Anthocyanins in ‘Zijia No.1’: Extraction Process and Antioxidant Activity Analysis

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-0108

Abstract

Abstract:

This study aims to optimize the extraction process of anthocyanins in ‘Zijia No.1’ and to discuss their antioxidant activities in vitro. The solvent extraction method was used to extract anthocyanins from tender stems and leaves of ‘Zijia No.1’. The effects of extraction time, temperature, solid-liquid ratio, ethanol concentration and the number of extraction times on the extraction rate of anthocyanins were analyzed by single factor and orthogonal experiments, and then the optimal extraction process of anthocyanins in ‘Zijia No.1’ was obtained. The antioxidant activities of anthocyanins in ‘Zijia No.1’ were measured by the method of salicylic acid, autoxidation of pyrogallol and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH). The results showed that the optimal extraction process was as follows: 50℃ of extraction temperature, 2.5 h of extraction time, 1:100 g/mL of solid-liquid ratio, 55% of ethanol and two times of extraction. Under this process, the extraction rate was 62.34 mg/100 g, which was close to the actual concentration of 56.23 mg/100 g, suggesting that the result was accurate and reliable. The anthocyanins in ‘Zijia No.1’ had obvious scavenging activities against hydroxyl free radical (·OH), superoxide free radical (O₂^-·) and DPPH free radical, and the half inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) was 0.488 mg/mL, 0.764 mg/mL and 0.032 mg/mL, respectively. This method could effectively extract anthocyanins from tender stems and leaves of ‘Zijia No.1’ and the obtained anthocyanins demonstrate obvious antioxidant activity in vitro.

Key words: Zijia No.1, tender stems and leaves, anthocyanins, solvent extraction, antioxidant activity

ZHOU Jinyan, ZHANG Yun, LIU Liangyan, RUAN Liuyang, ZHANG Hui, ZENG Qianchun. Anthocyanins in ‘Zijia No.1’: Extraction Process and Antioxidant Activity Analysis[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(3): 133-140.

Figures/Tables 10

References 30

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变量	水平
变量	1	2	3
浸提时间/h	2	2.5	3
浸提温度/℃	40	45	50
料液比/(g/mL)	1:90	1:100	1:110
乙醇浓度/%	45	55	65
提取次数/次	2	3	4

变量	水平
变量	1	2	3
浸提时间/h	2	2.5	3
浸提温度/℃	40	45	50
料液比/(g/mL)	1:90	1:100	1:110
乙醇浓度/%	45	55	65
提取次数/次	2	3	4

编号	参数水平					提取率/(mg/100g)
编号	A	B	C	D	E	提取率/(mg/100g)
1	2	2	2	2	1	54.75
2	2	1	3	1	3	35.85
3	1	2	3	1	2	35.37
4	3	3	3	3	1	47.98
5	1	1	1	1	1	42.04
6	1	1	2	3	1	54.83
7	3	1	2	1	3	41.34
8	1	3	1	2	3	37.85
9	1	3	2	1	2	54.28
10	2	3	1	1	1	55.14
11	3	1	1	2	2	52.96
12	2	1	1	3	2	56.23
13	1	1	3	2	1	55.04
14	3	2	1	1	1	42.20
15	1	1	1	1	1	46.22
16	1	2	1	3	3	38.88
K₁	364.51	384.51	352.44	371.52	398.20	…
编号	参数水平					提取率/(mg/100g)
编号	A	B	C	D	E	提取率/(mg/100g)
K₂	201.97	171.2	200.60	205.20	198.84	…
K₃	184.48	195.25	197.92	174.24	153.92	…
最佳水平	A₂	B₃	C₂	D₂	E₁	…
R	4.93	6.01	6.10	7.74	11.29	…
顺序	E>D>C>B>A

编号	参数水平					提取率/(mg/100g)
编号	A	B	C	D	E	提取率/(mg/100g)
1	2	2	2	2	1	54.75
2	2	1	3	1	3	35.85
3	1	2	3	1	2	35.37
4	3	3	3	3	1	47.98
5	1	1	1	1	1	42.04
6	1	1	2	3	1	54.83
7	3	1	2	1	3	41.34
8	1	3	1	2	3	37.85
9	1	3	2	1	2	54.28
10	2	3	1	1	1	55.14
11	3	1	1	2	2	52.96
12	2	1	1	3	2	56.23
13	1	1	3	2	1	55.04
14	3	2	1	1	1	42.20
15	1	1	1	1	1	46.22
16	1	2	1	3	3	38.88
K₁	364.51	384.51	352.44	371.52	398.20	…
编号	参数水平					提取率/(mg/100g)
编号	A	B	C	D	E	提取率/(mg/100g)
K₂	201.97	171.2	200.60	205.20	198.84	…
K₃	184.48	195.25	197.92	174.24	153.92	…
最佳水平	A₂	B₃	C₂	D₂	E₁	…
R	4.93	6.01	6.10	7.74	11.29	…
顺序	E>D>C>B>A