Current issue

• 2019 Vol.35 No.17 Published:25 June 2019

  Application of Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers on Super Rice‘5 You 103’ 董春华,洪曦,,周孟瑜,罗尊长 and 周 旋 2019, 35 (17):  1-7.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18080093 Abstract + ( 646 )   PDF ( 1385KB )   ( 136 ) [Objectives][Methods] In order to explore the different slow/controlled release fertilizers application effect of combination model in super late rice. The effects of Jinjiu (27-11-12), Jinjiu (24-14-16), Yongxiao (22-8-15), MEISTER 7 and MEISTERS 15 on the yield, its components and fertilizer use efficiency of super rice "5 You 103" were studied by comparing with "compound fertilizer (25-10-16) + urea" (conventional fertilization mode). [Results]The test results showed that the use of different slow/controlled release fertilizers under the combined application mode of "Yongxiao (22-8-15) + MEISTER 7" had the highest fertilizer utilization efficiency. its leaf length, the SPAD value of tillering stage, the SPAD value of elongation-heading stage,, the uniformity of breakage and heading and Three leaf area were 13.9%, 4.0%, 8.4%, 15.2%, and 19.2% higher than those of conventional fertilization significantly; its rice yield, plant height, effective tiller number were -1.7%, 2.3%, and 2.0% higher than conventional fertilizers, with no significant difference. “Jinjiu” and “Yongxiao” series of slow/controlled release fertilizers can significantly increase the fertilizer utilization efficiency. The N, P, and K utilization efficiency is 3.0%~19.9%, 2.1%~8.9% and 3.2%~13.7% higher than conventional fertilization respectively. [Conclusion]Under the experimental conditions, comprehensive rice yield, fertilizer use efficiency, and rice population structure, etc., "Yongxiao (22-8-15) + MEISTER 7" treatment has the best fertilization mode, "Yongxiao (22-8-15) + urea treatment followed.

  Effect of the Combination of Density and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Grain Yield and Economic Efficiency of Red Strong Gluten Wheat Cultivar Zhenmai 12 2019, 35 (17):  8-11.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18020034 Abstract + ( 533 )   PDF ( 1188KB )   ( 268 ) In order to provide a scientific basis for the Huainan red wheat of strong gluten wheat production in Jiangsu province,by exploring the effects of plant density and nitrogen fertilizer on yield and economic efficiency of red strong gluten wheat. The red high yield and quality of strong gluten wheat cultivar Zhenmai 12 was used as tested material,which was bred by Zhenjiang institute of agricultural science in the hilly area of Jiangsu province , using randomized block design, with two factors of density and nitrogen The experiments were conducted to study the effect of plant density (225×104 ,300×104and 375×104 seedlings/hm2) and nitrogen application rate(90,120 and 150 kg/hm2) on the grain yield and economic efficiency of Zhenmai 12. The results showed that the influence of plant density,nitrogen application and interaction effect on grain yield was significant or highly significant, and the influence of plant density and the interaction between plant density and nitrogen application on economic efficiency of Zhenmai 12 was highly significant.Under the experimental conditions, the combination treatment of M1N3 had the highest grain yield and economic efficiency with the spike number of 435.6×104 spike/hm2, 37.1 grains per panicle,45.3g per 1000 grains. The grain yield and economic efficiency were 6519.8 kg/hm2 and 4438.7 yuan/hm2 respectively.

  Response of Different Maize Cultivars to High Temperature Stress during Spike Differentiation and Heading stage 2019, 35 (17):  12-19.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18050142 Abstract + ( 591 )   PDF ( 1263KB )   ( 239 ) Through the analysis of the maize cultivars yield exposed to continuous high-temperature heat damage from July 10 to July 15, 2017 (spikelet differentiation stage) and from August 2 to August 5 (tasseling stage). In order to select the region of summer high temperature-resistant maize cultivars, ‘ Zhengdan 958’ as control, the ear characters and yield the main indexes, and the ear position coefficient was also taken into account. Based on cluster analysis, it could be classified that among all maize cultivars, ‘Mingkeyu77’ is most optimal cultivars, with high-temperature resistance and lower-ear height coefficients, the ear height coefficients was reduced by 13.04% compared with control cultivars. According to comprehensive evaluation, screen seven high-temperature resistent and lower-ear height coefficients maize cultivar :‘Mingkeyu77’,‘Defa5hao’,‘Qingnong11’,‘Zhengda12’,‘Yufeng303’,‘Jinhai13’,‘Yufeng105’.The physiological mechanism of high temperature stress resistance remains to be further studied.

  Agronomic characters and quality characteristics of adzuki bean of Sanjiang PlantFeng Peng1,2, Sun Li2, Shen Xiaohui2, Li Rulai2, Li Zengjie2, Li Zhimin2, Zheng Haiyan2, 2019, 35 (17):  20-24.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18050108 Abstract + ( 794 )   PDF ( 1349KB )   ( 104 ) In this study, we collected the six popular adzuki bean varieties of sanjiang plain which are baoqinghong, nonganhong, zhenzhuhong, tianjinhong, dahongpao to analyze the production trait and quality characters index. The results showed that the plant height, node numbers of main stem and numbers of branches of nonganhong were all best. Pod number per plant and grain number per pod of nonganhong and tianjinhong were the most: 8.6 and 8.8 respectively. Zhenzhuhong seeds color were the brightest, but 100-grain weight were the lowest and nonganhong were the highest reach to 19.6 g. The yield per unit area of nonganhong and zhenzhuhong were much higher than other varieties. The content of protein in nonganhong and amylopectin content in baoqinghong and nonganhong were all the highest. Starch granule size in nonganhong and zhenzhuhong were significantly greater than others, and the production rate of sweetened bean paste were up to 69.60% and 69.63% severally. According to the comprehensive index, 4 antioxidant enzyme activities were ranked as nonganhong ＞baoqinghong＞zhenzhuhong＞dahongpao＞longkenhong 2＞tianjinhong. These results suggest that nonganhong and zhenzhuhong were suitable to plant in sanjiang plain.

  Community characteristics and scale effects of species diversity for a secondary Lithocarpus glaber forest in Lushan Mountain 2019, 35 (17):  25-31.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18050046 Abstract + ( 476 )   PDF ( 1434KB )   ( 223 ) Subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest is one of important vegetation types in the world. Here we report preliminary results of community composition and structure, species diversity index and size effects of Lushan forest plot. We established a 1 hm2 (100m×100m) Lithocarpus glaber forest permanent plot from September 2014 to June 2015 in mid-subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest of Lushan Nature Reserve, China. Following the standard census procedure of the China Forest Ecosystem Research Network (CFERN), all free-standing trees diameter at breast height (DBH)≥1 cm in the forest were mapped, tagged and identified to species. The wood plants were counted, and the community composition and scale effect of diversity index were analyzed by Spss19.0 and biodiversity software. The results show that: the 162 species of woody plants were emerged, the tree layer (DBH ≥1cm) have 104 species in 1 hm2. According to the rank of communities important value, the top 3 species were Lithocarpus glaber, Litsea cubeba and Loropetalum chinense; and according to the relative dominance of top 3 species were Lithocarpus glaber, Loropetalum chinense and Castanopsis eyrei, accounted for 36.1% 14.3% and 9.2%, respectively. The species diversity index were relied on scale, with increasing size scale of area, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index was showed significantly increased and after stable value, the Evenness index was decreased first and then stabilized, Simpson''s-Dominance appeared the maximum and then gradually decreased, diversity index value of the secondary forest tree layer is stable when the sample size scale at 4900 m2, and the shrub layer maintained a stable value when at 2500 m2.

  Effect of biochar substituting for peat on flue-cured tobacco growth 胡建华 2019, 35 (17):  32-36.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18090043 Abstract + ( 496 )   PDF ( 1210KB )   ( 86 ) The effect of biochar with different sources substituting for peat on tobacco seedling growth. Results showed that tobacco seedling at each stage growed well in the treatment of 50% maize straw-derived biochar substituting for peat. The rates of tobacco emergence and seedling were significantly higher than those in other treatments, which were up to 91.4%, 97.5%, respectively. Additionally, the indices including stem height, stem girth, biomass of each part as well as root shoot ratio were in higher level. By contrast, the growth of tobacco seedling was delayed in the treatment of 70% tobacco stalk-derived biochar substituting for peat, with each index obviously lower than other treatments. In conclusion, the maize straw-derived biochar has the potential to be the floating seedling substrate substituting for peat. The improvement of tobacco stalk-derived biochar was weaker than maize straw-derived biochar, which even retarded tobacco growth.

  Studies on Introduction, Cultivation and Evaluation of Succulents in WuhanDong Yanfang1, Tong Jun1, Mao Jin1, Fang Linchuan1, Guo Caixia2, Tan Qing2, Cheng Ping3, 2019, 35 (17):  37-39.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18020080 Abstract + ( 418 )   PDF ( 1235KB )   ( 80 ) Abstract: The study aims to promote the germination of lateral buds of crassulaceous succulent plants. The experiments were conducted on Sedum rubrotinctum、Graptopetalum ‘Bronze’ and other 4 cultivars of crassulaceous succulents in Wuhan during 2015-2016. The results showed that: lateral buds could be greatly promoted as follows: removing the 2/3 of leaves from the stems of the plants, spraying 6-BA solution with a concentration of 1000 mg/L to the exposed stems once a week for 5 weeks, the spraying amount of each stem is 5 mL. 【CONCLUSION】：The stem spraying of 6-BA can effectively promote the lateral bud germination of the crassulaceous succulent plants.

  Comprehensive Evaluation and Diagnosis of Sustainable Land Use in Limestone Mountain Areas 2019, 35 (17):  40-47.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19010107 Abstract + ( 447 )   PDF ( 1368KB )   ( 193 ) In order to explore the sustainable use level of limestone mountainous areas in Guangxi and coordinate the scientific development of the region, this paper selects 15 indicators from three aspects: social acceptability, production economy and ecological security to construct a comprehensive evaluation system for sustainable land use, and uses the triangular model and the entropy weight method and other methods comprehensively analyzed the sustainable use of land in 32 counties (districts) in the limestone mountainous area of Guangxi. It not only identifies the problems of land use in various districts and counties, but also identifies the obstacles that affect the sustainable use of land. The research shows that 11 counties (districts) such as Xingbin District, Jinchengjiang District and Liujiang District are relatively sustainable, and 10 counties (districts) such as Donglan County and Pingguo County are weakly sustainable, while 11 counties such as Luocheng County and Xincheng County are unsustainable. According to the diagnosis results of obstacle factors and combing with the development planning requirements of Guangxi"s main functional areas, all counties (districts) in the limestone mountainous areas can explore the transformation of land differential utilization to achieve a better land sustainable use model.

  Spatial Variation Characteristics of Soil Total Nitrogen and Organic Matter in agricultural demonstration zone of Northwest in Guizhou Based on GIS and Geostatistics 吴美玲 and 2019, 35 (17):  48-53.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18050038 Abstract + ( 395 )   PDF ( 3236KB )   ( 146 ) Using geo-statistics methods,an invstigation was conducted on the spatial variability of soil pH, organic matter, t available N, P, K, and total N, P, K in Shuixi Sightseeing agriculture demonstration zone of Qianxi County (Wuluoba Communities). The results showed that pH was weak variability and the reaining indicators were medium variability, pH, organic matter, t available N, P, Kand total N were lower distributiton in the central region, organic matter were higher distribution in northern and southern regions, available K was high est distribution in eastern region, total N ,K were highest distribution in northern regions.The C0 /(C0 + C) was 31.935% of organic matter, showing a medium spatial correlation, and the reaining indicators indicating showing strong spatial correlations.

  Evaluation of Cultivated land Fertility Based on high-standard Farmland Construction: a case study of the Increase Grain Production Capacity Field Project in Shimen County 2019, 35 (17):  54-59.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18080105 Abstract + ( 359 )   PDF ( 1413KB )   ( 137 ) [Objective]By taking the newly increased grain production capacity field project in Shimen County of Hunan Province as an example, the farmland fertility of the pre-construction and post-construction in the construction area conducts the integrated evaluation. [Method]A total of 10 evaluation factors including topographic position, drainage capacity, irrigation capacity, obstacle factors, profile configuration, topsoil thickness, topsoil texture, organic matter, available phosphorus and slow-release K are selected to construct the farmland fertility evaluation index system and the hierarchical model. The Analytic Hierarchy Method and Delphi Method are used to confirm the membership and the comprehensive weight of the evaluation factors. Also, the Index Method is used to calculate the farmland fertility index and its variation in the construction area before and after construction, [Result]determine the farmland fertility grade and calculate the integrated productivity capacity of project area was increased by 1860 kg/ (hm2?a), [Conclusion]to provid feasible suggestion on constructing high-standard basic farmland and lifting the farmland fertility.

  Seed Germination of Goosegrass (Eleusins indica) from Different Areas in Response to Different Environmental Factors 2019, 35 (17):  60-74.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18020053 Abstract + ( 638 )   PDF ( 1651KB )   ( 243 ) In order to lay the foundation for the integrated control of goosegrass in the complex agricultural environment condition, this study clarifed the seeds germination characteristics of goosegrass and its key environmental impact factors by indoor tests. These laboratory experiments were conducted to examine the influence of environmental factors, including temperature, light, salinity-alkalinity, drought and pH, on germination of goosegrass seeds collected from Anyang, Yancheng and Sanya. The results of this research showed that the minimum germinating temperature was10℃,and the germinate rate reached to maximum when the temperature rised to 30~35℃. Seeds germinated at alternating temperature regimes from 20/10 to 40/30℃, with maximum germination at the alternating temperatures of 35/25℃. The effect of light on seed germination was consistant with the variable and constant temperature, and the results indicated that dark treatment was favorable for seed germination under low temperature(constant temperature≤25℃, variable temperature ≤25/15℃). The germination of the seeds was influenced by the water potential, and germination decreased the increase of water potential. germination was reduced by saline and alkaline stresses and no germination occurred at NaCl≥100 mmol/L or NaHCO3≥150 mmol/L concentrations. However, pH values from 5 to 10 had no significant effect on germination of goosegrass, and is not a main factor of limiting the seed germination of goosegrass.

  Risk ssessment of Frost Disaster in Shannan of Tibet under the Background of Climate change 2019, 35 (17):  75-80.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18040083 Abstract + ( 321 )   PDF ( 1799KB )   ( 106 ) : Using daily Minimum temperature and frost days,geographic information and national economic statistics data of Shannan Tibet．Started with four aspects including the risk of factors causing frost disaster,the sensitivity of disaster environment,vulnerability of hazard affected body and the ability of disaster prevention and mitigation,the weights were determined by using expert scoring method and The analytic hierarchy procees (AHP),frost disaster risk assessment model was established with the help of GIS technology,finally,the frost disaster risk zoning work in Shannan was completed．The results show that the high and second risk areas were in the Nagarze ,most of Come,Northwest of Cona,West of Lunze,West of Lhozhag,Southwest ofGon-

  Analysis of the characteristics of temperature and precipitation in the basin of Yangmaowan reservoir 2019, 35 (17):  81-89.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18110102 Abstract + ( 388 )   PDF ( 1459KB )   ( 143 ) This paper aims to provide a theoretical basis and reference significance for the reservoir construction planning, operation management and reservoir water source prediction by studying the climate change characteristics of the YangMaowan Reservoir basin.Using the climatic data of the meteorological station in the basin from 1960 to 2017,the seasonal and interannual variations of temperature and precipitation time series in the reservoir basin over the past 58 years was analyzed by the method of statistics, anomaly analysis and Morlet wavelet analysis.The results showed that the annual average temperature of the reservoir basin was increasing at the tendency of 0.24°C every 10 years, especially the temperature increasing trend was the most significant since 2010. The annual precipitation had a weak downward trend with the tendency of 1.6mm every 10 years, but summer and winter was weakly increasing. The wavelet analysis of the temperature showed that the average temperature in the basin had the change cycles of 4 years, 10 years and 20 years, of which the strong significant period was 20 years . Precipitation had the change cycles of 4 years, 8 years and 22 years, and the period of strong significant period was 22 years. It could be seen by the wavelet transform coefficient map that the temperature of the basin would still show the high trend in the next few years, and the precipitation would be the trend of less.

  Temporal-spatial Distribution of Short-time Heavy Rainfall in Taiyuan Flood Season and Its Influence Factors 2019, 35 (17):  90-97.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19010001 Abstract + ( 423 )   PDF ( 2178KB )   ( 200 ) Based on the data of hourly precipitation and monthly average temperature from June to September of 7 national meteorological stations from 1980 to 2015 and hourly precipitation of 63 automatic weather stations(AWS) from 2008 to 2015, and the monthly average reanalysis data of ECMWF ERA-interim, the temporal-spatial distribution of short-time heavy rainfall of flood season in Taiyuan was analyzed, and the influences of the variation of urban heat island (UHI) intensity and the anomalies of circulation background were studied by using climatic trend parameter, M-K test, composite analysis and t-test methods. The results showed that the days of short-time heavy rainfall had obvious inter-decadal variation in recent 36 years with annual mean days of 3.3 d; the days of short-time heavy rainfall increased rapidly and decreased sharply from June to September with concentrated intensities mainly of 20-30 mm/h; the ≥ 40 mm/h heavy rain concentrated between the late of the first ten-day period of July and the first ten-day period of August; 16:00—17:00 was the most active period in a day for short-time heavy rainfall. There were more short-time heavy rainfalls in the urban area than that in the mountainous areas, mainly in July. The observation from the automatic weather stations in Taiyuan during 2008-2015 found that the short-time heavy rainfall in Taiyuan extended rapidly to all areas of Taiyuan from June to July, and in August shrunk to eastern areas, and in September decreased sharply and occurred dispersedly in eastern areas. The enhanced intensity of UHI in recent 36 years and the southward expansion of urbanization maybe the influential factors for the increase of short-time heavy rainfall in southern urban area in Taiyuan. In July of the more short-time heavy rainfall years, there was a ridge in west Sibarian, and a trough in Lack Baikal, the geopotential height was lower in north China on 500 hPa with stronger cold air, and the western pacific subtropical high leaned significantly to west compared with the less years, therefore the CAPE values were higher in Taiyua, then the short-time heavy rainfall occurred more frequently; The less years were just the opposite. This study can provide references for forecasting and research on shot-time heavy rainfall and urban disaster prevention and relief.

  Comparative study on sterilization effect of strong acidic electrolytic water and strong alkaline electrolysis water 2019, 35 (17):  98-101.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18010166 Abstract + ( 512 )   PDF ( 1236KB )   ( 162 ) In order to compare the sterilization effect of acidic electrolyzed water and alkaline electrolyzed water, the sterilization effect of 4 kinds of electrolyzed water with different pH value on soil bacteria and Bacillus subtilis strain was tested. Through the test method on the sterilization effect of the dilution count were determined, the results show that water electrolysis solution of strong acidic electrolyzed water and alkalinity of different pH values have a good sterilization effect on soil bacteria and Bacillus subtilis strian ,and the sterilizing effect of acidic electrolyzed water was obviously higher than that of alkaline electrolytic water ;25 times diluent acidic electrolyzed water still has good sterilization effect, 25 times diluent strongly alkaline electrolysis water sterilization effect is not obvious. Electrolysis water has the characteristics of convenient preparation, low price, and strong sterilization, wide range of sterilization, no pollution, no residue, and safety to human body. Therefore, it has broad prospects for development in three fields, including health care, food processing and agricultural production.

  Application Effectiveness Evaluation for Four Routine Fecal Methods in Clinical Detection of Coccidiosis 2019, 35 (17):  102-106.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18030091 Abstract + ( 499 )   PDF ( 1240KB )   ( 106 ) To evaluate the application effectiveness of various fecal examination methods in clinical preventive detection and case diagnosis of coccidiosis, Eimeria tenella sporulated oocysts were added to coccidia-negative feces of chickens for obtaining eight concentrations of oocysts as simulate clinical samples of coccidiosis. Then these fecal samples were examined and counted using the modified direct smear, sedimentation, saturated sodium chloride solution flotation, and modified McMaster egg counting methods. The results showed that the detection lower limit of modified direct smear technique was 6000 oocysts per gram of feces, that of fecal sedimentation method was 3000 oocysts per gram. A lot of debris were observed under microscope in these two methods. The detection lower limits of saturated sodium chloride solution flotation and modified McMaster egg counting methods were 100, 300 oocysts per gram, respectively. Small amount of debris was seen in both assays. The results of adding-recovering test for the modified McMaster egg counting method showed that the mean recovery rate of modified McMaster egg counting method was 82.2%, and mean coefficient of variation was 3.7%. 3-5 g was the optimal weight of fecal sample for the modified McMaster egg counting method. This technique is higher accuracy and reproducibility than other three methods in this study. Taken together, the modified McMaster egg counting method is the ideal and reliable method for detection of coccidian oocysts in veterinary clinical practice, and has huge value of popularization and application in control of coccidiosis in the intensive farms.

  Growth Dynamics and Optimum Harvest Periodof Forage grass oats in the northern Shanxi 2019, 35 (17):  107-111.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18060001 Abstract + ( 393 )   PDF ( 1291KB )   ( 251 ) To understand the growth regularity and confirm the best harvest time of Forage grass oats, its plant height, fresh and dry matter accumulation and distribution during different stages in a field experiment were investigated, its nutrient values and relative value of feed were studied. The height of forage oat from booting stage to waxy stage was consistent with Logistic growth model ,under dry farming condtions. The changes of fresh dry ratio, stem/leaf ratio and hay yield were consistent with the linear regression model with the lowest booting stage and the highest waxy stage. Reached the highest grass yield of the ratooning buds of 33777.78 ㎏/hm2.Hay yield increased continuously from booting stage, reached the highest waxy stage is 10184.71 ㎏/hm2. Crude protein content in dry matter was the highest at flowering stage, 10.00%, and the lowest at waxing stage, 7.07%. The relative value of feed (RFV) was the highest in the ratooning buds, which was 95.85, followed by waxy stage, which was 86.03. It is suggested that under the condition of dry farming in northern Shanxi, forage grass oats should be harvested from flowering stage to ratooning buds when preparing silage, hay should be harvested from ratooning buds to waxy stage.

  Rapid Determination of Potassium, Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium and Ammonia in Tobacco by Solid-phase Extraction Coupled with Ion Chromatography 2019, 35 (17):  112-116.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18030001 Abstract + ( 407 )   PDF ( 1325KB )   ( 82 ) An ion chromatographic method for the determination of potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium and ammonia in tobacco was developed. The potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium and ammonia were extracted from the samples by ultrasonic extraction with 5% hydrochloric acid solution in an extraction bottle with solid phase extraction and purification function, and the extract were purified by solid phase extraction with graphitized carbon black. The purified samples were separated on an IonPacCS12A (3?150 mm，5 μm) cation ion exchange column with 30 mM methanesulfonic acid as mobile phase. The five cation ion (K+、Na+、Mg2+、Ca2+、and NH4+) were separated within 5.0 min. The sample extraction, purification, and filter can be completeed in our self-designed extraction bottle without any sample transfer. Compared with the conventional method, the operation process is simplified and the efficiency is greatly improved in new method. In addition, the new method has high sensitivity and high recovery, and provides a high-throughput analysis method for the rapid determination of potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium and ammonia in gene editing materials.

  Maize above-ground biomass retrieval using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) hyperspectral remote sensing imagery 2019, 35 (17):  117-123.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18090077 Abstract + ( 515 )   PDF ( 1440KB )   ( 101 ) [Objective]The objective of this study is to discuss the feasibility of using artificial neural network for maize above-ground dry biomass estimation based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) hyperspectral remote sensing imagery. [Method]This study took corn as study material, nitrogen fertilizer experiment was conducted in Caijia Town, Jilin Province. In the experiment, five nitrogen treatments and three replications were applied. UAV hyperspectral remote sensing data and above-ground biomass data were acquired for 2 critical growth stages of maize：V5-V6 and V11 (Ritchie growth stage). At last, 30 groups of data were collected, the maize above-ground dry biomass estimation model were designed using the acquired data. 22 groups of data were randomly selected from the all 30 groups of data to build the inversion model, and the remainder 8 groups of data were used to validate the performance of the model. The biomass estimation models were constructed based on spectral index method and BP neural network method respectively, and then they were compared. [Result]The results showed that the BP neural network model performed better than models designed by spectral indices. BP neural network model had a R2 value of 0.99, a RMSE value of 0.08 t/ha and a RMSE% value of 3.39% during calibration and had a R2 value of 0.99, a RMSE value of 0.15 t/ha and a RMSE% value of 8.56% during external validation. [Conclusion]The BP neural network model can effectively improve the accuracy of UAV’s hyperspectral remote sensing for inversion of maize biomass.

  [2]Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD). Environmental Indicators Development, Measurement and Use[R]. Paris: OECD, 2003,13-15 2019, 35 (17):  124-129.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19010141 Abstract + ( 552 )   PDF ( 1311KB )   ( 153 ) For promoting the work of reservoir water environment safety and strengthening the water quality protection of water source areas, Suyahu Reservoir was as an example, the indexes system of reservoir water environment safety evaluation were stablished using DPSIR model, the weight of each index was determined by the entropy value method and the rank of water environmental safety was evaluated by cloud model in the reservoir in 2015, the results show that the rank of water environment was relative security for the reservoir, but there were pitfalls. The concentration and storage capacity of TN and TP were increasing due to sewage of residential life, the waste water of industry and catering industry from upstream flowing into the reservoir with rainfall and runoff, as well as the impact of human activities such as sightseeing tourism, to make the water quality of the reservoir difficultly match with the standard. Therefore, attention should be paid to the reservoir management department. Conclusion: cloud model can reduce the uncertainty in the evaluation process and realize the reasonable transformation between the concept of water environment safety and its quantitative value, which makes the evaluation result accord with reality.

  Construction of Ecological Security Pattern Based on Improved MCR Model in Jiangjin District of Chongqing 2019, 35 (17):  130-137.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18050113 Abstract + ( 590 )   PDF ( 2105KB )   ( 210 ) The identification of the ecological source of the county and the construction of ecological security pattern are of great significance to the ecological protection of the Three Gorges reservoir area. Taking the county-level Jiangjin District of the Three Gorges reservoir area as an example, based on the improved minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model and GIS spatial analysis techniques, the minimum cumulative resistance surface for ecological source expansion and the minimum cumulative resistance surface for construction land expansion are constructed to identify ecological corridors, radiation pathways, ecological strategic nodes and other ecological processes, then build an ecological security pattern. The results showed that 10 expansion resistance factors and 9 urban land expansion resistance factors were determined; the low-level ecological security pattern in Jiangjin District was 994.71 km2, accounting for 30.98% of the total area of Jiangjin District; the high- level ecological security pattern only accounted for 23.66% of the total area of Jiangjin District; 38 ecological corridors and 14 ecological strategic nodes were identified; different level ecological safety grids can be used as a basis for ecological protection and development in the Three Gorges reservoir area.

  Penthorum chinense Pursh. in China: A Review Based on CNKI Literature Analysis 2019, 35 (17):  138-143.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18120020 Abstract + ( 521 )   PDF ( 1413KB )   ( 202 ) To quickly inform researchers in related fields the research situations and hot topics of Penthorum chinense Pursh. in China, based on CNKI, the domestic literatures published since 1985 were summarized through bibliometrical method for the first time, and 130 papers were obtained. Then the publication year, literature resources, contents, author information and financial support funds of these literatures were analyzed. The results showed that 2016 was the peak of literature publication of Penthorum chinense Pursh., Journal of Luzhou Medical College and Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials reported the maximum number of research achievements in this field, chemical components and purification process were the most popular topics. This study pointed out the problems of Penthorum chinense Pursh. research in China and put forward corresponding suggestions, including quality standard should be improved, research depth should be explored and advanced scientific tools should be used.

  College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding Certificated 2019, 35 (17):  144-149.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18030012 Abstract + ( 417 )   PDF ( 1383KB )   ( 89 ) S[Objective][Method]The age structure and growth characteristics of Paramisgurnus dabryanus, an alien species in the Cha Balang wetland, were investigated to provide the basic parameters to control the invasion of alien fish species including P. dabryanus in Tibet effectively. The otoliths of 299 specimens of P. dabryanus were used as identification materials in this study. [Result]The results showed that the body length of P. dabryanus ranged from 5.13 to 16.92 cm, the body weight ranged from 1.22 to 49.89 g, and there were 8 groups of age ranging from 2 to 8 years old, while the dominant age group ranged from 4 to 6 years old. Correlation analysis showed that there was no significant difference between male and female body lengths and body weights. The related expression of body weight and body length was W = 0.010L2.917, displaying uniform growth model. The Logistic equation of length growth and weight growth are Lt = 12.740 / (1 + e0.803-0.530 * t), Wt = 16.740 / (1 + e0.803-0.530 * t) 2.917, respectively. The inflection point age of P. dabryanus researched in this study was 3.5 years old, while the corresponding body length and body mass were 9.44 cm and 6.99 g respectively. [Conclusion] For the age structure, threre are more older individuals among P. dabryanus population in the Cha Balang wetland when comparing with the corresponding population in plain area. The growth characteristics were characterized by an individual decrease and a decrease in the growth index. These changes may be caused by the alien species in order to better adapt to Plateau low temperature water environment.

  Evaluation Model of Meteorological Suitability of main Farming activities during Medium period of growth for maize 2019, 35 (17):  150-157.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18120002 Abstract + ( 455 )   PDF ( 1333KB )   ( 196 ) Abstract: Weather forecast of Farming activities was Core part in Agricultural Weather Forecast, and was one of the important theoretical bases to Guiding Agricultural Safety Production. the research was about Evaluation Model of Meteorological Suitability on Plough and Chemical agents（Fertilizer） Spraying during Medium period of growth of maize. The results showed that: Plough was affected by these factors, such as Soil moisture, Precipitation and Temperature. Chemical agents（Fertilizer） Spraying was affected by these factors, such as wind, Precipitation, Temperature and Soil moisture. With segmented linear functions, Meteorological Suitability Function of every factor was established under the premise of obtaining suitable index of their factors. Weight coefficient of every factor was obtained by Analytic Hierarchy Process, furthermore the models was built about Meteorological Suitability on Plough and Chemical agents（Fertilizer） Spraying, and the Results of evaluation were basically in line with the actual situation. According to the forecast value of short-term meteorological factors, Guidance Services of Weather Forecast could be carried out for these Agricultural activities, such as Plough, Chemical agents Spraying and Fertilizer Spraying, during Medium period of growth of maize.

  Evaluation method of county poverty degree based onremote sensing image 2019, 35 (17):  158-164.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18010169 Abstract + ( 579 )   PDF ( 2718KB )   ( 86 ) Poverty is one of the common problems facing the world, hindering the Chinese economic development, social stability and environmental protection. In recent years, poverty alleviation Chinese achieved remarkable results, but for a long time in poor areas that the lack of scientific and reasonable identification method, poverty alleviation funds and the project is no problem is still more prominent. Therefore in poor areas, effective targeting and identification of poverty alleviation and development in the new period is of great significance. This paper takes 12 counties 30 economic poverty counties in Shandong province and the county economy in 30 as a sample. Firstly, through to the impoverished counties County Almanac inquiry, to determine the per capita net income of farmers as the poverty standard, Compare yearbooks to screen the indicators for poor counties and compare them in different years, selected from the marine distance, the highway mileage and the per capita grain area, new construction land area remote sensing index, determine the index weight, and then construct the evaluation model of remote sensing of poverty. The results show that the model decision coefficient is 0.5934, both significantly correlated. Evaluation of impoverished county that data analysis and remote sensing image contrast standard and evaluation analysis of poverty county were obtained correspond well with the existing poverty county based on consistent with distribution of the poor county of Shandong Province, the comprehensive consideration of poverty status and potential evaluation, a more comprehensive and in-depth.Therefore, the identification and evaluation of county poverty degree based on remote sensing is feasible. This study can provide reference for the evaluation and dynamic monitoring of the county poverty degree.