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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (16): 1-7.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0028

所属专题： 油料作物

• 农学·农业基础科学 •    下一篇

不同花生品种氮磷钾钙硫吸收、分配和利用的差异

司贤宗1(), 张翔1(), 索炎炎1, 李亮1, 李亚飞1, 余琼1, 邱岭军1, 余辉2   

  1. 1河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,郑州 450002
    2正阳县花生研究所,河南正阳 463600
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-22 修回日期:2020-08-26 出版日期:2021-06-05 发布日期:2021-06-16
  • 通讯作者: 张翔
  • 作者简介:司贤宗,男,1975年出生,河南夏邑人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事经济作物施肥研究。通信地址：450002 郑州市花园路116号,E-mail： sixianzong@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“大豆及花生化肥农药减施技术集成研究与示范”(2018YFD0201008);河南省现代农业产业技术体系建设“河南省花生产业技术体系耕作栽培岗位”(S2012-05-G02);河南省农业科学院优秀青年科技基金项目“花生钙素高效调控关键技术及机理研究”(2018YQ15);河南省科技攻关计划项目“夏花生磷营养高效利用技术途径研究”(172102110081);河南省重点科技攻关项目“不同施锌方式下外源磷诱导对花生锌营养的影响及其作用机制”(192102110010)

Differences in Absorption, Distribution and Utilization of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Calcium and Sulfur Among Peanut Varieties

Si Xianzong1(), Zhang Xiang1(), Suo Yanyan1, Li Liang1, Li Yafei1, Yu Qiong1, Qiu Lingjun1, Yu Hui2   

  1. 1Institute of Plant Nutrition, Resource and Environment, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002
    2Zhengyang Institute of Peanut, Zhengyang Henan 463600
  • Received:2020-04-22 Revised:2020-08-26 Online:2021-06-05 Published:2021-06-16
  • Contact: Zhang Xiang

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摘要：

通过大田随机区组试验,研究优化施肥条件下,不同花生品种氮磷钾钙硫吸收、分配和利用的差异,旨在为豫南花生产区不同品种花生合理施用氮磷钾钙硫肥提供技术支撑。结果表明,花生仁中氮(N)、磷(P)、硫(S)含量最高,其中,‘驻花1号’的N、‘开农71’的P、‘冀花13’的S含量最高,分别为5.150%、0.558%、0.277%;花生茎叶中钾(K)、钙(Ca)含量最高,其中‘中花16’茎叶中K、‘中花24’茎叶中Ca含量最高,分别为1.637%、0.940%。花生仁中N、P、S积累量最高,其中,‘豫花40’花生仁中N、P、S积累量最高,分别为288.436、25.505、15.263 kg/hm2;花生茎叶中K、Ca积累量最高,其中‘豫花37’、‘中花24’茎叶中K、Ca积累量最高,分别为80.760、54.084 kg/hm2。每形成100 kg荚果需求的N、P2O5、K2O、CaO、S养分量分别3.920~5.042、0.905~1.293、1.626~2.721、0.777~1.150、0.270~0.343 kg。本试验条件下,每形成100 kg荚果,‘豫花22’需求的氮最低,‘中花24’需求的磷最低,‘商花5号’需求的钾、钙、硫最低;‘驻花1号’需求的氮最高,‘开农71’需求的磷、钾、硫最高,‘中花24’需求的钙最高。

关键词: 花生, 养分, 吸收, 分配, 利用

Abstract:

In peanut producing areas of southern Henan, the absorption, distribution and utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and sulfur among different peanut varieties were studied by field random block experiments under optimized fertilization conditions, aiming to provide technical support for rational application of fertilizers with the above elements in peanut production. Results showed that the contents of N, P and S in peanut kernel were high in ‘Zhuhua 1’ (5.150%), ‘Kainong 71’ (0.558%) and ‘Jihua1 3’ (0.277%), respectively; the contents of K and Ca in the stem and leaf were the highest, the content of K in‘Zhonghua16’ was 0.940% and the content of Ca in ‘Zhonghua 24’ was 1.637%, respectively. The accumulation rate of N, P and S in peanut kernel was the highest in ‘Yuhua 40’, which was 288.436, 25.505 and 15.263 kg/hm 2, respectively; the accumulation rate of K and Ca in the stem and leaf was highest in ‘Yuhua 37’ (80.760 kg/hm 2) and ‘Zhonghua 24’ (54.084 kg/hm 2), respectively. The demanding rate of N, P2O5, K2O, CaO and S for 100 kg peanut pod was 3.920-5.042, 0.905-1.293, 1.626-2.721, 0.777-1.150 and 0.270-0.343 kg, respectively. Under the experiment conditions, for producing 100 kg peanut pod, the demanding rate of nitrogen of ‘Yuhua 22’, phosphorus of ‘Zhonghua 24’, and potassium, calcium and sulfur of ‘Shanghua 5’ were the lowest, while the nitrogen demanding of ‘Zhuhua 1’, the phosphorus, potassium and sulfur demanding of ‘Kainong 71’, and the calcium demanding of ‘Zhonghua 24’ were the highest.

Key words: peanut, nutrient, absorption, distribution, utilization

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