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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2021, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (24): 133-138.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2020-0702

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于姬菇菌糠为主的番茄育苗基质配方研究

王勤礼1,2(), 闫芳1,2, 韩玉琦3, 单华佳1,4, 宋利茹4, 冯月琴2, 王志伟5, 魏生龙1,4   

  1. 1河西学院甘肃省食用菌菌糠资源化利用工程研究中心,甘肃张掖 734000
    2河西学院河西走廊设施蔬菜工程技术研究中心,甘肃张掖 734000
    3河西学院化学化工学院,甘肃张掖 734000
    4河西学院甘肃省应用真菌工程实验室,甘肃张掖 734000
    5甘肃省农业科学院,兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-22 修回日期:2021-04-15 出版日期:2021-08-25 发布日期:2021-08-27
  • 作者简介:王勤礼,男,1966年出生,甘肃永昌人,教授,硕士,研究方向：园艺植物栽培、农业废弃物资源化利用等。通信地址：734000 甘肃省张掖市环城北路846号 河西学院继续教育学院,Tel：18993608753,E-mail： wangqinli66@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省中小企业创新基金项目“基于菌糠为主的新型有机肥研发及产业化应用”(17CX1JG143);甘肃省农业科学院条件建设及成果转化项目“蔬菜集约化育苗关键技术研发与产业化示范”(2020GAAS14);国家重点研发计划“西北干旱区设施蔬菜化肥农药减施技术模式建立与示范”(2016YFD0201000)

Formula of Tomato Seedling Substrate Based on Pleurotus ostreatus Mushroom Bran as the Main Raw Material

Wang Qinli1,2(), Yan Fang1,2, Han Yuqi3, Shan Huajia1,4, Song Liru4, Feng Yueqin2, Wang Zhiwei5, Wei Shenglong1,4   

  1. 1Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi Chaff Resource Utilization of Hexi University, Zhangye Gansu 734000
    2Engineering & Technical Research Center for Greenhouse Vegetable in Hexi Corridor, Hexi University, Zhangye Gansu 734000
    3Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College of Hexi University, Zhangye Gansu 734000
    4Gansu Engineering Laboratory of Applied Mycology of Hexi University, Zhangye Gansu 734000
    5Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730000
  • Received:2020-11-22 Revised:2021-04-15 Online:2021-08-25 Published:2021-08-27

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摘要：

为了筛选以姬菇菌糠为主的番茄育苗基质配方。以番茄品种‘6629’为指示品种,选用姬菇菌糠、草炭、珍珠岩、蛭石等物料,按不同比例混合配制成4种育苗基质,以荷兰瑞克斯旺公司的草炭育苗基质为对照(CK),采用随机区组设计,进行穴盘育苗试验。结果表明,T4（菌糠：草炭：珍珠岩：蛭石=5:3:1:1）配方育苗基质的容重为0.2045 g/cm3,总孔隙度为68.17%,持水孔隙度为61.51%,符合国家行业育苗基质标准;通气孔隙度为6.66%,气水比为0.1083,低于行业标准;pH 7.61,速效氮821.8 mg/kg,速效磷353.00 mg/kg,速效钾16.11 mg/kg,有机质477.9 mg/kg,均高于行业标准。T4配方基质育成的番茄苗株高2.96 cm,茎粗0.24 cm,根长14.61 cm,地上鲜重22.8913 g,地下鲜重3.8272 g,地上干重3.3364 g,地下干重0.9124 g,壮苗指数2.9368,根冠比为0.2735,散坨率0%,各项指标均接近于对照(CK)。平均隶属函数值0.5961,仅次于对照(CK)。T4（菌糠:草炭:珍珠岩:蛭石=5:3:1:1）各项指标综合评价接近对照(CK),可以作为番茄育苗的基质。

关键词: 姬菇菌糠, 番茄, 育苗基质, 草炭, 隶属函数

Abstract:

To screen the suitable substrate formula for tomato seedling, Hypsizygus marmoreus mushroom bran, peat, perlite, and vermiculite were made into 4 different seedling substrates with different proportions. Taking tomato variety ‘6629’ as the indicator variety and the peat seedling matrix of Rexwang Company of the Netherlands as the control (CK), the randomized block design was used to carry out the plug seedling test. The results showed that the bulk density of the seedling matrix of T4 (mushroom residue: peat: perlite: vermiculite = 5:3:1:1) formula was 0.2045 g/cm 3, the total porosity was 68.17%, and the water holding porosity was 61.51%, in line with national industry nursery matrix standards. The aeration porosity was 6.66%, and the gas-water ratio was 0.1083, which was lower than the industry standard. The pH was 7.61, available nitrogen was 821.80 mg/kg, available phosphorus was 353.00 mg/kg, available potassium was 16.11 mg/kg, organic matter was 477.9 mg/kg, all were higher than the industry standard. The plant height was 2.96 cm, the stem diameter was 0.24 cm, the root length was 14.61 cm, the ground fresh weight was 22.8913 g, the underground fresh weight was 3.8272 g, the ground dry weight was 3.3364 g, the underground dry weight was 0.9124 g, the strong seedling index was 2.9368, the root-shoot ratio was 0.2735, and the bulk lump rate was 0 of tomato seedlings bred by T4 formula. The average value of membership function was 0.5961, second only to the control. All indicators of T4 (mushroom residue: peat: perlite: vermiculite = 5:3:1:1) formula were close to those of the control (CK), which could be the substrate for tomato seedling.

Key words: Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom bran, tomato, substrate, peat, membership function

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