Abstract: This paper is mainly on the influence of soil organic matter (SOM) content of Pinus massoniana forest during the process of ecological restoration in karst rocky desertification area, the northwest of Guangxi. The correlation between SOM of the plots and the ecological factor, such as aspect, altitude, recovery time, vegetation types were analyzed. It is showed that the SOM of Pinus massoniana was positively correlated to soil moisture, conductivity, amount of litter and cellulose decomposition strength, but negative correlated to the organic matter of litter. The influence of aspect on SOM is obviously, generally speaking, the soil organic matter content of the southeast slope is much higher than that of the northwest slope. In a certain range of time, the longer of the vegetation recover time, the higher of the soil organic matter content. Although, there is a downward trend of SOM in Pinus massoniana forest with the increase of the altitude. Because the ecological environment is very fragile, so, it is easy affected by human activity. Different frequency and different intensity of man-made interference results in different changes of SOM, the stronger of disturbance, the much lower of SOM, in the end, the soil will become more barren.