Abstract:

To evaluate the effect of different vegetation on soil ecological restoration in coal mine wasteland reclamation area, this paper used traditional methods to study soil microbial diversity and physicochemical properties of peach forest, wasteland, cedar forest, plum forest and green manure vegetation in reclamation area. The results are as follows. (1) The soil physicochemical properties of different vegetation were significantly different. The area was extremely rich in total phosphorus, lack in available nitrogen, total potassium and organic matter, and with medium level of available phosphorus and pH<5.8. (2) Among the three major microorganisms in this area, the proportion of bacteria was 87.58%-99.57%, which was the dominant colony under various vegetation, and there was a small difference under different vegetation; the proportions of fungi and actinomycetes had large difference, and the B/F value and the total number of the three major microorganisms of green manure vegetation were the largest. (3) The most culturable functional microorganisms in this area were ammoniated bacteria, iron bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, but there were significant differences of the amount of bacteria among different vegetation, and the dominant functional microorganisms under different vegetation were different, such as iron bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in peach forest, iron bacteria in wasteland, ammoniated bacteria and iron bacteria in cedar forest, ammoniated bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria in plum forest, and ammoniated bacteria in green manure vegetation. The total number of culturable functional bacteria in cedar forest and green manure vegetation was 4.50 times and 3.48 times that of peach forest, respectively. (4) Under different vegetation types, the diversity of the three major microorganisms was higher in cedar forest, which was 0.71; the diversity index of some culturable functional bacteria was higher in wasteland, which was 1.52; ammoniated bacteria were mostly affected by soil physicochemical properties, followed by inorganic phosphorus bacteria and organic phosphorus bacteria. This study found that the dominant functional microorganisms under different vegetation in this area were ammoniated bacteria, iron bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and could provide some reference for the restoration of coal mine reclaimed soil.

Key words: coal mine wasteland, vegetation type, soil physicochemical properties, culturable microorganisms, diversity