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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (14): 68-76.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18060128

所属专题： 资源与环境； 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

云南白莺山茶树种质资源遗传多样性及群体结构分析

姜晓辉1, 李红建1, 李崇兴2, 陈栋1, 方开星1, 秦丹丹1, 吴华玲1   

  1. 1.广东省农业科学院茶叶研究所;2.临沧市茶叶科学研究所
  • 收稿日期:2018-06-29 修回日期:2018-08-06 接受日期:2018-08-17 出版日期:2019-05-15 发布日期:2019-05-15
  • 通讯作者: 吴华玲
  • 基金资助:
    国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-19)；国家自然科学基金“红紫芽茶高花青素相关GT家族基因克隆与功能研究” (31600550)；广东省自然科学基金“红紫芽茶树高花青素相关功能基因的克隆与功能研究”(2014A030313567)；广东省科技计划项目“野生茶树种质 资源收集鉴评及优良品种选育”(2015A030302047)，广东省茶叶产业技术创新联盟平台建设(2016A090924005)；广州市珠江科技新星专项“特色高花 青素红紫芽茶种质鉴评与创新利用”(201506010018)。

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Tea Germplasm from Baiying Mountain in Yunnan

  • Received:2018-06-29 Revised:2018-08-06 Accepted:2018-08-17 Online:2019-05-15 Published:2019-05-15

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摘要： 为研究云南白莺山茶树种质资源的遗传多样性，以白莺山68 份茶树种质为试验材料，进行生物学性状的调查，并采用EST-SSR分子标记毛细管电泳的方法对云南白莺山12 个类型茶树遗传多样性、亲缘关系及群体遗传结构等内容进行研究。结果表明：（1）该群体生物学形态变异非常丰富，涵盖了乔木、小乔木和灌木；大叶种、中叶种和小叶种；叶形有椭圆形、长椭圆形和披针形；芽叶茸毛量呈现从无、少、中、多到特多的连续变化。（2）利用34 对EST-SSR引物进行分子标记分析，表明云南白莺山群体期望杂合度平均值为0.6981，观测杂合度值为0.5982；PIC 信息指数为0.6686，Shannon’s 信息指数为1.6068，有效等位基因数和观测等位基因数分别为4.1761 和9.7353。（3）基于Evanno 统计模型的群体遗传结构分析可将白莺山茶树群体资源分为5 个亚群，5 个亚群间的基因流值为1.8995，群体间遗传分化系数(Fst)0.1163，表明各亚群是一个中度分化的群体，各亚群间存在着基因交流。

关键词: 通海县, 通海县, 菜地, 土壤养分, 分析与评价

Abstract: The paper aims to study the genetic diversity of tea germplasm in Baiying mountain. The capillary electrophoresis detection with fluorescent EST-SSR marker was used to analyze the genetic polymorphism and genetic relationship of 68 tea plant germplasm. The results showed that: (1) the population biology morphological variation was very rich, covering trees, small trees and shrubs; large leaf, middle leaf and small leaf; oval, oblong and lanceolate; the amount of bud fuzz changed continuously from less to more; (2) the 34 pairs of EST-SSR primers showed that the average of heterozygosity was 0.6981 in Baiying mountain, the observe heterozygosity was 0.5982, the polymorphism information content was 0.6686, the Shannon’s information index was 1.6068; the number of digits and observed alleles were 4.1761 and 9.7353, respectively; (3) the tea germplasm was divided into 5 subpopulations based on Evanno statistical model, the gene flow value among five subpopulations was 1.8995, and the coefficient of genetic differentiation between populations (Fst) was 0.1163. Each subgroup was a moderately differentiated group. There were gene exchanges among subgroups.