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Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (34): 63-69.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2024-0120

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Life History of Allium saxatile and Analysis of Major Nutrients and Functional Components

BAYIYA Tuoliewuhan(), WANG Le, WANG Yufei, GUO Yan, LIN Chenyi()   

  1. College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052
  • Received:2024-02-27 Revised:2024-09-17 Online:2024-12-05 Published:2024-12-03

Abstract:

To effectively protect and develop the Xinjiang wild Allium resource, Allium saxatile, its annual life history and main nutritional and functional components were analyzed. Under ex-situ conditions, the characteristics of the time, temperature, and sunlight duration during each period of A. saxatile annual life cycle from germination to dormancy were observed and compared with those of A. tuberosum. The main nutritional and functional components of the whole plant were analyzed. The study revealed that the annual life cycle of A. saxatile began in early March, entered reproductive growth in May-June, and ended in early November with features of secondary growth and tillering during this period. The crude fiber and vitamin C contents of A. saxatile were 36.12% and 47.00% higher than those of A. tuberosum respectively. Its allicin content was 48.13% higher than that of A. tuberosum. The DPPH· scavenging ability, O2-· scavenging rate, ·OH scavenging rate, and total Fe3+ reducing power of A. saxatile were all higher than those of A. tuberosum and increased with the increase of the test concentration of the ethanol extract. Correlation and principal component analysis indicated that vitamin C, crude fiber, and total phenol content were the main nutritional and functional components of A. saxatile. Its antioxidant capacity was mainly reflected in the O2-· scavenging rate and total Fe3+ reducing power. There was a highly significant positive correlation between total phenol content and both the O2-· scavenging rate and DPPH· scavenging ability (r=1). A. saxatile is tolerant to low temperatures but not high temperatures, blooms under long-day conditions. The whole plant of A. saxatile is edible, and its nutritional and functional components related to its antioxidant capacity. As a functional vegetable with both edible and medicinal value, A. saxatile has extremely high development and utilization potential.

Key words: Allium saxatile, vitamin C, total phenols, DPPH· scavenging capacity, total Fe3+ reducing capacity, nutritional components, functional components