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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (30): 36-39.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0089

所属专题： 现代农业发展与乡村振兴

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

湖南省农业废弃物就地肥料化利用技术模式研究与应用

彭志红1(), 褚飞1, 李果2, 杨威1   

  1. 1湖南省土壤肥料研究所,长沙 410125
    2湖南碧野生物科技有限公司,长沙 410100
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-11 修回日期:2020-06-15 出版日期:2020-10-25 发布日期:2020-10-16
  • 作者简介:彭志红,男,1966年出生,湖南汨罗人,副研究员,本科,主要从事作物施肥和农业废弃物资源化利用工作。通信地址：410125 湖南省长沙市芙蓉区远大二路730号 湖南省土壤肥料研究所,Tel：0731-84691347,E-mail： xingxiang98@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“长江中下游南部双季稻周年水肥高效协同与灾害绿色防控丰产节本增效关键技术研究与模式构建”(2017YFD0301501-3);湖南省农业科技创新资金项目“矿物质降镉专用肥应用研究与示范”(2019LS04)

Technical Model of In-situ Fertilizer Utilization of Agricultural Wastes in Hunan Province

Peng Zhihong1(), Chu Fei1, Li Gou2, Yang Wei1   

  1. 1Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha 410125
    2Hunan Biye Biotechnology Co., LTD., Changsha 410100
  • Received:2020-05-11 Revised:2020-06-15 Online:2020-10-25 Published:2020-10-16

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摘要：

针对湖南农业大省,农业废弃物种类多,量大面广的问题,本研究根据不同种类的农业废弃物资源与有机肥产品特点设计了5种处理利用模式：（1）鸡粪+秸秆制成有机肥用于果蔬茶;（2）牛粪+烟末制作有机肥用于粮食与经济作物;（3）蘑菇渣等废弃物制作有机肥;（4）尾菜+饼粕制作有机肥用于蔬菜基地;（5）鸡粪+返料制作有机肥用于经济作物。研究结果表明：上述农业废弃物处理技术模式具有明显的优势：降低废弃物消纳和企业生产的时空成本,避免二次污染,获得了更多的有机肥料资源。这些技术模式可复制、可推广,为不同地区、不同种类废弃物、不同规模企业提供了借鉴,解决了农业污染物就地处理的技术难题,对环境保护和农业可持续发展具有积极意义。

关键词: 农业废弃物, 就地, 肥料化利用, 有机肥, 技术模式, 应用

Abstract:

In view of the agricultural wastes’ types and quantity in Hunan Province, five utilization modes were designed according to different agricultural waste resources and the characteristics of organic fertilizer products, including (1) chicken manure + crop residue organic fertilizer applied to fruits, vegetables and tea fields; (2) cow dung + tobacco waste organic fertilizer applied to food crops and economic crops; (3) mushroom residue organic fertilizer; (4) vegetable waste + cake organic fertilizer applied to vegetables; (5) chicken manure + returned material organic fertilizer applied to economic crops. The results show that there are obvious advantages by using agricultural wastes above described, such as reducing the cost of waste consumption and enterprise production, avoiding secondary pollution, and obtaining more organic fertilizer resources. These technical models could be copied and popularized, which provide management references on different types of wastes for different regions and enterprises, and solve the technical problem of in-situ treatment of agricultural pollutants. The models could have positive significance for environmental protection and sustainable development of agriculture.

Key words: agricultural waste, in-situ, fertilizer utilization, organic fertilizer, technical model, application

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