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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (15): 20-25.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0494

所属专题： 生物技术； 油料作物

• 农学·农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

起垄种植模式对花生生长发育和光合生理特性的影响

梁新波1,2(), 张晨1,2, 张冠初1, 戴良香1(), 丁红1, 徐扬1, 李泽伦1,2, 石书兵2, 张智猛1()   

  1. 1山东省花生研究所,山东青岛 266100
    2新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830000
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-24 修回日期:2021-01-18 出版日期:2021-05-25 发布日期:2021-05-18
  • 通讯作者: 戴良香,张智猛
  • 作者简介:梁新波,男,1997年出生,山东寿光人,在读硕士研究生,主要从事作物栽培与生理方面研究。E-mail： a405844737@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“花生对旱盐逆境交叉胁迫响应及调控机制”(31971856);山东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目“花生栽培与土壤肥料岗位专家”(SDAIT-04-06);山东省农业科学院创新工程“花生优质高效栽培关键技术”(CXGC2018B05);山东省重大科技创新工程项目“花生全程可控施肥关键技术和设备研发与应用”(2018YFJH0601)

Ridge Planting Patterns: Effects on Growth and Development and Photosynthetic Physiological Characteristics of Peanut

Liang Xinbo1,2(), Zhang Chen1,2, Zhang Guanchu1, Dai Liangxiang1(), Ding Hong1, Xu Yang1, Li Zelun1,2, Shi Shubing2, Zhang Zhimeng1()   

  1. 1Shandong Institute of Peanuts, Qingdao Shandong 266100
    2Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830000
  • Received:2020-09-24 Revised:2021-01-18 Online:2021-05-25 Published:2021-05-18
  • Contact: Dai Liangxiang,Zhang Zhimeng

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摘要：

为探究起垄种植模式下,不同垄行数对花生植株生长发育、光合作用及产量的影响,设置一垄1行、一垄2行、一垄3行和一垄4行密度下不同垄行数种植方式田间试验,研究花生各生育时期农艺性状、光合效率及产量性状的变化。结果表明：垄行数显著影响主茎高、侧枝长和叶面积指数,但对分枝数影响不显著。一垄1行种植模式下,主茎高、侧枝长和叶面积指数峰值时较其他处理分别提高了4.02%~16.12%、3.07%~20.97%、28.33%~62.68%,一垄1行与一垄2行种植模式下花生净光合速率(Pn)显著高于其他处理,一垄2行种植模式下,花生Pn峰值滞后30天,其结荚期Pn较其他处理提高了11.24%~30.67%。一垄2行种植模式较一垄1行营养生长时间有所延长,光合积累量增加,产量提高了7.65%~24.52%。本研究结果为花生高产栽培提供了技术途径。

关键词: 花生, 油料作物, 垄作, 种植模式, 光合特性

Abstract:

To explore the effects of different ridge rows on the growth and development, photosynthesis and yield of peanut plants under the ridge planting mode, field experiments with different ridge row numbers were set up, including one ridge 1 row, one ridge 2 rows, one ridge 3 rows and one ridge 4 rows. The changes of agronomic traits, photosynthetic efficiency and yield traits of peanuts were studied during each growth period. The results showed that the number of ridge rows significantly affected the main stem height, lateral branch length and leaf area index, but they had no significant effect on the number of branches. Under the one ridge 1 row planting mode, the main stem height, lateral branch length and leaf area index peak increased by 4.02%-16.12%, 3.07%-20.97%, 28.33%-62.68%, respectively, compared with other treatments. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of peanut under the one ridge 1 row and one ridge 2 rows mode was significantly higher than that of other treatments. Under the one ridge 2 rows mode, the Pn peak lagged behind for 30 days, and the Pn during pod setting period increased by 11.24%-30.67%, compared with other treatments. Compared with one ridge 1 row mode, the vegetative growth time of one ridge 2 rows mode prolonged, the photosynthetic accumulation increased, and the yield increased by 7.65%-24.52%. The study could provide a technical approach for peanut high-yield cultivation.

Key words: peanut, oil crops, ridge cultivation, planting pattern, photosynthetic characteristics

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