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中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (9): 57-63.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0238

所属专题: 资源与环境

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

地膜源头减量化技术可行路径探讨

赵记军1(), 于显枫2, 张绪成2()   

  1. 1甘肃省农业生态与资源保护技术推广总站,兰州 730000
    2甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所/甘肃省旱作区水资源高效利用重点实验室,兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-06 修回日期:2020-09-17 出版日期:2021-03-25 发布日期:2021-04-09
  • 通讯作者: 张绪成
  • 作者简介:赵记军,男,1981年出生,甘肃文县人,硕士,主要从事农业环境保护技术推广工作。通信地址:730000 兰州市城关区平凉路106号 甘肃省农业生态与资源保护技术推广总站,Tel:0931-8179039,E-mail:daniel. zhao@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目“半干旱区马铃薯化学肥料减施技术研究与示范”(2018YFD020080105)

The Plastic Film Source Reduction Technology: Feasible Path Discussion

Zhao Jijun1(), Yu Xianfeng2, Zhang Xucheng2()   

  1. 1Gansu Agro-ecology and Resources Protection Technology Station, Lanzhou 730000
    2Institute of Dryland Farming, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of High Water Utilization on Dryland of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070
  • Received:2020-07-06 Revised:2020-09-17 Online:2021-03-25 Published:2021-04-09
  • Contact: Zhang Xucheng

摘要:

为了有效减少地膜投入和减轻地膜残留,本研究分析了国内农用地膜应用现状,归纳了地膜源头减量化技术可行路径。指出地膜覆盖具有“覆膜面积大、应用区域广、覆盖作物多”的特点,地膜残留具有“时限积累性、区域差异性、分布多态性”的特征。认为旧膜重复利用、生物降解地膜替代、秸秆覆盖技术替代、保水剂施用、耕作栽培模式优化等5类技术在地膜减量投用方面具有一定可行性,但需进一步研究总结和配套完善。建议集成减量技术、减量产品和减量模式,构建综合配套应用体系是地膜源头减量化技术路径的发展方向。

关键词: 地膜, 减量化技术, 旧地膜, 生物降解地膜, 秸秆覆盖, 保水剂, 栽培方式, 可行路径

Abstract:

In order to effectively reduce plastic film input and alleviate plastic film residue, the present domestic application status of agricultural plastic film is analyzed, and the feasible path of plastic film source reduction technology is discussed in this study. It is pointed out that the plastic film has the characteristics of “large mulching areas, and wide application to regions and crops”, and the plastic film residue has the characteristics of “time limit accumulation, regional difference, and distribution variation”. It is considered that five types of technologies have certain feasibility in plastic film reduction, such as reusing of old film, replacement with biodegradable plastic film, replacement with straw mulching, application of super absorbent polymer, and optimization of farming cultivation pattern, but the technologies need to be further studied and improved. It is suggested that a comprehensive application system should be constructed by integrating reduction technologies, products and patterns, which is the future development path of plastic film source reduction technology.

Key words: plastic film, reduction technology, old plastic film, biodegradable plastic film, straw mulching, super absorbent polymer, cultivation pattern, feasible path

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