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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 143-148.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1644

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄河三角洲梨园自然生草对土壤pH的影响

梁博文 刘成连 王永章 李文燕 原永兵   

  • 收稿日期:2013-06-14 修回日期:2013-06-23 出版日期:2014-01-05 发布日期:2014-01-05
  • 基金资助:
    山东省农业重大应用技术创新课题； 山东省现代农业产业技术体系项目。

Effects of Natural Cover Grass in Pear Orchard on Soil pH in Yellow River Delta

  • Received:2013-06-14 Revised:2013-06-23 Online:2014-01-05 Published:2014-01-05

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摘要： 为了给改良盐碱地果园土壤和推广果园生草制提供理论基础，以山东东营市孤岛镇12年生黄金梨[Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm.f.).cv.‘Nakai’]种植园清耕梨园土壤为对照，设生草2年、生草3年和生草4年3个处理，分别测定株间和行间各层土壤pH值、有机质和氮磷钾含量，分析其随生草年限的变化，并分析pH值与有机质和其他矿质营养的相关性。结果表明：与清耕梨园相比，生草能显著降低株间和行间各层土壤pH值，株间降低1.2%~3.4%，行间降低0.6%~4.08%，且随生草年限的增加逐年降低；生草能提高株间各层土壤有机质含量，能显著提高行间各层土壤有机质含量，尤其在生草4年后，行间有机质含量比清耕梨园土壤提高64.6%，有机质含量随生草年限的增加逐年升高；生草后株间和行间各层土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量均升高，除行间20~40 cm土壤速效钾增加不显著外，其他均呈显著增加，且随生草年限的增加逐年升高；相关性分析表明，不同生草年限梨园土壤pH值与有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量均呈负相关关系。

关键词: 施肥, 施肥, 土壤微生物, 功能多样性, Biolog-ECO

Abstract: To provide a theological basis on improving saline-alkali soil and spreading grass growing techniques, the soil pH, organic matter, available N, P, K content change in different grass years of pear orchard were studied. The inter-row and inter-plant soil in the orchard with golden pear [Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm. f.).cv.‘Nakai’] grown with grass for 2, 3 and 4 years respectively were compared with that of the clean cultivated pear orchard. The correlation analysis between soil pH and soil organic and soil elements was studied. In pear orchard with grass growing, the pH of inter-row soil were depressed 1.2%-3.4%, inter-plant soil were depressed 0.6%-4.08%; the organic matter of inter-row and inter-plant soil were both increased, especially for the grass 4 years, inter-row soil were improved 64.6%; the available N, P, K were both improved; correlation analysis showed that soil pH and organic matter and available N, P, K showed a negative correlation relationship.