety by established land use database, and it had been revealed that serious loss of water and erosion of soil, ecological Environment fragility, the water conservancy project submergence a large amount of land, arrannements of the numerous immigrations need a large amount of land, contradictory remarkableness among human and land, and the latent crisis by extensive management land were main crises and questions of the land use. On this basis, it is a basic measure for Continued use land to ensure quantity and quality of essential cultivated land, to ensure safe land use and to establish safe system of land resource.

  The Study on the Biomass Carrying Capacity of Limestone Devolution Mountain of taihang in Hebei Wang Hong, Zhang Aijun, Zhou Damai, Ji Xizhu, Zhang Ruifang, Feng Wei 2006, 22 (4):  389-389.  Abstract + ( 1451 )   PDF ( 177619KB )   ( 518 ) The limestone devolution mountain was studied in Hebei. The result showed that the biomass was 3.29 t·hm-2·dry substance in limestone devolution mountain, which was very low. The factors of Natural sources were improved which made the biomass carrying capacity step up from 3.62 sheep units to 7.36 sheep units and 12.78 sheep units. The biomass carrying capacity increased obviously.

  The Germplasm Resource Investigation of Garlic in Hexi Corridor Yinxuegui, Wangqinli, Baotingke, Zhangchunmei, Chenye, Lujinglin, Yangbin 2006, 22 (4):  392-392.  Abstract + ( 1555 )   PDF ( 83947KB )   ( 499 ) From 2003 to 2004 we investigated the germplasm resource of garlics in Hexi corridor (North foot of QiLian Mountain, middle plain of the corridor, north inhabited area). The resource of the investigation showed that a lot of wild garlics grow in mountain areas of north QiLian mountain. The cultivars are various in middle plain of the corridor .Mongolian garlic group are dispersed in northern vast desolate area. Wild garlic haven’t found in eastern area of A Er Jin mountain. Because of serious reclamation, herding, wild germplasm resource of garlics are destroyed in some area. New species are wildly spread the local species are not effectively protected

  Research on Post-evaluation of Land Consolidation Project in Southern Hillside Area Zhong Peilin, Zhou Jiasong, Zhang Hong, Hu Mingdu 2006, 22 (4):  395-395.  Abstract + ( 1727 )   PDF ( 342371KB )   ( 641 ) Post-evaluation of land consolidation project should be carried on to realize supervision and examination in project to reflect actual benefit situation objectively. This paper has established appraising indexes including producing condition, social economy, ecology and environment, and resource in southern hillside area, and has made a case evaluation in Fenquan land consolidation project of Jingyan county applying fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The research reveals that though the comprehensive external benefit of project, producing condition, economy and amount of increased farmland have been put more emphasis than ecology and environment, which has lead to insufficient improving in landscape and entironment. It should be paid more attention in landscape in land consolidation.

  Application of Fly Ash in Prevention of Soil Pollution by Prvention of-G Li Yundong, Jiang Hui, Li Ling, Lu Jie 2006, 22 (4):  400-400.  Abstract + ( 1386 )   PDF ( 106582KB )   ( 522 ) The ability of fly ash to remove acidic golden G from aqueous solutions was examined. Contributing factors to the adsorption effectiveness, including the amount of fly ash added, the pH of solution and temperature for the activation of fly ash, were investigated. It can be shown that the adsorption effect of fly ash on acidic golden G was surprisingly excellent. On most occasions surveyed in this study, the dye can be completely adsorbed by certain amount of fly ash. The optimum parameters recommended were pH 5~6.5, and activation temperature 300℃ respectively.

  Characteristics of Rainfall and Evaporation of Different Region in Recent 30 Years in Hainan Province Zhang Liming, Wei Zhiyuan, Qi Zhiping 2006, 22 (4):  403-403.  Abstract + ( 2272 )   PDF ( 276891KB )   ( 795 ) The characteristics of rainfall and evaporation in different regions in recent 30 years in Hainan Province were researched in this paper according to the weather data in 1974 to 2004 by offered the weather bureau of Hainan Provence and the data of rainfall and evaporation in the weather bureau of Hainan Province which belonged to one chapter of the publication of annals of Hainan Province by published 2005.The results indicated that the rain mostly occurred in the month of 8 to10 and the evaporation mostly occurred in the month of 5 to 7, the evaporation is obviously more than the rainfall in spring and winter and the rainfall is obviously more than the evaporation in summer and autumn except the south and the west which the evaporation is more than the rainfall in most regions of Hainan Province. The results indicated that the average rainfall of one year is more than the average evaporation of one year in east and center and the average evaporation of one year is more than the average rainfall of one year in south, north and west region of Hainan Province.

  Studies on the Effects of Enhanced UV-B Radiation on Growth and Production of Rice Xu Ying, Yin Hong, MaoXiaoYan 2006, 22 (4):  411-411.  Abstract + ( 1702 )   PDF ( 217264KB )   ( 614 ) Two varieties of typical Japonica-type were grown investigated. In order to study the effect of enhanced UV-B radiation on growth Production of rice .The results showed that enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation slowed down the maize development, decreased rice height, tiller number, total leaf area and production, and enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation caused decreased grain number and available spike is the reason that decreased production. Generally speaking, the level of enhanced UV-B radiation is the most factor, the more enhanced UV-B radiation the worse effect to rice. But the inhibitory rate varied in different cultivars and developmental stages.

  The Manage and Course of Science and Technology Service System of Shaanxi Apples Industrial Yang Haiyan, Hu Junpeng, Wang Jun, Qi Gaoqiang, Li Bingzhi 2006, 22 (4):  415-415.  Abstract + ( 1526 )   PDF ( 86918KB )   ( 462 ) On the systems analysis developmental status and problems of Shaanxi apples industrial，put forward the tentative idea with regard to construct the science and technology service system of Shaanxi apple industrial; On the basis, anatomy study and sum up its connotation, manage and course etc. The point carried on deep elaborate to spread the system, the demonstration base network system, apple with technique to standardize the research to the result and applied system, science and technology training the system, the information-based service system etc.

  Research of Theory Basis on Export-oriented Type Economical Drives Agriculture Industrial Production Development Xiaohong Wei 2006, 22 (4):  418-418.  Abstract + ( 1344 )   PDF ( 235220KB )   ( 537 ) The paper research goal is, wants through to contain the number chart as well as the quota and the qualitative method to the international trade, the international investment, the international competition theory inspection, analyzes them to the agricultural industrial production development basic impetus function, proves the export-oriented type economical impetus agriculture industrial production development the possibility. The findings indicated that, In under the economical globalization background, the export-oriented type economical impetus agriculture industrial production development function mainly manifests in: 1st, the export-oriented type economy is presses the agriculture positively to participate in the international division of labor, the gain comparative advantage and the development benefit important way; 2nd, the export-oriented type economy overcomes in the agricultural industrial production developing process own existence question (for example fund insufficiency, agricultural product international competitive power is low, comparative advantage low status and so on) the important method; 3rd, promotes our country further opening to the outside world.

  System Construction of Countrymen’s Political Participation Chen Youhua 2006, 22 (4):  426-426.  Abstract + ( 1367 )   PDF ( 110716KB )   ( 410 ) In China there is a good political system foundation for countrymen to participate in politics, but the system is not consummate, and distempered, countrymen seldom participate institutionally, but quite often informally. In order to ensure that countrymen could participate in politics orderly, canonically, to ensure their participation develop healthily, we must enhance the system construction of countrymen’s political participation, consummate and innovate every legal system.

  The Change of Modern Agricultural Manpower Capital In Taiwan and its Apocalypse to Mainland China Yan Fengzhu 2006, 22 (4):  430-430.  Abstract + ( 1333 )   PDF ( 220943KB )   ( 574 ) The manpower capital is an important productive factor in the modern agricultural development. The article analyzes the change of Taiwanese agricultural manpower capital since 1980's and its relations to the agricultural development based on such three indexes as education, sex and age from the official data followly, and then point that it should value the rural occupation education, face the rural social security and the aged problem, develop the rural economy, speed the little town construction and push forward inner transfer of the rural surplus labor force as the main apocalypses in Mainland China.

  A Quantitative Study on Countryside Comfortable and Harmonious Society Yu Pingfu 2006, 22 (4):  435-435.  Abstract + ( 1387 )   PDF ( 231074KB )   ( 535 ) The development of the countryside comfortable and harmonious society of Guangxi was comprehensively analyzed by the Two-Step Cluster Method with county (city) as study-unit so as to reveal the relationship between a study-unit and an index variable as well as the spatial distribution law. The result showed that the 76 counties (cities) of Guangxi could be divided into 4 developmental types: highly harmonious development type-I, moderate harmonious development type-II, primary harmonious development type-III and entirely underdevelopment type-IV. The difference in development level among the types was obviously in connexion with regions and showed divergent characteristic. The general pattern was high in the east, low in the west, high in the south-east, low in the north-west. And the spatial structure appeared a dot-axle development model.

  The Present Situation and the Coming Tendency of Agricultural Economical Structure in the 3 Regions of China Wu Kai, Lu Bu, Yuan Zhang 2006, 22 (4):  440-440.  Abstract + ( 1329 )   PDF ( 235853KB )   ( 538 ) In the agricultural economic structure of China in 2003, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was 117251.9*108 Yuan (by the comparable price of the year of 2000), in which the ratio among the primary industry, secondary industry and tertiary industry was 14.6:52.2:33.2; the gross output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was 16997.2*108 Yuan (by the fixed price of the year of 1990), in which the ratio among agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was 48.6:5.0:33.8:12.6; and the total sown areas of farm crops was 15241.49*104 hectares, in which the ratio among gain crop, industrial crop and others was 65.2:16.2:18.6. According to the present situation of agricultural economical structure and the difference of the condition of water resources, the coming trend of the agricultural economical structure in the 3 regions of China in 2010 was analyzed in the paper, in which the annual increasing rate of GDP will be 8.2% for the eastern area, 7.1% for the middle area and 6.8% for the western area; the annual increasing rate of the gross output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery will be 4.6% for the eastern area,4.3 % for the middle area and 5.7% for the western area; and the annual increasing rate of the total sown areas of farm crops will be a little.

  Studies on increasing farmers’ income Liu Xuze, Zhang Baojun 2006, 22 (4):  444-444.  Abstract + ( 1149 )   PDF ( 160817KB )   ( 442 ) The eleventh five-year plan on national economy and social development that is passed by the Fourth Session of the Tenth National People’s Congress put forward building a new socialist rural areas. For realizing the objectives, increasing farmers’ income will be the main task on the agriculture and rural work, and step to well-off society for farmers will be accelerated. The paper explains the present situation of increasing farmers’ income from five aspects including multi-resources of increasing farmers’ income, policy failure of increasing farmers’ income and so on. And combining with the facts of unsuitable agricultural structure and hard transfer employment for surplus-labor, the paper analyzes the main reason why increasing farmers’ income becomes slow. Then the paper gives some policy suggestions such as making agricultural strategic adjustment and accelerating rural urbanization through constructing small town to increase the farmers’ income.

  Discussion on Agricultural Development of South Hill and Mountain Area in China Wang Qianzhong, Sun Haoqin 2006, 22 (4):  450-450.  Abstract + ( 1364 )   PDF ( 109830KB )   ( 478 ) Chinese south hill and mountain areas cover 3.1 million square kilometres across 19 provinces (municipalities or autonomous regions) with about 400 million population. These areas have rich resources and great potential in agricultural production. At present, the investment on science and technology and basic infrastructure is short; farmers’ education level is low; research results applied for hill and mountain areas directly are few.The primary agricultural development objectives are as follows: to uphold market oriented, to take the culture of science as the key of development, to ensure security and increase of grain production, to develop special agricultural and animal farming zone with diversity, high efficiency and fine quality, to guarantee farmers’ increase of both production and income, and to continue to promote brand, standardisation, quality and sustainable production of agricultural and animal farming industries in these areas.First, being as a key subject, the application of the culture of science must be included into the demonstration project of extending agricultural science and technology into each household. The culture of science will enhance the mode of thinking and behaviour as well as view over the basis of scientific outlook for farmers. Therefore, the culture of science is the precursor of the development of hill and mountain areas.Second, to pay equal attention to materials and social basic infrastructure project. In addition, should pay great attention to protection of cultivated land and put cultivated land on an equal importance with rural, agriculture and farmers as a whole.

  Reformation and Development of Basic Supply and Marketing Cooperatives Based on the Agricultural Industrialization Song Yanhe, Buwajian-Abula 2006, 22 (4):  454-454.  Abstract + ( 1538 )   PDF ( 83531KB )   ( 505 ) The state of supply and marketing cooperatives has been already better than before on the whole, but the reformation and development of basic cooperatives has still lagged seriously. The carriers of organization are needed to connect farmers with market when the agricultural industrialization is in the ascendant currently. Participation of the cooperatives in agricultural industrialization is the need of development, the requirement of the age, decided by the tenet of serving for farmers. The richness of people and mightiness of basic cooperatives are achieved during the participation in agricultural industrialization, according to the concrete conditions.

  Status and Countermeasures of Special Agricultural Products in the Middle Dry Area of Ningxia Jiang Xueqin, Wu Qihong 2006, 22 (4):  457-457.  Abstract + ( 1164 )   PDF ( 114835KB )   ( 587 ) In recent years, the industry scale is enlarged ,the market is extended, the sale system is built, the development is very fast on special products and it is becoming a main industry for increasing farmers’ income in the middle dry area of Ningxia., but there are still many problems, such as: short of water resources, smaller scale and lower level of industrial management, leading enterprises are weaker, industrial system isn’t built, cooperative organizations aren’t to be organized very well and scientific serves system doesn’t fit to the fact. Through analyzing the facing problems, this article gives some countermeasures and advices, which are to enhance irrigation foundation establishment, increase investment, enlarge scale, strength leading enterprises, build new brands, activate currency, rely science, improve efficiency.