Effects of Combined Amendments on the Availability of Cadmium, Lead, Arsenic and Trace Elements in Acidic Soils

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2022-1004

Abstract

Abstract:

Screening out combined amendments, which can simultaneous immobilize cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), arsenic (As) and have little effect on the availability of medium and trace elements, can provide a scientific basis for the remediation the acidic multi-heavy metals contaminated soil. A soil culture experiment was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of sepiolite (S), ferro-manganese ore powder (F) and biochar (B) and their combinations on the availability of Cd, Pb, As, zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in acidic multi-heavy metals contaminated soil at the same dose (6 g/kg soil). The results showed that sepiolite, Fe-Mn ore powder, biochar and their combinations increased soil pH and decreased the available concentrations of Cd, Pb and As in soil. The effectiveness of combined treatments on reducing the availability of Cd, Pb and As was better than that of single treatments. The three amendment materials and their combinations reduced the availability of Zn to a certain extent, and the three amendment materials and most of their combinations reduced the availability of Fe and Mn. The efficiency of simultaneous immobilization of Cd, Pb and As by S₅F₁B₀ combination was relatively high. Compared with the control, the concentration of available Cd, Pb, As, and Zn in soil treated with S₅F₁B₀ was reduced by 30.9%, 84.5%, 60.2% and 32.5%, respectively, while the concentration of available Mn was increased by 19.9%. The concentration of available Cd, Pb, Zn, and Mn were significantly negatively correlated with pH. The combination of S₅F₁B₀ had a high efficiency of simultaneous immobilization of Cd, Pb, and As in the multi-heavy metals contaminated soil, which could appropriately improve the Mn availability, and Zn should be properly supplied when the combination is applied.

Key words: amendment materials, cadmium, lead, arsenic, medium and trace elements, availability

ZHOU Qingyun, WANG Hui, XU Chao, WU Meiyan, LUO Zunchang, ZHANG Quan, ZHU Qihong, ZHU Hanhua, HUANG Daoyou. Effects of Combined Amendments on the Availability of Cadmium, Lead, Arsenic and Trace Elements in Acidic Soils[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2023, 39(14): 33-40.

Figures/Tables 5

References 43

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钝化材料	pH	CEC/ (cmol/kg)	有机质/ (g/kg)	总氮/ (g/kg)	重金属全量/(mg/kg)
钝化材料	pH	CEC/ (cmol/kg)	有机质/ (g/kg)	总氮/ (g/kg)	Cd	Pb	As	Zn	Mn	Fe
土壤	5.24	12.6	36.4	2.10	9.69	699.0	304.2	674.4	826.7	41129
海泡石	9.07	28.0			0.22	38.6	3.00	1.80	28.2
铁锰矿粉	7.19	3.3			4.34	13.6	33.9	5.61	32.2
生物炭	10.57	31.8			1.37	22.1	6.22	3.39	17.8

钝化材料	pH	CEC/ (cmol/kg)	有机质/ (g/kg)	总氮/ (g/kg)	重金属全量/(mg/kg)
钝化材料	pH	CEC/ (cmol/kg)	有机质/ (g/kg)	总氮/ (g/kg)	Cd	Pb	As	Zn	Mn	Fe
土壤	5.24	12.6	36.4	2.10	9.69	699.0	304.2	674.4	826.7	41129
海泡石	9.07	28.0			0.22	38.6	3.00	1.80	28.2
铁锰矿粉	7.19	3.3			4.34	13.6	33.9	5.61	32.2
生物炭	10.57	31.8			1.37	22.1	6.22	3.39	17.8

处理	钝化材料用量			处理	钝化材料用量			处理	钝化材料用量
处理	海泡石(S)	铁锰矿粉(F)	生物炭(B)	处理	海泡石(S)	铁锰矿粉(F)	生物炭(B)	处理	海泡石(S)	铁锰矿粉(F)	生物炭(B)
CK	0	0	0	S₄F₀B₂	4	0	2	S₁F₄B₁	1	4	1
S₆F₀B₀	6	0	0	S₃F₀B₃	3	0	3	S₁F₁B₄	1	1	4
S₀F₆B₀	0	6	0	S₂F₀B₄	2	0	4	S₃F₂B₁	3	2	1
S₀F₀B₆	0	0	6	S₁F₀B₅	1	0	5	S₃F₁B₂	3	1	2
S₅F₁B₀	5	1	0	S₀F₅B₁	0	5	1	S₂F₃B₁	2	3	1
S₄F₂B₀	4	2	0	S₀F₄B₂	0	4	2	S₂F₁B₃	2	1	3
S₃F₃B₀	3	3	0	S₀F₃B₃	0	3	3	S₁F₂B₃	1	2	3
S₂F₄B₀	2	4	0	S₀F₂B₄	0	2	4	S₁F₃B₂	1	3	2
S₁F₅B₀	1	5	0	S₀F₁B₅	0	1	5	S₂F₂B₂	2	2	2
S₅F₀B₁	5	0	1	S₄F₁B₁	4	1	1

处理	钝化材料用量			处理	钝化材料用量			处理	钝化材料用量
处理	海泡石(S)	铁锰矿粉(F)	生物炭(B)	处理	海泡石(S)	铁锰矿粉(F)	生物炭(B)	处理	海泡石(S)	铁锰矿粉(F)	生物炭(B)
CK	0	0	0	S₄F₀B₂	4	0	2	S₁F₄B₁	1	4	1
S₆F₀B₀	6	0	0	S₃F₀B₃	3	0	3	S₁F₁B₄	1	1	4
S₀F₆B₀	0	6	0	S₂F₀B₄	2	0	4	S₃F₂B₁	3	2	1
S₀F₀B₆	0	0	6	S₁F₀B₅	1	0	5	S₃F₁B₂	3	1	2
S₅F₁B₀	5	1	0	S₀F₅B₁	0	5	1	S₂F₃B₁	2	3	1
S₄F₂B₀	4	2	0	S₀F₄B₂	0	4	2	S₂F₁B₃	2	1	3
S₃F₃B₀	3	3	0	S₀F₃B₃	0	3	3	S₁F₂B₃	1	2	3
S₂F₄B₀	2	4	0	S₀F₂B₄	0	2	4	S₁F₃B₂	1	3	2
S₁F₅B₀	1	5	0	S₀F₁B₅	0	1	5	S₂F₂B₂	2	2	2
S₅F₀B₁	5	0	1	S₄F₁B₁	4	1	1

处理	pH	元素有效态含量
处理	pH	Cd	Pb	As
CK	5.27 ± 0.03 i	5.84 ± 0.54 a	7.57 ± 0.90 a	4.37 ± 0.27 a
S₆F₀B₀	5.61 ± 0 cd	3.51 ± 0.49 h	2.04 ± 0.23 h-l	1.98 ± 0.10 efg
S₀F₆B₀	5.30 ± 0.04 hi	5.24 ± 0.22 ab	3.58 ± 0.35 bcd	2.98 ± 0.30 c
S₀F₀B₆	5.62 ± 0.02 cd	3.98 ± 0.26 e-h	1.66 ± 0.29 jkl	2.46 ± 0.53 c-g
S₅F₁B₀	5.51 ± 0.04 ef	4.03 ± 0.14 d-h	1.17 ± 0.13 l	1.74 ± 0.11 g
S₄F₂B₀	5.46 ± 0.02 efg	4.62 ± 0.27 b-f	1.55 ± 0.29 kl	2.14 ± 0.35 d-g
S₃F₃B₀	5.39 ± 0 gh	4.45 ± 0.39 b-g	2.59 ± 0.03 e-j	2.53 ± 0.17 c-f
S₂F₄B₀	5.31 ± 0 hi	4.46 ± 0.29 b-g	2.99 ± 0.13 c-g	2.76 ± 0.19 cde
S₁F₅B₀	5.30 ± 0.01 hi	4.93 ± 0.27 bc	3.86 ± 0.30 bc	2.79 ± 0.21 cd
S₅F₀B₁	5.54 ± 0.03 def	3.65 ± 0.14 gh	2.10 ± 0.11 g-l	3.05 ± 0.11 c
S₄F₀B₂	5.54 ± 0.02 def	3.79 ± 0.27 fgh	1.55 ± 0.22 kl	2.89 ± 0.08 cd
S₃F₀B₃	5.54 ± 0.03 def	3.77 ± 0.10 fgh	1.63 ± 0.25 kl	1.97 ± 0.06 fg
S₂F₀B₄	5.55 ± 0.01 de	3.87 ± 0.19 e-h	2.62 ± 0.24 b-h	2.71 ± 0.29 c-f
S₁F₀B₅	5.55 ± 0.04 def	3.52 ± 0.19 h	2.39 ± 0.21 f-k	3.17 ± 0.02 bc
S₀F₅B₁	5.30 ± 0.02 hi	5.00 ± 0.05 abc	3.59 ± 0.11 bcd	3.05 ± 0.08 c
S₀F₄B₂	5.32 ± 0.03 hi	4.89 ± 0.11 bc	3.78 ± 0.23 bcd	3.12 ± 0.17 c
S₀F₃B₃	5.54 ± 0.04 def	4.28 ± 0.21 c-h	3.19 ± 0.32 c-f	2.76 ± 0.08 cde
S₀F₂B₄	5.66 ± 0.05 bc	4.35 ± 0.14 c-f	2.31 ± 0.09 f-k	2.66 ± 0.23 c-f
S₀F₁B₅	5.68 ± 0.01 abc	3.89 ± 0.12 e-h	1.85 ± 0.21 i-l	2.70 ± 0.24 c-f
S₄F₁B₁	5.76 ± 0 a	3.99 ± 0.31 d-g	2.11 ± 0.19 g-l	2.51 ± 0.25 c-f
S₁F₄B₁	5.46 ± 0.03 fg	4.86 ± 0.14 bcd	3.41 ± 0.24 b-e	2.61 ± 0.14 c-f
S₁F₁B₄	5.71 ± 0.04 ab	4.36 ± 0.17 c-f	2.86 ± 0.13 d-h	2.57 ± 0.22 c-f
S₃F₂B₁	5.61 ± 0 cd	4.55 ± 0.56 b-f	3.78 ± 0.32 bcd	2.40 ± 0.82 c-g
S₃F₁B₂	5.71 ± 0 ab	4.34 ± 0.22 c-f	3.41 ± 0.18 b-e	2.95 ± 0.36 c
S₂F₃B₁	5.67 ± 0.07 abc	4.54 ± 0.33 b-f	4.28 ± 0.50 b	3.83 ± 0.07 ab
S₂F₁B₃	5.73 ± 0.01 ab	3.97 ± 0.20 e-h	3.07 ± 0.16 c-f	3.05 ± 0.04 c
S₁F₂B₃	5.68 ± 0.01 abc	4.64 ± 0.15 b-e	3.56 ± 0.08 bcd	3.80 ± 0.19 ab
S₁F₃B₂	5.62 ± 0.03 cd	4.46 ± 0.10 b-g	3.93 ± 0.40 bc	3.88 ± 0.02 a
S₂F₂B₂	5.61 ± 0.01 cd	4.68 ± 0.22 b-e	3.80 ± 0.31 bc	3.04 ± 0.11 c