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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (30): 147-151.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-1561

所属专题： 水稻

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同栽培和灌溉方式对冷浸田障碍因子及水稻产量的影响

刘杰,罗尊长,肖小平,洪曦,瞿德明,罗贤树,罗志勇,余崇祥,易萍   

  1. 湖南省土壤肥料研究所,湖南农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,湖南省土壤肥料研究所,湖南省土壤肥料研究所,浏阳市土肥工作站,浏阳市土肥工作站,浏阳市土肥工作站,湖南省土壤肥料研究所,浏阳市土肥工作站
  • 收稿日期:2014-06-03 修回日期:2014-06-03 接受日期:2014-06-23 出版日期:2014-10-31 发布日期:2014-10-31
  • 通讯作者: 罗尊长
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业（农业）科研专项经费项目“湘粤山丘区冷浸田综合治理及配套技术集成研究与示范”(201003059-6)；国家科技支撑计划项目 “湖南省双季稻区淹育贫瘠及潜育中低产稻田改良技术集成示范”(2012BAD05B05-3)；湖南省农业科学院科技创新项目“湖南省高风险稻田环境质 量评价与安全利用”(2013YB03)

Effects of Different Tillage and Irrigation on Soil Barrier Factors and Rice Yield of Cold Spring Paddy Soil

  • Received:2014-06-03 Revised:2014-06-03 Accepted:2014-06-23 Online:2014-10-31 Published:2014-10-31

摘要： 为了消减冷浸型中低产田长期浸渍、泥温低、结构差、还原性物质毒害、有效养分低等障碍因子，通过田间小区试验和动态取样与室内测定，研究了不同栽培和灌溉方式对冷浸田障碍因子及水稻产量的影响。结果表明：与常规灌溉方式比较，起垄栽培结合湿润灌溉方式增加了晴朗天气条件下冷浸田土壤温度，土壤气相比例提高3 倍，土壤液相比例减少20%，土壤活性还原物质含量降低了21.9%，土壤细菌数和微生物活性分别提高128.7%和3.8%，土壤排水通气性增强，还原性物质毒害减轻，土壤有效养分提升，为微生物活动创造了优良的条件，最终使早稻增产10.8%。起垄栽培结合湿润灌溉方式是适合于冷浸田早稻增产的农水管理措施。

关键词: 措施, 措施

Abstract: The rice yield was poor on cold spring paddy soils because of low temperature, flooding, high content of soil deoxidized materials, bad structure and low soil available nutrient. The effect on improving soil properties and rice yield were researched by applying different tillage and irrigation combination. The results showed that compared with conventional tillage and irrigation, combination of bed-planting and wet irrigation increased soil temperature in fine day, decreased 20% liquid phase of soil, increased 300% gaseous phase of soil, reduced soil deoxidized materials content of 21.9% , promoted bacterium content of 128.7% and microorganism activity of 3.8% , increased soil available nutrient, increased early rice yield of 10.8% . Therefore, bed-planting combined with wet irrigation had good effect on improving cold spring paddy soils and increasing early rice yield.