Abstract:

To clarify the influences of different tillage measures and chemical treatments on yield and occurrence of fusarium head blight of wheat, two tillage and straw utilization methods (deep-rotating straw buried and no-tillage straw mulching), three chemicals (control, chemical agents and biological preparation) and five wheat varieties were selected during 2019-2022, to study the occurrence of fusarium head blight in wheat, the effect of chemical control and genotype difference under different tillage and straw utilization methods. The results indicated that the higher incidence of fusarium head blight in 2022 was mainly related to the rainfall during flowering and grain filling stage. The yield of no-tillage straw mulch was significantly higher than that under deep-rotating straw buried by 11.76%-58.82%, mainly due to the difference of spike number, the soil fusarium content and rate of diseased grains under no-tillage were significantly lower than those under rotary tillage, but the diseased panicle rate and perithecium number were significantly higher than those under deep tillage. In the year of mild fusarium head blight occurrence, the effect of biological preparation was optimum, followed by chemical treatment. In the year of severe fusarium head blight occurrence, chemical treatment was slightly better than that of biological preparation. Among the varieties, ‘Mianmai 902’ had higher yield, but was susceptible to fusarium head blight infection, ‘Chuanmai 618’ had better yield and fusarium head blight resistance performance. On the whole, no-tillage straw mulch was beneficial to yield increase, and the occurrence of fusarium head blight can be effectively inhibited by the use of resistant varieties and reasonable agents.

Key words: tillage method, biological preparation, fusarium head blight of wheat, diseased panicle rate, perithecium number