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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 182-188.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1049

所属专题： 小麦

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

滴灌带布置模式对冬小麦干物质积累、分配和运转的影响

商健 刘义国 姜雯 张洪生 林琪 赵长星 张玉梅   

  • 收稿日期:2013-04-11 修回日期:2013-05-24 出版日期:2014-01-25 发布日期:2014-01-25
  • 基金资助:
    “作物栽培学与育种学”泰山学者岗位；山东省现代农业产业技术体系小麦岗位专家；国家粮食丰产科技工程项目“黄淮东部（山东）小麦玉米两熟持续丰产高效技术集成研究与示范”(2011BAD16B09-03)；农业科技成果转化资金项目“旱地小麦新品种青麦7号示范推广”(2012GB2C620518)。

Effects of Different Distance to Drip Tape on Dry Matter Accumulation, Distribution and Translocation in Winter Wheat

  • Received:2013-04-11 Revised:2013-05-24 Online:2014-01-25 Published:2014-01-25

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摘要： 为了研究滴灌带布置模式对冬小麦籽粒灌浆，干物质积累、分配和运转的影响，以‘青麦7号’为材料，采用4种滴管带布置模式（T3：一管三行、T4：一管四行、T5：一管五行、T6：一管六行，对照CK为无灌水处理）分别对冬小麦进行大田栽培处理，对冬小麦籽粒灌浆、干物质积累和运转等指标的测定和分析。结果表明，与CK相比，滴灌冬小麦收获期籽粒干重以及灌浆后期灌浆速率显著提高；成熟期干物质在籽粒中的分配率显著提高；花后干物质对籽粒的贡献率显著提高。不同滴灌带配置模式对冬小麦籽粒灌浆，干物质积累及运转的影响不同。T5处理在灌浆末期保持较高的灌浆速率和籽粒干重。地上部总干物重呈现近似“S”型生长曲线，成熟期干物质在籽粒的分配率表现为T4>T5>T6>T3>CK，且差异显著。花后转移干物质对籽粒的贡献率表现为T5>T4>T6>T3>CK，其中T5处理为58.86%，显著高于其他处理。说明T5处理最利于冬小麦籽粒灌浆，显著提高花后光合器官同化物的积累，获得较高的籽粒产量。

关键词: 叶绿素, 叶绿素

Abstract: To investigate the effects of drip irrigation lateral placements on dry matter accumulation, distribution and translocation of winter wheat, a field experiment were conducted using qingmai 7 hao cultivar with four drip irrigation treatments (1 lateral 3 rows (T3), 1 lateral 4 rows (T4), 1 lateral 5 rows (T5) and 1 lateral 6 rows, using no irrigation as control CK) under the same irrigation quota (1800 m3/hm2) at experimental station of Qingdao University in the year of 2011-2012. The results showed that, compared with CK, the grain dry weight in the harvest and filling rate in the late filling of winter wheat were significantly increased. The distribution rate in grain of dry matter in the mature period and the contribution to grains of dry matter accumulation after anthesis were increased significantly. There were different effect among the four drip irrigation treatments on grain filling, dry matter accumulation and translocation. The filling rate and grain dry weight in the late filling of T5 were higher than other drip irrigation treatments. Dynamic change of the total dry matter accumulation of winter wheat showed a “S” curve. The distribution rate in grain of dry matter in the mature period was T4 > T5 > T6 > T3 > CK, and there were significantly difference. The contribution rate of dry matter after anthesis to grains was T5 > T4 > T6 > T3 > CK, T5 reached 58.86% significantly higher than others. Therefore, “1 lateral 5 rows” pattern was most conductive to grain filling and significantly improved accumulation of photosynthetic organs assimilates after anthesis, got higher grain yield.