Current issue

• 2019 Vol.35 No.3 Published:28 January 2019

  Effects of Long-term Fertilization on Rice Yield and Basic Soil Productivity in Coastal Paddy 2019, 35 (3):  1-5.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17100037 Abstract + ( 755 )   PDF ( 984KB )   ( 369 ) A long-term fertilization experiment coupled with split plot experiment was carried out to explore the effect of different modes of long-term fertilization on rice yield and basic soil productivity in coastal paddy. The results showed that long-term non-fertilization application decreased rice yield significantly, with the experiment going, rice yield in non-fertilization application (CK) decreased year by year and the decreasing range was 34.4% during the test period. Long- term chemical fertilization application (NPK), long- term chemical soil testing fertilization application (N1PK) and long- term chemical soil testing fertilization application combined with organic fertilizer (N1PKS) increased rice yield. Compared with CK, the rice yield under NPK, N1PK and N1PKS increased by 74.2% , 89.0% and 97.5% , the differences were all highly significant. NPK, N1PK and N1PKS improved basic soil productivity (BSP), especially N1PKS. During the test period, NPK, N1PK and N1PKS increased BSP yield by 45.6%, 60.8% and 69.1%, as compared with CK. There was no significant difference in the contribution rates of basic soil productivity between NPK, N1PK and N1PKS.

  Productivity Level of 12 Wheat Types (lines) In Wenshan, Yunnan 2019, 35 (3):  6-11.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18070112 Abstract + ( 1057 )   PDF ( 942KB )   ( 403 ) The morphological characteristics, economic traits, resistance and adaptability of 12 wheat varieties (strains) were analyzed to study the productivity level of each varieties (strains) in Wenshan City, Yunnan Province, to providing basis for variety identification and promotion. The results showed: (1) Effective tiller number, effective panicle number, number of grains per panicle and thousand grain weight were major yield component, and number of grains per panicle and thousand grain weight were important factors for increasing yield; (2) Among the 12 varieties tested, only Sumai 1619 was reduced compared with the control variety Yunmai 56, and yield of the other varieties increased; (3) Wen D6-8 was an ideal variety, with tidy plants, good growth, high thousand grain weight, large grain, good fullness, strong disease resistance and highest yield. (4) Yu 15-1 plants was compact and good in growth, with many valid grains, saturated grains and high thousand grains weight, its output ranked second.(5) Yi 2011-1 plants was good in growth with favorable uniformity, many grains, favorable saturation, high thousand grains weight and lodging-resistance, its output ranked third.

  Cadmium Accumulation and Translocation in Sweet Potato Cultivars 2019, 35 (3):  12-19.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18080027 Abstract + ( 818 )   PDF ( 1096KB )   ( 294 ) The paper aims to provide technical support for planting structure adjustment of sweet potato in mild paddy cadmium (Cd) pollution areas. 20 sweet potato cultivars were used as the materials. The arid land plot was designated and conducted to study the growth and development of sweet potato in the mild paddy cadmium (Cd) pollution area, and the difference of Cd accumulation and translocation. The results showed that there were differences in vine length, stem diameter, biomass, yield as well as Cd accumulation and translocation ability of stem & leaf and root among the 20 sweet potato cultivars. The Cd contents in stem & leaf of 3 cultivars exceeded the pollution-free vegetable quality standard (<0.05 mg/kg). The Cd contents in stem & leaf and root of all the cultivars conformed to the national standard of the food pollutant limit (<0.1 mg/kg). The range of the Cd accumulation coefficient in stem & leaf and root was 0.225- 1.222 and 0.022- 0.160, respectively. And the transferring coefficients range was 0.067-0.511. It indicates that sweet potato has certain absorptive capacity to soil Cd, but the translocation ability of Cd from stem & leaf to root is weak.‘QS816’, Xiang 20’,‘Xiang 108’and‘G87’can be used as the excellent cultivars in the mild paddy cadmium pollution areas, and have potential application value in adjusting the planting structure.

  Survey and Analysis of Major Crop Germplasm Resources in Anhui Province 2019, 35 (3):  20-25.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17110082 Abstract + ( 826 )   PDF ( 995KB )   ( 468 ) To collect major crop germplasm resources in Anhui Province and understand their current status, a survey and data collection of major crop landraces of the five natural ecological zones in the province were carried out by means of field investigation and collaboration with local agricultural departments and scientific research institutes. The results showed that most crop varieties cultivated in the five ecological zones were elite ones in the market, and old varieties and landraces were almost no longer cultivated. In total, 1583 crop varieties were collected and preserved in scientific research institutes, including rice, wheat, corn, soybean, and so on. The results can provide basic data and technical support for the census and systematic investigation of crop germplasm resources in Anhui Province.

  Grain Crops in Eastern Agricultural Region of Qinghai During 1987-2017: Spatio-temporal Variation Characteristics of Potential Productivity and Yield Gaps 2019, 35 (3):  26-33.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18070092 Abstract + ( 945 )   PDF ( 2655KB )   ( 205 ) The paper aims to study the potential productivity and the main limiting climatic factors of grain crops in eastern agricultural region of Qinghai, based on the daily meteorological elements and actual grain yield data of 13 meteorological stations from April to September during 1987-2017 in eastern agricultural region of Qinghai, we analyzed the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of the potential productivity, actual yields and the yield gaps of grain crops by using a successive correction model. The results showed that: the photosynthetic potential productivity (PPP) decreased during 1987-2017 and photo-thermal potential productivity (PTPP), climate potential productivity (CPP) and actual grain yield increased since 1987; the PTPP had achieved 37% of the PPP and the CPP had achieved 53% of the PTPP which indicated that the potential productivity had a great promotion space, and the temperature and precipitation were the limiting climatic factors to improve the potential productivity; the yield gap between the CPP and actual productivity decreased with a rate of 178.6 kg/hm2 every 10 years, the further improvement of the actual yield was more difficult in Guide, Xunhua and Tongren, but the actual yield gaps could be reduced by optimizing fertilization and rationally utilizing heat resources for most other areas.

  Identification and Molecular Characteristics of Vibrio harveyi from Fenneropenaeus chinensis 2019, 35 (3):  34-39.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17050026 Abstract + ( 950 )   PDF ( 1098KB )   ( 373 ) In this study, the dominant strain was isolated from diseased Fenneropenaeus chinensis , the biochemical and molecular biological identification were conducted for this strain. The strain was green on TCBS medium (thus designated as TCBS-G). Based on physiological and biochemical analysis, TCBS-G was identified to be Gram-negative, in short rod shape, blunt ends, and with flagellum. Biolog GIII experiment showed that the growth and metabolism of TCBS-G were similar to that ofVibrio harveyi . Homology of TCBSG withVibrio spp. was analyzed based on the sequences of 16S rRNA gene,gyrB andHSP60 . Based on the sequence of 16S rRNA gene, TCBS-G was not identified. Phylogenetic tree based ongyrB andHSP60 genes showed that TCBS-G clustered together withV. harveyi , with a high bootstrap value of 99%. In summary, all above results confirmed that the isolated strain TCBS-G wasV. harveyi . The substrate plate test showed that it could produce diastase, proteinase, lipase, and DNase. In addition, the conserved region in hemolysin gene of V. harveyi could be amplified by PCR with specific primers.

  Effects of Low Temperature on Laccase Activity and Expression of Laccase Gene Families in Mycelium of Mongolian Mushroom (Tricholoma mongolicum) 2019, 35 (3):  40-46.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17100002 Abstract + ( 819 )   PDF ( 1360KB )   ( 344 ) Mongolian Mushroom is a well-known wild edible fungus in Inner Mongolia grasslands. To achieve its artificial cultivation, in this paper, using Mongolian Mushroom secondary mycelia as experimental material, using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technique to study the effects of low temperature on Mongolian mushroom laccase activity and its gene family transcription level . The results showed that the laccase activity of Mongolian mushroom secondary mycelia was generally high; with the prolongation of culture time，laccase activity was generally decreased ; low temperature stimulation could affect the transcription of Mongolian mushroom laccase gene family in varying degrees .Mycelia were treated for 10 days at 10 ℃, it can significantly improve the expression levels of Mongolian mushroom laccase genes , the main contribution is lacc1, lacc4, lacc8, lacc10, lacc11. The results can be accumulated data to realize Mongolian mushroom artificial cultivation in the future .

  In Vitro Culture of Fibroblast Cells from Simmental Ear Tissue 2019, 35 (3):  47-50.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17100021 Abstract + ( 707 )   PDF ( 1215KB )   ( 1083 ) The establishment of donor animal cells in vitro culture model is necessary for animal cloning and production. In order to prepare bovine somatic cell nuclear transfer, the digestion and purification after tissue block culture method were used in vitro culture fibroblast cells in this experiment. The results showed that the fibroblast cell morphology was good, the passaged cell grew well with a high survival rate and good adhesion, and the proliferation of ear fibroblast cells accords with the general rule of cell growth in vitro using the digestion and purification after tissue block culture method. Therefore, tissue culture after digestion of purified bovine ear fibroblast cells is a simple and effective method, which can be used as a method for bovine somatic cell nuclear transfer preparation.

  A Comparative Analysis of the Abilities to Produce Ergosterol, Pigment and Citrinin by Different Monascus Strains 2019, 35 (3):  51-57.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17100054 Abstract + ( 808 )   PDF ( 1393KB )   ( 235 ) 9Monascus strains stored in the lab were compared to test their abilities to produce ergosterol, pigment and citrinin for further utilizingMonascus strain in the future. UPLC with UV detector, UV-VIS and UPLC with fluorescence detector were adopted to measure ergosterol, pigment and citrinin produced by these 9 strains, and the correlation of these 3 compounds were evaluated by statistical methods. The results revealed that the 9Monascus strains had different abilities to produce ergosterol, pigment and citrinin. Among them, OUT 2011 (M. purpureus ) had the strongest ability to produce ergosterol and pigment, amounting to (1121.96± 55.06) mg/kg and (1058.97 ± 5.04) U, respectively; AS 3.554 (M. anka ) had the lowest ability to produce ergosterol and pigment. No citrinin was detected in red yeast rice made by strains of OUT2137 (M. pilosus ), AS 3.549 (M. ruber ), AS 3.554(M. anka ), CICC5017 (M. albidus ) and CICC5015 (M. aurantiacus ). The production of ergosterol was positively correlated with the roduction of pigment. The putative correlation between ergosterol and pigment laid a foundation for screening strain with high production of ergosterol.

  Low Temperature Induced Expression and Purification of BvM14-STPK Protein Kinase from Sugar Beet M14 Line in Prokaryotic Expression System 2019, 35 (3):  58-61.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18080106 Abstract + ( 795 )   PDF ( 1055KB )   ( 186 ) To obtain the purified protein kinase BvM14-STPK, E. coli transformed with BvM14-STPK was induced under the condition of low temperature 16℃ and 0.5 mmol/L IPTG in this study. And the supernatant of the bacterium solution was purified by Ni2+ affinity chromatography. Furthermore, SDS-PAGE was applied to detect the purified protein. The result showed that BvM14-STPK protein existed in the form of inclusion bodies after inducing with 0.5 mmol/L IPTG at 37℃ which could not be further purified and analyzed. With better induction conditions, we made sure that a large amount of soluable BvM14-STPK in the supernatant can be obtained after being induced by 0.5 mmol/L IPTG at 16℃ overnight. After the detection with SDS-PAGE to the purification of supernatant, BvM14-STPK protein was detected. During the purification of the target protein, it was found that the imidazole at 150 mmol/L worked the best. The target protein BvM14-STPK was obtained successfully in this study.

  Extraction of Maize Lodging in Breeding Plot Based on UAV Remote Sensing 2019, 35 (3):  62-68.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17100076 Abstract + ( 888 )   PDF ( 2947KB )   ( 227 ) To study the feasibility of extraction of maize lodging in plot area by UAV remote sensing. The authors obtained the digital surface model (DSM) of the study area by using the tilt photography method without the ground control points (GCPs) of a small unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV); the DSM was utilized as an additional feature together with the color features, i.e., red, green and blue color of the DOM, and then, the supervised classification method was performed on it to extract the maize lodging information; at last, we compared the results with the field survey results on the plot scale. The results showed that: the maize canopy height difference information represented by the digital surface model had a good complementarity with the image color characteristics, and the combination of the two could greatly improve the extraction accuracy of maize lodging information. Compared with the field survey data, the error of the number of lodging trees was only 4.44%, the error of plots number affected by lodging was 9.26%, and the error number of plots more than 85% was less than 5. Maize canopy height combined with color characteristic information can accurately extract lodging information of maize; the method of tilt photogrammetry can effectively reduce the intra-model distortion caused by the lack of ground control points and improve the working efficiency. This method provides a simple, rapid and effective means for the investigation of maize lodging in plot scale.

  Spectral Remote Sensing Technology Applied in Crop Yield Estimation: Research Progress 2019, 35 (3):  69-75.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17110118 Abstract + ( 1328 )   PDF ( 966KB )   ( 426 ) Crop yield is an important economic information for a country or region, related to national and regional food security, which is of great significance to the layout of agricultural planning, policy adjustment and sustainable development. The remote sensing estimation of crop mainly includes crop identification and evaluation. This paper summarizes the research status of crop remote sensing identification and yield estimation, according to their different characteristics and targets summarizes existing crops by two categories. Based on the difference between data source and evaluation model principle, this paper summarizes existing crop yield estimation methods into four categories, summarizes methods, principles and application points to discussing and analyzing the advantages of various methods, presents the problem which still need to improve. Finally, this paper forecasts the research trend in this field.

  Application of Ocean Salinity Satellite on Agriculture Remote Sensing: Research Progress 2019, 35 (3):  76-84.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18070136 Abstract + ( 1035 )   PDF ( 1038KB )   ( 372 ) Ocean salinity satellite has the potential to conduct global remote sensing monitoring in the fields such as marine fishery, soil moisture in cultivated land, etc. [Method] Starting from three aspects of current development of salinity satellites, marine fishery, and application of soil moisture remote sensing in cultivated land, the paper summarizes the progress of previous studies on salinity satellite agricultural remote sensing monitoring and inversion. [Results]In conclusion, in the study field of marine fisheries remote sensing, application of salinity satellites mainly rely on the studies of temperature and salinity inverse algorithms. Such fundamental studies provide necessary factors for the studies of remote sensing monitoring applications in marine fisheries; In the soil moisture study field, salinity satellite application is relatively mature, and based on the precision analysis under different land cover conditions, development of inverse algorithms suitable for the production of soil moisture products is the foundation for remote sensing monitoring of soil moisture content in cultivated land. [Conclusion] By summarizing the current progress of application of ocean salinity satellite on agricultural remote sensing, the paper analyzes the future development direction of the field, and provides the agricultural application basis for the research and development of the new generation of ocean salinity satellites.

  Evaluation of Agri-security and Eco-security of Water Resources in Beijing 2019, 35 (3):  85-89.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17090112 Abstract + ( 812 )   PDF ( 988KB )   ( 487 ) Water resources security is closely related to agricultural security. Beijing is a city with serious shortage of water resources. Under the restriction of water resources, the scale of agriculture has been shrinking, while it highlighted the problem of agricultural security. Ecological security of water resources and agricultural security in Beijing were evaluated by using a "pressure-state-response" model in this paper, and the results showed that the Beijing agricultural security level continued to decline over the past ten years, while the level of water resources security showed a trend of rising; the pressure and state of agricultural security showed a downward trend, but the level of response to agricultural security has steadily increased; the pressure and state of ecological security of water resources has synchronous fluctuation, and response ability of the ecological security of water resources overall increased. In order to improve the water resources of Beijing city ecological security and agricultural safety level, in addition to strictly controlling the total amount of population growth and water use, but also increasing the reuse of sewage treatment and collection and utilization of rainwater. Some strategies are necessary including implementing the strict farmland protection system, reducing the chemical fertilizer and pesticide pollution of water resources, increasing investment in agriculture and improving the comprehensive production capacity of agriculture, vigorously developing water-saving, ecological and circular agriculture.

  Composting Technology Based on Innography Platform: Patent Analysis 王靖轩,张治国,李斌绪 and 2019, 35 (3):  90-100.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17100009 Abstract + ( 676 )   PDF ( 2724KB )   ( 197 ) The paper aims to obtain a comprehensive study of the compost-related patents globally, for it is one of the important resource utilization ways to solve the pollution caused by the livestock and poultry breeding wastes at present. Based on the Innography analysis platform, we analyzed patents applications, patents layout, inventor locations, organizations distribution, and IPC technology category, also further discussed the source areas and technical topics of core patents. The results showed that: there was a sharp increasing for the total amounts of compost-related patents since 2010; China had the most patents in the field, while the vast majority of core patents were mastered by the United States (64.8%); the DowDuPont Inc. from the United States and Hitachi Ltd. from Japan showed strong comprehensive strength and technological innovation ability meantime; the hot topics of core patents were organic materials, waste materials, wastewater, and carbon dioxide; as to the situation in China, the top five organizations with the most patents was Tianjing Normal University, Zhejiang University, Chinese Agricultural University, Nanjing Agricultural University and Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences; among them, Tianjin Normal University had a strong comprehensive strength and technological innovation capability and was quite ahead of other peers in intellectual property protection; the hot topics of Chinese patents included organic fertilizer, raw materials, heavy metals, compound fertilizers and edible fungi. This study could provide references for the comprehensive understanding of compost-related development and the formulation of industrial development policies.

  Effects of Exogenous Calcium on Forms of Bioactive Phosphorus in Sediments 2019, 35 (3):  101-105.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18070035 Abstract + ( 695 )   PDF ( 1050KB )   ( 295 ) To verify the hypothesis that forms of bioactive phosphorus restricting the primary production in sediments can be influenced by exogenous calcium ions, sediments are exposed to calcium ions with different concentrations for 30 days and the difference of forms of bioactive phosphorus in sediments is analyzed. Moreover, the sediments are aerated during the experiments. If the concentration of exogenous calcium ion is 0, 50, 200 and 500 mg/L, the Ex-P content in surface sediments is 0.08±0.02, 0.05±0.00, 0.05±0.01 and 0.06±0.01 μmol/g, respectively. The Ex-P content in surface sediment exposed to exogenous calcium ion with concentration 50 mg/L is less than that in sediment exposed to exogenous calcium ion with concentration 0 mg/L (P< 0.05). Under the same concentration of exogenous calcium ions, the IP content in surface sediments is 0.37±0.10, 0.46±0.16, 0.41±0.06 and 0.69±0.05 μmol/g, respectively. The IP content in surface sediment exposed to exogenous calcium ion with concentration 0 mg/L is lesser than that in sediment exposed to exogenous calcium ion with concentration 500 mg/L (P< 0.05). Nevertheless, the Ex-P or IP content in bottom sediments is not influenced by exogenous calcium ions. Thus, the content of bioactive phosphorus can be influenced by exogenous calcium ions, and there are double threshold effects of exogenous calcium ions on Ex-P content in surface sediments. Moreover, the phosphorus in water body can be transformed into slow-release phosphorus in sediments by exogenous calcium ions.

  Ecological Restoration of Sandy Saline-sodic Land by Aquaculture Technology: An Effect Evaluation 2019, 35 (3):  106-111.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18050117 Abstract + ( 690 )   PDF ( 1343KB )   ( 415 ) To restore soil environment and improve the utilization efficiency of saline-alkali land in northwest China, the ecological restoration technology of aquaculture was adopted in the saline and alkali area of Jingtai County, and its effect was evaluated comprehensively. The results showed that after using aquaculture ecological restoration technology, the indexes such as salinity, chloride and sulphate of the saline areadecreased gradually, which improved the local soil environment and elevated the efficiency of saline land utilization. The development of aquaculture brought certain economic benefits to the farmers, and raised the enthusiasm of the farmers for the aquaculture industry. This paper provides an efficient ecological restoration method for the restoration of saline soil, and some technical references for the improvement of saline-alkali land in China.

  Vertical Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Stock Characters of Oats Grassland in Alpine Area Under Fertilization and Mixed Sowing 2019, 35 (3):  112-121.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18070127 Abstract + ( 835 )   PDF ( 1123KB )   ( 258 ) To study the soil carbon and nitrogen potential stock and vertical dynamic of oat artificial grassland in alpine region under different oat varieties, fertilization modes and mixed sowing, orthogonal test of L16(45) was conducted. The results showed that the oat variety, fertilization and mixed sowing all significantly affected the carbon and nitrogen stock, for carbon, the order was fertilization ＞ mixed sowing ＞ oat variety in growth period, and was mixed sowing ＞ fertilization ＞ oat variety in late harvest period; for nitrogen, the order was fertilization ＞ mixed sowing ＞ oat variety in all periods. Under the treatment of urea 37.5 kg/hm2+ diammonium phosphate 75 kg/hm2+ organic fertilizer 750 kg/hm2 and mixed sowing withVicia sativa of 75 kg/hm2 , the soil carbon and nitrogen stock reached a peak value, the difference of carbon and nitrogen stock of different soil layers at different growth periods was due to the fertilization. The carbon and nitrogen potential stock was 176.78 t/hm2 and 11.78 t/hm2 respectively under the three factors. The carbon and nitrogen stock decreased with the soil layer increase, the carbon and nitrogen stock of the 0-20 cm soil layer was greater than that of the other soil layers.

  Diurnal Precipitation Variation of Summer: Jilin 2006-2015 2019, 35 (3):  122-130.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18070102 Abstract + ( 719 )   PDF ( 2205KB )   ( 233 ) Based on the hourly precipitation data of 52 meteorological stations in summer(from June to August) over Jilin province form 2006 to 2015, the commonly used meteorological statistical methods are applied. we analyze the diurnal variation characteristics of precipitation in summer over Jilin province by using four precipitation indices(hourly precipitation, hourly precipitation frequency, hourly precipitation intensity and precipitation duration).The results showed that the spatial distribution of total precipitation and number of days in summer over Jilin province was related to latitude and altitude, showing a decreasing trend from south to North. The spatial distribution of precipitation intensity decreases with increasing altitude. The distribution of hourly precipitation, precipitation frequency and precipitation intensity in Jilin province showed a bimodal distribution, with the peak areas being 17:00-19:00, 4:00-6:00 and 17:00-19:00 respectively. In summer, the first total precipitation was 1-3h short-time rainfall, the second was long continuous precipitation, the least was 4-6h continuous precipitation. The peak of precipitation occurred in 17:00 of 1-3h short-time rainfall, the long continuous precipitation peak appeared at 20:00 and 4-6h continuous precipitation peak occurred in 1:00.

  Risk Assessment of Rainstorm Flood and Its Secondary Disasters During Flood Season in Qinghai Under Climate Warming 2019, 35 (3):  131-138.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18070134 Abstract + ( 783 )   PDF ( 1900KB )   ( 211 ) According to the natural disaster system theory and disaster risk assessment principles, this paper aims to assess the risk of rainstorm flood and its secondary disasters during flood season in Qinghai Province under the background of global warming by identifying the risk factors of rainstorm flood disaster and vulnerability of disaster environment, based on the daily precipitation and temperature data derived from the 50 meteorological stations in Qinghai from May to October during 1961-2017 and basic geographic information and historical disaster data. The results showed that: (1) the temperature, precipitation, (heavy) rainfall days, and extreme climate events had increased since 1961 in Qinghai province; (2) Floods and the secondary disasters such as landslides and debris flows caused by continuous or short-term heavy rainfall increased, and the peak of rainstorm flood and secondary disasters came up from July to August in Qinghai province which accounted for 77.9% of the total disasters in flood season; (3) the rainstorm flood and secondary disasters occurred most frequently and serious in Guide, Xinghai, Guinan, Gonghe, Tongde and Hualong. This study is of great significance to the early warning of rainstorm flood and the timely formulation and implementation of the measures for disasters prevention and reduction, providing decision-making information for the work of meteorological disaster prevention and reduction.

  Trichogramma pintoi Voegele: Study on Cryopreservation Techniques 2019, 35 (3):  139-145.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18070132 Abstract + ( 703 )   PDF ( 1044KB )   ( 793 ) The paper aims to study cryopreservation techniques of Trichogramma pintoi Voegele, and to provide references for large-scale breeding. We utilized different treatments such as water, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% of saline water and cryopreservation directly, studied cryopreservation techniques of Trichogramma pintoi Voegele. The results showed that: compared with contrast, the treatments with 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% of saline water could improve eclosion rate and reduce eclosion aberration rate; the fecundity per female treated by each concentration of saline water had no significant difference compared with the contrast within 45 days, indicating that Trichogramma pintoi Voegele treated by each concentration of saline water could maintain fecundity per female within 45 days; the female-male rate increased after cryopreservation for 90 days, and female-male rate became imbalanced after cryopreservation for 75 days. The research also showed that: the cryopreservation time increase was against the development of richogramma pintoi Voegele, whereas the treatments with 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% saline water could reduce negative effects, which were favorable factors on eclosion rate, eclosion aberration rate, female life span, fecundity per female and female-male rate.

  High Throughput Test of Tea Polyphenols: A Review 2019, 35 (3):  146-153.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17100020 Abstract + ( 695 )   PDF ( 993KB )   ( 178 ) Tea polyphenols are the main active ingredient of tea. Various studies have shown that tea polyphenols confer great beneficial effects to the health of consumers including anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, anti-aging, hypoglycemic, radiation protection and other biological activity. However, one of the greatest challenges in developing tea polyphenols is their instability. Tea polyphenols are susceptible to oxidation, polymerization and condensation due to factors such as light, temperature, pH and other factors, so that their biological activity changes. Therefore, high throughput quantitative and rapid analysis of polyphenols in tea have great biological and clinical significance. High performance liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, near infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance are the main methods for high throughput quantitative analysis of tea polyphenols. These methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. In the present paper, it reviewed the analysis methods and applications of high throughput quantitative of tea polyphenols. Additionally, it analyzed the problems and advantages of these methods. It hoped to provide a reference for the high throughput detection of tea polyphenols.

  Preparation of Low DE Syrups from Millet Starch by Enzyme 2019, 35 (3):  154-157.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17100033 Abstract + ( 864 )   PDF ( 1066KB )   ( 337 ) To produce the low DE value (<20%) syrups from millet starch by high temperatureα -amylase, the influence of temperature, time and enzyme addition on the DE value of syrups and liquefaction ratio of millet starch was studied by single factor experiment. The final results of orthogonal test indicated that the optimal technology was: millet starch concentration 30%, amylase dosage 50 U/g, temperature 85℃, and reaction time 30 min. The DE value of syrups was 16.77%, and the maximum liquefaction ratio of millet starch was 81.27%.

  Japan’s Agricultural Modernization and Its Enlightenment to China 2019, 35 (3):  158-164.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18010164 Abstract + ( 938 )   PDF ( 971KB )   ( 429 ) Agricultural modernization is the basic trend of agricultural development in the world. Seven major characteristics of Japanese agricultural modernization are summarized and the main contributing factors are analyzed in this study. It is proposed that the government should further strengthen the protection and support to agriculture, effectively enhance and improve the scientific research - education - promotion system of agriculture, cultivate farmers’ economic cooperation organizations, develop local regional characteristic agriculture, and implement the strategy of high quality, high efficiency and high competitive products.