Current issue

• 2019 Vol.35 No.35 Published:16 December 2019

  Estimation of Climatic Potential Productivity of Rice and Wheat in Taicang 2019, 35 (35):  1-10.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18090104 Abstract + ( 601 )   PDF ( 1515KB )   ( 123 ) Wheat and rice are main food crops in Taicang. To find out the change trend of climatic potential productivity of wheat and rice, and estimate the influence of radiation, temperature and water condition, the data of temperature, humidity, radiation and rainfall of Taicang in recent decades were collected and sorted out. The change trend of climatic condition was analyzed, and the climatic potential productivity and climatic resource utilization ratio of rice and wheat within crop growth period were estimated by successive correction method recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The results show that: (1) the solar radiation in Taicang has decreased in recent decades, while temperature and precipitation have increased; (2) under the influence of climate change in Taicang, the climate productivity potential of wheat increases, while that of rice does not change significantly; (3) the climate productivity of wheat in Taicang is greatly influenced by water condition, while that of rice is mainly affected by temperature condition; (4) the climatic resource utilization ratio of rice is 38.50%-64.30%, while that of wheat is lower, only about 23.72%-51.39%. In conclusion, there is still a great yield-increasing potential of rice and wheat in Taicang. The yield of the two crops can be increased by monitoring temperature and adjusting farming season, strengthening water management, improving soil fertility, raising the multiple cropping index and introducing new varieties.

  Shading on Physiological Characteristics and Quality of Winter Wheat: Research Progress 2019, 35 (35):  11-15.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18080054 Abstract + ( 615 )   PDF ( 1185KB )   ( 127 ) Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important crops in China. With the rapid development of under-growth economy and the downward trend of sunlight radiation duration due to climate change, it is important to select wheat variety with shading tolerance and establish effective cultivation techniques for under-growth wheat. The author introduced the progress on the physiological characteristics and grain quality of wheat by shading,and discussed the wheat varieties suitable for shading should have some physiological characteristics and correspongding cultivation measures. It is pointed out that the leaf of wheat with high actual photochemical efficiency(ΦPSⅡ)and high antioxidant enzyme activities for scavengingSSoxygenSspecies (O2? and OH?) and the faster grain filling rate and so on should been optimallySchoosen in the shading treatment. At the same time, ridge planting and rational nitrogen application can achieve good economic benefits. Finally, the application prospect of the improved wheat variety matching method in the agroforersty systems is prospected.

  The Relationship of Winter Wheat Photosynthetic Rate and Vegetation Indices Under Different Water Conditions 2019, 35 (35):  16-23.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18070028 Abstract + ( 447 )   PDF ( 2256KB )   ( 114 ) To effectively and rapidly diagnose the potential productivity of wheat under different water conditions, water stress experiment of winter wheat was conducted in canopy. By studying the photosynthetic rate and vegetation index, the authors analyzed the changing characteristics of the photosynthetic rate, NDVI, EVI, RVI and PRI in the growth period, and the optimum model of photosynthetic rate and vegetation index was established. The results showed that water stress decreased vegetation indices from jointing stage to booting stage, but it did not influence Pn greatly. Both vegetation indices and Pn were sensitive to water stress from booting stage to flowering stage. However, Pn and vegetation indices decreased greatly (P<0.01) only under severe and heavy drought stress conditions [30%-65% field capacity (FC)], moderate drought and slight water logging (65%-105% FC) did not influence Pn obviously. Pn was best reflected by EVI under severe drought stress condition (Pn=2.0449EVI-1.2906, R=0.82, P<0.01) and heavy drought stress condition (Pn=1.7742EVI- 1.7021, R=0.79, P<0.01) but PRI was the best indicator of Pn (Pn=47.283PRI +10.887, R=0.38) under the moderate drought stress condition. Pn was closely related to NDVI with Pn=37.982NDVI3.0101 (R=0.51, P<0.01) for unstressed condition and with Pn=28.024NDVI2.5646 (R=0.47, P<0.05) for slight water logging condition. The optimum models of Pn with different vegetation indices could be used as an indicator to evaluate photosynthetic of regional winter wheat under different water conditions, further for product prediction.

  A Comparative Study on Thirteen Fresh Waxy Sweet Maize Varieties (Lines) in Heilongjiang 2019, 35 (35):  24-30.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18090092 Abstract + ( 716 )   PDF ( 1199KB )   ( 369 ) The aim is to select fresh edible maize varieties as special vegetable from north to south in Heilongjiang. In this study, 12 fresh waxy sweet maize lines and‘Jing Kenuo 2000’(CK) were taken as materials in comparative cultivation experiment. The agronomic characters, stress resistance, sensor quality and taste were determined. The results showed that: in waxy maize,‘Mi nuo No. 91’had compact plant type, the ear was cylindrical type and uniform, the kernel was yellow and full, the average quality of fresh ear was 0.43 kg, and the yield of fresh ear was 26445 kg/hm2.‘Mi nuo No. 91’had obvious advantages over the control variety‘Jing Kenuo 2000’in terms of yield, ear and kernel characteristics, appearance and taste, it could be the first choice of waxy maize in Heilongjiang. In sweet waxy maize,‘Mi nuo No.910’had compact plant type, the ear was cone type and uniform, and it had no baldness, the kernel was yellow and full, and the average quality of fresh ear was 0.36 kg, the yield of fresh ear was 22140 kg/hm2. It could be the first choice of sweet waxy maize in Heilongjiang. Thus, the waxy maize‘Minuo No. 91’and the sweet waxy maize‘Minuo No.910’ have obvious advantages over the control variety‘JingKenuo 2000’, they are suitable for cultivating in Heilongjiang.

  Sowing Dates Affect Seed Quality and Yield of High Protein Soybean 刘婧琦,盖志佳,, and 2019, 35 (35):  31-34.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb19010074 Abstract + ( 453 )   PDF ( 1213KB )   ( 95 ) The aim is to study the optimal sowing date of different high-protein soybean varieties. 4 highprotein soybean varieties in Sanjiang Plain of Heilongjiang Province were used as materials, 7 different sowing dates were carried out in this study. The effects of the sowing date on seed quality and yield of high protein soybean were studied. The results showed that: the mean rang of protein content of the 4 high-protein soybean varieties was from 39.14% to 45.26%, and the maximum change was 15.64%. The mean range of fat content was from 18.82% to 20.30% , and the maximum change was 7.86% . The yield variation range was from 2064.2 kg/hm2 to 3068.1 kg/hm2. The mean protein yield range was from 807.2 to 1377.9 kg/hm2. Yield and protein yield increased first and then decreased with the sowing dates, and reached the maximum at A2 sowing date. The sowing date significantly affected the protein content, fat content, yield and protein yield of soybean. Therefore, the optimum sowing date can increase yield and protein yield of soybean, and the best sowing date in local climatic condition for high-protein soybean varieties is around May 4.

  Remote Sensing Estimation of Forest Volume Based on Cluster Analysis and Ridge Estimation Model 2019, 35 (35):  35-39.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18090025 Abstract + ( 443 )   PDF ( 1415KB )   ( 72 ) To improve the reliability of remote sensing of forest stocking equation and solve the correlation problem among independent variables, this study intended to use the clustering analysis and ridge estimation model to estimate the forest stock in Miyun County. Remote sensing and topographic factors that having an impact on forest stocks were selected as classification characterization factors for cluster analysis. According to the clustering results, the modeling samples were selected, and the forest estimation volume was estimated by the ridge estimation model, and the applicability evaluation and accuracy verification were carried out. Three kinds of classification results were obtained by aggregating the sum of squared deviations, the model samples were extracted by weights, and the models were verified by 30 independent reserved samples. The results showed that the R2 of the measured value and the estimated value of the reserved sample was 0.5311, the root mean square error was 1.4553, the relative deviation was 8.9%, the measured value was 90.942 m3, and the estimated value was 82.842 m3. The applicability of the model was general, the estimation accuracy reached 91.1%, and the overall estimation accuracy was high.

  Application Study on Biomass Regression Model of Cinnamamun cassia Plantation 2019, 35 (35):  40-44.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18070022 Abstract + ( 496 )   PDF ( 1278KB )   ( 70 ) To predict biomass of forest stand quickly and accurately, Cinnamamun cassia of Fangcheng was studied to establish the biomass model of trunks, barks, leaves and branches based on linear and nonlinear relations, and the effects of different densities of Cinnamamun cassia plantation on biomass of each organ and diameter classes was analyzed. The results showed that, the correlation coefficient of the optimal model of each organ had reached over 0.93, the optimal model was applied to estimating the biomass of each organ under the 4 densities, and the results were same as: trunk> branch> bark> leaves. The total biomass of the above ground showed that: density II> CK> densityⅠ> density Ⅲ, and density II (2400 plants /hm2) was the best density of the biomass of big-diameter timber in the Cinnamamun cassia plantation.

  Response of C, N and P Stoichiometric Characteristics of Root Orders in Poplar Incision to Root Pruning 2019, 35 (35):  45-51.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18110119 Abstract + ( 342 )   PDF ( 1301KB )   ( 82 ) The aim of this study is to explore the effects of root pruning on the stoichiometric characteristics of C, N and P among different branch orders of fine root in the incision of Populus euramericana cv. ‘Neva’. A field experiment was designed and performed, in which root system of five-year-old poplar were manually pruned with a sharp spade at six, eight and ten times of DBH (diameter at breast height) distance along both inter-row sides, to study the effects of different root pruning treatments on C, N, P contents and their stoichiometric ratios of the first five order roots in the incision as well as volume growth of poplar. The results indicated that compared with the CK (un-pruned), the C, N and P contents and C/N, C/P ratios from the first to fifth order roots in 6-2 treatment obviously decreased, the 10-2 treatment changed slightly, whereas the 8-2 treatment significantly increased. Along with the increase of root order, the C content and C/N, C/P ratios presented a trend of increasing, the N and P contents presented a trend of decreasing gradually, while no significant variation rule of N/P was observed among different root orders. At the same time, the average volume growth rate of 8-2 treatment was the largest, showing 40.31%, 60.72% and 38.10% increases in comparison with the treatments of CK, 6-2 and 10-2, respectively. Additionally, the correlation analysis indicated that the average volume growth rate was extremely significantly or significantly correlated with C and N contents and the ratios of C/N, C/P and N/P. As a result, significant differences were observed in the effects of different pruning intensities on stoichiometric characteristics of fine root in the incision of Populus euramericana cv. ‘Neva’, in which root pruning at distance of eight times of the DBH along both inter-row sides significantly promotes the volume growth of Populus euramericana cv. ‘Neva’ via increasing the C, N, P contents and their stoichiometric ratios of different root orders in the incision.

  Effect of Deep Transplant Combined with Hilling on Root Development, Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco 2019, 35 (35):  52-58.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18090103 Abstract + ( 463 )   PDF ( 1260KB )   ( 71 ) This paper aims to clarify the effect of transplanting depth and hilling measures on the growth and development of tobacco in filed, the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco are also discussed. Field experiments were carried out using the random group design to investigate and analyze the growth period, root parameters, agronomic characters, material accumulation of tobacco plants in the field, output and quality of tobacco leaf were also statistically analyzed. The results showed that the effective growth period of tobacco plants in the field could be prolonged by deep transplant combined with hilling, the vigorous growth period and maturity period of tobacco plants in the field could be extended by 9 and 23 d respectively. The plant height, stem circumference, leaf number, maximum leaf length and width of the tobacco plant increased by 3.20 cm, 0.70 cm, 2 pieces, 5.06 cm and 3.17 cm respectively, and significantly increased the length and biomass of root in different soil layers. It could also enhance the absorption capacity of tobacco plants and the assimilation capacity of aboveground areas. The economic characters of flue-cured tobacco increased significantly, and the yield, average price, production value and the proportion of medium and high grade tobacco increased by 357.71 kg/hm2, 2.60 yuan/kg, 15774.75yuan/hm2 and 12.02 percentage points respectively. Total sugar and reducing sugar content in tobacco leaves dropped, nicotine and potassium ion content increased at the same time, but sugar/nicotine reduced to a varying extent. The chemical comprehensive composition of tobacco leaves tended to harmonize, the sensory quality was improved and the style characteristics were highlighted. Transplanting depth of 15 cm in combination with ridging 5 cm measures can optimize the environment of root growth and development of tobacco plant in open field, promote root development, enhance the ability to absorb and assimilate accumulation of tobacco plant, extend the effective growth period, increase yield and improve quality of tobacco leaf.

  Tissue Culture and Regeneration Study of Various Explants of Brassica napus 2019, 35 (35):  59-66.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18100074 Abstract + ( 623 )   PDF ( 1893KB )   ( 83 ) The lateral bud, flower bud receptacle, hypocotyl and cotyledon derived from sterile seedlings of elite Brassica napus restorer line 627R, 621R and 616R were used as explants for tissue culture. The research explored the effects of different seedling ages, pre- culture time, different hormone ratios of pre- culture medium, callus differentiation medium, shoot induced medium and shoot growth medium on shoot regeneration and plant growth vigor. The high frequency of shoot regeneration resulted from hypocotyl and cotyledon derived from 6 days growth seedlings cultured in the following procedure, after 3 days in pre-culture medium (MS+ 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D+ 1.0 mg/L 6-BA+ 30 g/L sucrose+ 8 g/L agar, pH 5.85, the explants were transferred to callus differentiation medium, MS+ 3 mg/L 6-BA+ 1.0 mg/L NAA+ 5 mg/L AgNO3+ 30 g/L sucrose+ 8 g/L agar, pH 5.85, or MS+ 3 mg/L 6-BA+ 1.0 mg/L IAA+ 5 mg/L AgNO3+ 30 g/L sucrose+ 8 g/L agar, pH 5.85. The high frequency of shoot regeneration derived from lateral and buds in the flower bud development could be cultured 30 days in callus or shoot regeneration medium(MS+ 10 mg/L 6-BA+ 1 mg/L NAA+ 30 g/L sucrose+ 8 g/L agar，pH 5.85). All the plants from explants culture had abundant fine roots such as increased root hair number and length, and excellent seedling vigor after transferring to medium with 15 mg/L CCC (MS+ 15 mg/L CCC+ 15-20 g/L sucrose+ 8 g/L agar，pH 5.85) for 30 days. The tissue culture system established for different explants of Brassica napus restorer line will accelerate the reproduction and evaluation of rapeseed varieties.

  Water-Land-Crop in Sanjiang Plain: Optimal Allocation Based on Virtual Water 2019, 35 (35):  67-72.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18090046 Abstract + ( 582 )   PDF ( 1921KB )   ( 131 ) The paper aims to promote grain production and increase agricultural income, realize the optimal allocation of water-soil-crop in Sanjiang plain. We established a linear programming model with generalized agricultural water resources (i.e. blue water and green water) as constraints based on the actual condition of agricultural production with both rain-fed and irrigation practice by using the software LINGO 17.0 to solve the objective function and the corresponding planting area of rice, corn, soybean. The results showed that: based on the situation of 2015 and the optimization results of planting structure after the implementation of the Sanjiang Connected Project, the rice planting area increased, the corn planting area reduced significantly, and the soybean planting area had both increase and decrease. The Sanjiang Connected Project provides important facilities for the realization of water-soil-crop optimal allocation and the planting structural adjustment of rainfed and irrigated agriculture in the region. Continuous optimization of planting structure and promotion of water-soil-crop optimal allocation are of great significance for further improving the grain production capacity in Sanjiang plain.

  Characteristics of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Absorption and Distribution of Summer Peanut in Lime Concretion Black Soil Region 2019, 35 (35):  73-78.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18120004 Abstract + ( 508 )   PDF ( 1283KB )   ( 76 ) To understand the nutrient absorption characteristics of peanut in lime concretion black soil area and to reasonably conduct fertilization according to peanut fertilizer requirements could improve peanut yield and fertilizer utilization rate. The authors studied the characteristics of nutrients’uptake and distribution of summer peanut in lime concretion black soil area through analyzing the nutrient accumulation of different organs in different peanut growth stages in field experiment. The results showed that: (1) the nitrogen contents in vegetative organs of roots, stems and leaves showed a downward trend, and decreased to the lowest value in the mature period; phosphorus content showed a stable trend in general; the potassium content in stems and leaves showed a change of“S”type, the content of potassium in roots decreased first and then increased; nitrogen content in leaves was higher than that in roots and stems; the potassium content in stems was higher than that in leaves and roots; the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in pods were always higher than that in roots, stems and leaves; (2) the cumulative uptake of N, P and K in peanut plants increased gradually with the increase of growth period and biomass; the maximum amount of uptake was reached at the harvest stage, the ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus and potassium was 1.00:(0.20~0.32):(0.47~0.95); (3) there were different distribution proportions of N, P and K in different organs, and there were more content of N, P and K in stems and leaves at the seedling stage, roots distribution amount was relatively less; the accumulation of N, P and K were mainly in the pods from the beginning in the podding stage; the nutrient accumulation in roots, stems and leaves decreased gradually, and transferred to pods; the accumulation of N, P and K in pods reached the maximum value at the maturing stage; nitrogen accumulation accounted for 93.50% of the whole plant, phosphorus was 89.16%, and potassium was 69.30%; the distribution proportion of N, P and K in roots, stems, leaves and pods were 0.47%:4.05%:1.98%:93.50%, 0.66%:8.32%:1.87%:89.16% and 1.32%:24.04%: 5.26%:69.39. In conclusion, there is a peak of peanut nutrient absorption from the podding to the pod filling stage. To increase production, fertilizer requirement characteristics of peanut in different growth stages should be taken into consideration to meet the nutrient demand of plants in the later growth periods.

  Effects of Different Nitrogen Levels on Dry matter Accumulation, Transfer and Yield of Summer Soybean 2019, 35 (35):  79-86.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18080108 Abstract + ( 359 )   PDF ( 1393KB )   ( 73 ) The effects of nitrogen application on leaf area index, dry matter accumulation and yield of summer soybean were studied in Yining County of Xinjiang from 2015 to 2016. The results showed that the leaf area index, dry matter accumulation and yield of summer soybean increased first and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rates, and all were the highest at nitrogen application rate of 150 kg/hm2 (N1), followed by 300 kg/hm2 (N2). With the advancement of growth process, the leaf area index of summer soybean increased first and then decreased, reaching its peak value at full pod stage, and under N1 treatment, the leaf area index was 5.59, which was 49.07% and 13.39% higher than that of N0 and N2, respectively. Nitrogen application increased the maximum accumulation rate and duration of rapid growth of summer soybean dry matter. In the two years, the post-anthesis dry matter accumulation under N1 treatment was the highest of 15.70 g/plant, which was 40.32% higher than that of N0. The translocation and contribution of nitrogen treatment were significantly higher than that of non-nitrogen treatment, and N1 was the highest in the two years. The translocation was 53.33% and 12.47% higher than that of N0 and N2 treatment, respectively, and the contribution rate was 17.97% and 4.23% higher than that of N0 and N2 treatment, respectively. N1 had the highest yield of 2929.56 kg/hm2 by two years average, which was 29.42%, 6.53% higher than that of N0, N2, respectively, reaching the significant difference level.

  Microbial Inoculum Affects the Industrial Composting of Chicken Manure and Rice Husk 2019, 35 (35):  87-93.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18090110 Abstract + ( 423 )   PDF ( 1355KB )   ( 108 ) To clarify the influence of microbial inoculum on composting process and product quality of chicken manure industrial composting, and control the process of commercial organic fertilizer production, an experiment was conducted. We selected chicken manure and rice husk as the raw material, set treatments with adding microbial inoculum or not, conducted the 40-day windrow composting, and analyzed the related indexes of composting process and quality. The results showed that the temperature of CK and MI remained above 50℃ for 21 days and 22 days, respectively, which reached the high temperature compost hygiene standards. Compost product of CK and MI had no significant difference on a series of process and maturity parameters, such as pH value, EC and moisture content. Therefore, the blank contrast test of microbial inoculum should be carried out in production, so as to avoid unnecessary cost. In addition, the solid phase carbon and nitrogen ratio of the compost material is relatively high, which seriously slow down the composting process. To increase the benefits of enterprises, it is necessary to optimize and adjust the compost process parameters.

  Whole-process Control Technology of Typical Rice Field Polluted with Cadmium in Hunan: A Case Study 2019, 35 (35):  94-99.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18080071 Abstract + ( 369 )   PDF ( 1297KB )   ( 113 ) The tested rice field in the Changsha County is an typical acidic Cd-polluted paddy field , and the rice has a high accumulation of Cd from the soil[1]. The production of cadmium rice will bring a risk to food safety and human health. In this paper, the characteristic of the selected Cd-polluted paddy field was analyzed and the risk of pollution was evaluated. Then, according to the analysis and evaluation results, the restoration and treatment research was carried out, which used the whole-process control mode (front-end irrigation water purification, middle-end stabilization control, and end-end plant enrichment). The results showed that the experimental rice field was a high-risk field, and the Cd in rice decreased by 67.24% after the application of whole-process control mode. Available Cd of soil decreased by 38.10% and the yield of rice increased by 8.85%.The removal rate of total Cd was 3.17%~8.45% in soil, and the bio-concentration factor (BCF) of Cd in the rape plant was 2.69~3.43. By estimation, the direct remediation cost of this case is 5100 yuan /hm2 per quarter. This study is of great significance for the establishment of a complete set of whole-process control integration technology for the remediation of contaminated rice fields and its promotion and demonstration.

  Factors Affecting Greenhouse Gas Emission in Farmland 2019, 35 (35):  100-103.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18100032 Abstract + ( 950 )   PDF ( 1055KB )   ( 141 ) The research advance on three major greenhouse gases’emission and the influencing factors on farmland greenhouse gas emission are discussed in this paper. The results indicated that greenhouse gas emission from farmland was affected by fertilizers, tillage methods, soil moisture, soil temperature, soil texture, soil organic matter, plastic film mulching, mechanized operation and so on. The reduction of farmland greenhouse gas emission could be carried out from reducing emission, enhancing removal, and replacing (avoiding) emission. To achieve the sustainable development of agriculture with production and income increase and emission reduction should be based on local conditions, new fertilizers’development, rational irrigation, and scientific cultivation and management of soil.

  Salt-tolerant Rice Planting in Coastal Saline-alkali Soil 2019, 35 (35):  104-108.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18100050 Abstract + ( 407 )   PDF ( 2436KB )   ( 122 ) In order to select the varieties of salt-tolerant and high-yielding salt-tolerant rice suitable for planting in coastal saline-alkali soil, five varieties were selected, which were salt rice 10, salt rice 12, nanjing 9108, 11k93-1 and 11k93-2.Field comparative experiments were conducted in coastal saline-alkali soil to observe the salt tolerance of different salt-tolerant rice and the improvement effect of planting on coastal saline-alkali soil. The results showed that different varieties of salt-tolerant rice had differences in yield, salt-tolerance, speed of reactivation and disease resistance.The yield per unit area is 350.2~461.8Kg/ mu.Salt rice 10, 11k93-1 and 11k93-2 had the best salt tolerance, followed by salt rice 12, and nanjing 9108 had the worst salt tolerance. Salt rice 10 has strong salt resistance, quick green tree regeneration and comprehensive characters.11k93-1 and 11k93-2 showed strong salt resistance, with red bacterial plaque and normal growth. Salt rice 12 had moderate salt tolerance and slow green regeneration.The salt resistance of nanjing 9108 is poor, and it turns green slowly. Combined with soil salinity data analysis, salt-tolerant rice planting can effectively reduce soil salinity and control the occurrence of surface soil resalt.The soil salinity was controlled below 3‰ in the whole process of rice growing, and the soil desalination rate was 65.41% ~ 74.22% before and after planting. This study can provide reference for planting salt-tolerant rice and its improvement in large area of coastal saline-alkali soil.

  Current Status of Resource Utilization of Biogas Slurry in Agriculture 2019, 35 (35):  109-117.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18080050 Abstract + ( 425 )   PDF ( 1221KB )   ( 110 ) Biogas slurry has gradually become a hot new type of organic fertilizer and research hotspot in the field of agricultural planting, which has a significant impact on the crop itself, the soil repair mechanism or the atmosphere and water environment; there are also many ways to use biogas slurry, including liquid spraying and root fertilization; at the same time, the biogas slurry application in the field of soaking and bio-pesticide has covered a wide range of roles and played a vital role. Inevitably, pros and cons coexist in the process of biogas slurry applicated as fertilizer, some details that need to be paid attention to and cannot be ignored in the practical application of biogas slurry have yet to be further studied, for the purpose of achieving a final harmonious, safe and efficient use principle, and thus ensure the economic fertilizer source of biogas slurry can maximize the benefits. For this reason, the author outlines the research progress of main ways and methods, the results obtained, the evaluation of environmental benefits and the existing problems of biogas slurry in agricultural application through a large number of survey statistics of literature resources, and prospects for the research direction and expected results of future resource utilization of biogas slurry, in order to provide a reference for the comprehensive universalization and safe and stable development of biogas slurry in the agricultural field.

  Temperature Variation Characteristics and Daily Minimum Temperature Forecast Inside Spring Greenhouse in Shanghai 2019, 35 (35):  118-123.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18090084 Abstract + ( 555 )   PDF ( 1338KB )   ( 143 ) To improve facility agro-meteorological services in Jinshan Shanghai, and mitigate the impact of meteorological disasters on greenhouse ‘Yulu’ peach production, based on the meteorological observation data inside and outside the solar greenhouse in spring during 2015 to 2017, the temperature characteristic and the minimum temperature forecast model inside the greenhouse in spring were studied by using correlation and stepwise regression analysis method. The results showed that the temperature inside the peach greenhouse had an obvious diurnal variation in sunny and cloudy days, and the range of temperature change was greater in sunny days than in cloudy days. The humidity inside was higher than that in continuous overcast days, and it seriously affected the normal growth and pollination of flat peach. The minimum temperature inside the solar greenhouse was preferably related to the highest and lowest temperature inside or outside the solar greenhouse. The minimum temperature forecast model inside the solar greenhouse in winter has been set up by using 2015—2016 spring data. The forecast model has been verified by the spring data in 2017. The absolute error (AE) of the forecast minimum temperature inside the peach greenhouse in the whole spring was about 1.56℃, the average relative errors was about 18%, and the average absolute errors (RMSE) was about 4.97℃,The model result in overcast days was best. The results of model fitting and forecast test showed that forecast model had high accurate and good practicability.

  Exogenous Plant Hormones Affect Blooming and Fruiting Characteristics of Leymus chinensis 2019, 35 (35):  124-128.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18090061 Abstract + ( 441 )   PDF ( 1328KB )   ( 111 ) To improve the sexual reproduction of Leymus chinensis, and yield and quality of its seeds, the gibberellin, auxin and cytokinin were selected for foliar spray on L. chinensis leaves at jointing stage in the artificial pasture, to study their effects on blooming and fruiting characteristics. The results showed that the effects of different plant hormones on blooming and fruiting characteristics of L. chinensis were different, low concentration GA3 (75 mg/L) increased the total number of flowers and fruiting through increasing blooming number in later period of full- bloom stage and the floret number bloomed before 9:00 am, and at last it increased the weight of single spike (P<0.05). Although 150 mg/L KT did not influenced the floret blooming number during full-blooming, it increased the seed number and weight per plant significantly (P<0.05). 75 mg/L IAA had no effects on the floret blooming number, the seeds number and weight per plant. Therefore, spraying GA3 and KT with moderate concentration on leaves at jointing stage is beneficial for blooming and fruiting characteristics of L. chinensis.

  A Technology of Displaying Kriging Interpolation Based on Contour Rendering Method 2019, 35 (35):  129-133.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18090136 Abstract + ( 506 )   PDF ( 2029KB )   ( 103 ) At present, the expression of spatial data on the Web exposes some problems, such as large amount of data transmitted by the network, strong dependency of plug- ins and poor interactivity. To reduce the pressure of the browser and complete the visualization of spatial data on the Web quickly and efficiently, the paper proposed a technique displaying Kriging interpolation results based on the contour rendering method: with the support of Kriging interpolation algorithm and contour rendering method, the user selected the area within sample points through the“frame selection”tool on the Web, where the data of sample points was transmitted to the server for processing to generate interpolation results, then the results were rendered fleetly on the Web. The technique was applied in citrus information management system successfully, which indicated that the time of Kriging interpolation results displaying on the map was shortened effectively and the interactivity of the Web was enhanced significantly.

  Agricultural Drought Resistance in Shandong: Comprehensive Evaluation Based on Combination Optimization 2019, 35 (35):  134-140.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18090083 Abstract + ( 466 )   PDF ( 1431KB )   ( 56 ) The paper aims to explore the strength, spatial distribution characteristics and main influencing factors of agricultural drought resistance in Shandong. Based on the analysis of the influencing factors of agricultural drought resistance, we constructed a comprehensive evaluation index system for agricultural drought resistance, and carried out the comprehensive evaluation for agricultural drought resistance in Shandong by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, Entropy method (EM) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method. To avoid the inconsistency of the evaluation results, we built the circulating revision of combination optimization model to unify the evaluation results. The results showed that: the agricultural drought resistances of 17 cities in Shandong were ranked by strength and weakness; according to the cluster analysis, the 17 cities were divided into 4 categories, and the main influencing factors of agricultural drought resistance in each type of area were obtained. The circulating revision of combination optimization evaluation method can improve the accuracy and consistency of the evaluation results. We propose corresponding measures for each type of area to improve the agricultural drought resistance, which provides a scientific reference for drought prevention planning and drought risk management in Shandong.

  Quality and Safety of Aquatic Products in Fujian: Risk Factors and Countermeasures 2019, 35 (35):  141-147.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18120017 Abstract + ( 324 )   PDF ( 1275KB )   ( 258 ) This paper focuses on the importance of aquatic products safety. Risk factors that influences aquatic products quality and safety were summarized, including drugs, toxins, microorganisms, illegal additives, heavy metal and other environmental pollution factors. The present situation of aquaculture industry in Fujian province is expounded. The paper also expounds the current situation and problems of the quality and safety of aquatic products in Fujian province from the aspects of ecological friendly health breeding, farming system and disease prevention. To promote the sustainable development of aquatic products in Fujian province, countermeasures and suggestions to improve the quality and safety of aquatic products and reduce risks are given.

  Relationship between energy consumption and economic growthbased on grey relational model of Yangtze River Economic Zone 2019, 35 (35):  148-156.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18090131 Abstract + ( 413 )   PDF ( 1475KB )   ( 152 ) To understand the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth of the Yangtze River Economic Zone, based on the data related to the energy consumption and the economic growth of the region from 1995 to 2015, an empirical analysis of their correlation are conducted. As indicated by the results, among all the energy consumption industries, the wholesale and retail industry and the accommodation and catering industry have the highest correlation degree with the economic growth, which is 0.88. The energy consumption of agriculture and industry has the lowest correlation degree with the economic growth, which is 0.50 and 0.52 respectively. Among all the energy consumption types, the correlation degree between the coal consumption and the economic growth is relatively low, while high quality energy like natural gas and electricity have an obvious correlation degree with the economic growth. In conclusion, the Yangtze River Economic Zone should make efforts to adjust the industrial structure and optimize the energy consumption structure in order to achieve green and low-carbon cycle development.

  Wheat Production Machinery Input Efficiency and Influencing Factors in China: Based on the Empirical Evidence of 15 Major Wheat Producing Provinces 2019, 35 (35):  157-164.  DOI: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18090106 Abstract + ( 421 )   PDF ( 1272KB )   ( 77 ) [Objective]Under the background of rising opportunity cost of domestic agricultural labor and increasing food price difference at home and abroad, the input of wheat production machinery in our country is increasing continuously. It is important to study the efficiency of input of agricultural machinery to optimize the effect of financial support. [Method]This paper uses data envelopment analysis to measure the input efficiency of wheat machinery in 15 main producing provinces in China from 1998 to 2016, and uses panel stochastic effect Tobit model to analyze its influencing factors. [Result]It is found that the overall efficiency of wheat machinery input in China needs to be further improved. The negative correlation between the planting area, irrigation and drainage costs, the implementation of the minimum purchase price policy and the mechanical input efficiency indicates that the structure of wheat machinery input in China needs to be optimized, and the use of machinery in irrigation links has a significant impact on the input efficiency. National policies are critical to supporting key links and areas of wheat production. [Conclusion]Therefore, it is necessary to promote wheat production machinery according to local conditions, pay attention to the subsidy of irrigation inputs of farmers and the optimization of irrigation machinery, and encourage agricultural machinery technology innovation and research and development from the policy level, which can enhance the efficiency and competitiveness of the agricultural machinery industry.