微生物预处理秸秆纤维浆结构、形态及成膜性研究

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0816

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (15): 69-77.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0816

所属专题：生物技术

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤 • 上一篇下一篇

微生物预处理秸秆纤维浆结构、形态及成膜性研究

范肖东¹^,²(), 张悦²^,³, 吴增游¹^,², 雍宬², 曲萍², 黄红英², 徐跃定², 孙恩惠²()

¹南京林业大学材料科学与工程学院,南京 210037
²江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业农村部盐碱土改良与利用（滨海盐碱地）重点实验室/江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化协同创新中心,南京 210014
³南京理工大学化工学院,南京 210014

收稿日期:2021-08-25 修回日期:2021-12-05 出版日期:2022-05-25 发布日期:2022-06-07
通讯作者: 孙恩惠
作者简介:范肖东,男,1997,江苏人,硕士研究生,主要从事秸秆纤维地膜成膜及增韧改性技术的研究。通信地址：210042 江苏省南京市玄武区南京林业大学,Tel：13770583282,E-mail： 1184734363@qq.com。
基金资助:
江苏省重点研发计划“秸秆吸滤法制备生物降解农用制品关键技术研究与产品创制”(SBE2020310525);江苏省重点研发计划“秸秆吸滤法制备生物降解农用制品关键技术研究与产品创制”(3069)

Straw Fiber Pretreated by Microorganism: Pulp Structure, Fiber Morphology and Film-Forming Properties

FAN Xiaodong¹^,²(), ZHANG Yue²^,³, WU Zengyou¹^,², YONG Cheng², QU Ping², HUANG Hongying², XU Yueding², SUN Enhui²()

¹College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037
²Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization/Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization (Coastal Saline-Alkali Lands)/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014
³Institute of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094

Received:2021-08-25 Revised:2021-12-05 Online:2022-05-25 Published:2022-06-07
Contact: SUN Enhui

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究生物预处理对秸秆纤维解离作用,促进制浆过程纤维分丝帚化及成膜性,采用实验室模拟发酵法,探讨微生物接种量及发酵时间对秸秆纤维化学组分、纤维形态及膜力学性质的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,接种1%外源菌处理稻秸14天时降解率达到20%,纤维降解适中,细小纤维占比仅59.63%~67.91%,纤维间交织力增强,纤维的疏解与拆分效应提升,打浆能耗降低71.54%。且随发酵时间的延长,纤维膜的抗张强度先升高再降低,第7和14天时分别提高7.6%和4.64%;3%接菌量处理14天时,浆料重均和质量加权增幅最大至28.57%和49.36%,膜撕裂度最高达240.9 mN。抗张强度与纤维质量间无明显相关性,耐破强度与纤维质量加权长度间呈负相关,撕裂强度与纤维数均长度、重均及纤维长宽比间呈显著正相关。该研究为生物降解秸秆纤维地膜的开发应用可行性提供技术支撑。

关键词: 微生物, 预处理, 秸秆制浆, 纤维形态, 地膜, 力学性能

Abstract:

In order to study the effect of biological pretreatment on straw fiber dissociation and promote fiber separation and film formation in pulping process, the effects of microbial inoculation amount and fermentation time on chemical composition, fiber morphology and film mechanical properties of straw fiber were studied by laboratory simulated fermentation. The results showed that, the degradation rate of rice straw treated with 1% exogenous bacteria reached 20% after 14 days, and the fiber degradation was moderate, and the proportion of fine fiber was only 59.63%-67.91%, compared with the control group. The interlacing force among fibers was enhanced, and the effect of fiber dissolution and separation was improved, which led to the energy consumption of beating decreased by 71.54%. In addition, with the prolonging of fermentation time, the tensile strength of fiber film increased first and then decreased, which increased by 7.6% and 4.64% on day 7 and day 14, respectively. When treated with 3% inoculation amount for 14 days, the weight average and weight of slurry increased by 28.57% and 49.36% respectively, and the fiber film tear rate reached 240.9 mN. The conclusions are as follows: there is no significant correlation between tensile strength and fiber mass, but a negative correlation between bursting strength and weighted fiber length, while there is a significantly positive correlation between tear strength and average fiber length, weight average and length-width ratio. This study provides technical support for the development and application of biodegradable straw fiber mulching film.

Key words: microorganism, pretreatment, rice straw pulping, fiber morphology, mulch film, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

S282

范肖东, 张悦, 吴增游, 雍宬, 曲萍, 黄红英, 徐跃定, 孙恩惠. 微生物预处理秸秆纤维浆结构、形态及成膜性研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2022, 38(15): 69-77.

FAN Xiaodong, ZHANG Yue, WU Zengyou, YONG Cheng, QU Ping, HUANG Hongying, XU Yueding, SUN Enhui. Straw Fiber Pretreated by Microorganism: Pulp Structure, Fiber Morphology and Film-Forming Properties[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2022, 38(15): 69-77.

图/表 10

参考文献 31

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处理		纤维平均长度/mm			细小纤维含量/%	长宽比
接种量/%	发酵时间/d	数均长度	重均长度	质量加权	细小纤维含量/%	长宽比
0	7	0.369	0.481	0.680	73.01	12.95
	14	0.364	0.468	0.640	72.21	12.73
	21	0.371	0.497	0.693	71.64	12.74
1	7	0.362	0.456	0.622	59.53	11.56
	14	0.371	0.487	0.715	67.91	12.65
	21	0.363	0.461	0.623	66.24	13.30
3	7	0.361	0.460	0.632	67.29	11.62
	14	0.387	0.531	0.814	71.76	14.64
	21	0.376	0.495	0.696	69.50	14.40
5	7	0.360	0.480	0.747	68.86	11.36
	14	0.366	0.467	0.636	70.29	13.32
	21	0.362	0.460	0.617	69.05	13.09
未发酵秸秆		0.339	0.413	0.545	70.76	11.36
木浆纤维		0.765	1.425	2.108	33.74	28.82

处理		纤维平均长度/mm			细小纤维含量/%	长宽比
接种量/%	发酵时间/d	数均长度	重均长度	质量加权	细小纤维含量/%	长宽比
0	7	0.369	0.481	0.680	73.01	12.95
	14	0.364	0.468	0.640	72.21	12.73
	21	0.371	0.497	0.693	71.64	12.74
1	7	0.362	0.456	0.622	59.53	11.56
	14	0.371	0.487	0.715	67.91	12.65
	21	0.363	0.461	0.623	66.24	13.30
3	7	0.361	0.460	0.632	67.29	11.62
	14	0.387	0.531	0.814	71.76	14.64
	21	0.376	0.495	0.696	69.50	14.40
5	7	0.360	0.480	0.747	68.86	11.36
	14	0.366	0.467	0.636	70.29	13.32
	21	0.362	0.460	0.617	69.05	13.09
未发酵秸秆		0.339	0.413	0.545	70.76	11.36
木浆纤维		0.765	1.425	2.108	33.74	28.82

		数均长度	重均长度	质量加权长度	细小纤维含量	长宽比
抗张强度	Pearson相关系数	0.527	0.483	0.439	-0.137	0.347
抗张强度	显著性检验	0.079	0.112	0.153	0.671	0.269
耐破度	Pearson相关系数	-0.063	-0.397	-0.598^*	-0.360	0.114
耐破度	显著性检验	0.845	0.201	0.040	0.250	0.725
撕裂度	Pearson相关系数	0.798^**	0.595^*	0.407	0.321	0.720^**
撕裂度	显著性检验	0.002	0.041	0.189	0.309	0.008

		数均长度	重均长度	质量加权长度	细小纤维含量	长宽比
抗张强度	Pearson相关系数	0.527	0.483	0.439	-0.137	0.347
抗张强度	显著性检验	0.079	0.112	0.153	0.671	0.269
耐破度	Pearson相关系数	-0.063	-0.397	-0.598^*	-0.360	0.114
耐破度	显著性检验	0.845	0.201	0.040	0.250	0.725
撕裂度	Pearson相关系数	0.798^**	0.595^*	0.407	0.321	0.720^**
撕裂度	显著性检验	0.002	0.041	0.189	0.309	0.008

微生物预处理秸秆纤维浆结构、形态及成膜性研究

Straw Fiber Pretreated by Microorganism: Pulp Structure, Fiber Morphology and Film-Forming Properties

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